Chapter 5 practice quiz

Which of these photon wavelengths contains the greatest amount of energy?

gamma rays

Which statement accurately summarizes the process of photosynthesis?

Chloroplasts capture sunlight, water is split, oxygen is released, and carbon dioxide is used to convert chemical energy into glucose

Photosynthesis can be broken down into two basic mechanisms (photo and synthesis). Which sequence describes these two mechanisms?

Photo - absorption of light; Synthesis - carbon fixation

Why do many species of algae appear green?

The chlorophyll pigment they contain is green.

Photons are critical to the process of photosynthesis because photons _____.

are needed to excite the electrons of the pigment atoms in chlorophyll

What energy source drives the carbon fixation process of photosynthesis, and where does it come from?

chemical energy from light absorption stored in ATP

What organelle does an algae need to be able to conduct photosynthesis?

chloroplast

Each time energy is converted from one form to another, a percentage of that energy is lost as _____ or fails to be converted.

combustion

Which of these are photosynthetic organisms?

cyanobacteria and plants

Glucose is a product of photosynthesis. Where do the carbon atoms of glucose produced during photosynthesis come from?

molecules in air

The energy of sunlight exists in the form of _____

photons

Kinetic energy is best described as _____.

the energy of movement

Which factor is NOT driving our search for alternative fuel sources?

the large amount of water and pesticides used when biodiesel is produced from corn

When considering which biofuel is the most sustainable, which of these must be considered?

water, energy, and fertilizer and pesticide use

How do the environmental costs of growing algae for biofuel production compare to other crop options?

Algae require less fertilizer than corn.

Which statement describes the ways that photosynthetic algae and animals obtain energy?

Animals obtain energy from sugar made by light-absorbing energy producers

_____ can directly use the energy of sunlight to make their own food, and _____ must rely on other organisms to provide the energy they need to survive.

Autotrophs; heterotrophs

What would happen if algae, cyanobacteria, and plants were wiped out?

Heterotrophs would not be able to use autotrophs as an energy source.

Which sequence correctly describes the input (I) and output (O) of photosynthesis.

I - carbon dioxide, photons, water; O - oxygen, glucose

Why did searching for unique algae species open new opportunities for their use as a biofuel?

It can make the process independent of sunlight.

Why are energy-rich lipids from algae more useful as a fuel than energy-rich sugars and other carbohydrates produced by photosynthetic organisms such as corn and wheat?

The sugars contain less chemical energy than the lipids and the lipids can be used directly as fuel.

Why are algae considered more valuable for biofuel than plants (such as corn)?

They are cheaper to grow.

Imagine that you have discovered a new species that has the ability to consume other organisms for energy and also contains chloroplasts. What would these properties tell you about the organism?

This organism is both a heterotroph and an autotroph.

Which sequence correctly traces the flow of energy needed to move an automobile?

chemical energy; heat energy; kinetic energy

The energy in a cereal bar is _____ energy. The energy of a cyclist pedaling is _____ energy.

chemical; kinetic

The fuel used to run our cars contains _____ energy.

potential