Chapter 5 biology questions

Which figure depicts an animal cell placed in a solution hypotonic to the cell?

A, burst

Which of the following is an accurate comparison of active transport and facilitated diffusion?

Active transport moves solutes against their concentration gradient; facilitated diffusion moves substances down their concentration gradient.

Which part of the ATP molecule breaks free of the rest when an ATP molecule is used for energy?

D

A child is brought to the hospital with a fever of 107°F. Doctors immediately order an ice bath to lower the child's temperature. Which of the following statements offers the most logical explanation for this action?

Elevated body temperatures may denature enzymes. This would interfere with the cell's abilities to catalyze various reactions.

an enzyme is

an organic catalyst

Cells store energy that they use for work in the _____.

arrangement of atoms within molecules

Anything that prevents ATP formation will most likely

cell death

Cellular respiration is an example of __________.

exergonic reaction

When a cell uses chemical energy to perform work, it uses the energy released from a(n) ________ reaction to drive a(n) ________ reaction.

exergonic, endergonic

Through energy coupling, cells use ....., or energy-releasing, reactions to drive ......, or energy-requiring, reactions. The molecule ......is the energy shuttle between these two types of reactions.

exergonic, endergonic, ATP

Certain cells that line the stomach synthesize a digestive enzyme and secrete it into the stomach. This enzyme is a protein. Which of the following processes could be responsible for its secretion?

exocytosis

Mechanisms such as ....... enable precise control over a cell's -- all of its chemical reactio

feedback inhibition... metabolism

3. There is a net diffusion of water out of an animal cell when it is placed in a(n) .....solution.

hypertonic

5. A plant cell placed in a(n) ....solution will lose water and plasmolyze.

hypertonic

2. An animal cell placed in a(n) .......solution will gain water, swell, and possibly burst.

hypotonic

4. The ideal osmotic environment for a plant cell is a(n) .....environment.

hypotonic

1. The ideal osmotic environment for an animal cell is a(n) ........ environment.

isotonic

6. A plant cell surrounded by a(n) ..... solution will be flaccid (limp).

isotonic

Light is _____ energy, which is converted into _____ energy by plants.

kinetic, chemical

Oxygen crosses a plasma membrane by

passive transport

Most of this work is powered by the transfer of a phosphate group from one molecule to another in a process known as .

phosphorylization

Facilitated diffusion across a biological membrane requires ________ and moves a substance ________ its concentration gradient.

protein carrier, down

Most of the functions of a cell membrane, including transport and enzymatic function, are performed by

proteins

Enzymes work by _____.

reducing activation energy

When placed in a hypotonic environment, where the solute concentration is below that of the cell, a houseplant will _____.

remain standing upright

What name is given to the reactants in an enzymatically catalyzed reaction?

substrate

If placed in tap water, an animal cell will undergo lysis, whereas a plant cell will not. What accounts for this difference?

the relative inelasticity and strength of the plant cell wall Submit

Which of the following processes is endergonic?

the synthesis of glucose from carbon dioxide and water

As a result of its involvement in a reaction, an enzyme _____.

unchanged