chapter 5 to 8
True or false: By the dawn of 20th century, African Americans had successfully achieved civil rights protections from the federal government.
false
True or false: Early civil rights advocates such as W. E. B. Du Bois fought for separate but equal treatment for minority groups.
false
True or false: Global events have little effect on the ideology of political parties during the twenty-first century.
false
True or false: Public opinion and ideology are two separate and distinct concepts.
false
True or false: The Internet has limited party activism to individuals who can attend party meetings.
false
True or false: The concept of "equal protection of the laws" is defined explicitly by the Constitution.
false
True or false: The federal government honored most of the treaties it made with Native American tribes from 1778 to 1870.
false
Which president was elected under his promise that he would do something about the Great Depression?
fdr
In practice, in early America, women had
few rights
One of the factors included in the evaluation of an organization's resources is
financil potential
rider derives a benefit without contributing to its achievement.
free rider
According to the responsible party model, political parties will
give voters a clear choice by establishing different priorities or policy stances than rival parties.
Literacy tests were designed so that few voters stood a chance of passing; however, white voters were exempt because of a
grandfather clause
volunteer activity that involves direct contact with voters or potential voters
grassroots organizing
Which event or phenomenon led to the start of the fifth party system?
great depression
Which type of crime is one that is committed against a person, property, or society as a whole, where the offender is motivated by his or her bias against the victim because of race, religion, disability, sexual orientation, or ethnicity?
hate crime
The inauguration of which president ended the Reconstruction era and opened the way for the implementation of Jim Crow laws throughout the South?
hayes
Despite his distaste for the idea of political parties, George Washington began to utilize such organizations because
he recognized that he needed legislators to help push his initiatives through Congress.
True or false: Polls shape public opinion, and their results provide an important source of information for the American public.
high
Which of the following aspects of Donald Trump's ascent in the Republican Party has helped to breathe new life into the party?
his appeal to working-class white voters
Where do many people first identify with the two major parties?
home
In most cases during the late 1800s, what was the purpose of education for girls?
housewives
considered a political attribute that can be passed down from one generation to the next.
identification
Increased interest group membership is most likely the result of which one of the following factors?
income
Political scientists believe that ______ and ______ are the best predictors of interest group membership.
income, education
Which of the following are challenging the traditional Republican orthodoxy?
increased Tea Party conservatism Donald Trump's rhetoric and policy positions
Which of the following are evidence that a new party system emerged with the election of Richard Nixon in 1968?
increased activism by conservative Christians in the Republican Party increased Republican support by southern whites Republican dominance of the presidency support of Donald Trump by rural white voters
Who in government typically benefits the most from interest group resources and participation?
incumbents
The law passed by Congress that called for the forced relocation of all native peoples to lands west of the Mississippi was called the
indian removal act
Which of the following is the earliest group that actively campaigned for full suffrage for native peoples?
indian rights associtation
What type of strategy uses intermediaries to advocate for a cause or generally attempts to persuade the public and policymakers to embrace the group's position?
indirect
To whom did Republican candidate William McKinley appeal in his campaign for the presidency?
industrialists bankers factory workers
Characteristics such as race, religion, national origin, or sex, which are protected by government assurances of civil rights, are called
inherent characteristics.
The characteristics of the new party system include which of the following traits?
intense party competition divided government
Which of the following does affirmative action require?
intentional efforts to diversify
Which of the following is not considered a category or type of third party?
interest group
The typical makeup of a foreign policy interest group includes which of the following?
international corporations based abroad a foreign government U.S. citizens of the foreign nation's heritage
solidary
joining because of social association
What is an example of an economic interest group?
labor union
The Republican Party generally supports
larger role for state
Which of the following groups enforced the laws that prevented African Americans from exercising their right to vote?
law enforcement. agents. kkk
Professional lobbyists are almost always
lawyers
An example of a direct interest group strategy is
litigation
The interest group strategy that includes face-to-face meetings with legislators, hosting legislative receptions and events, and making telephone calls is known as
lobbying
When it comes to voting, Latinos
lowest voting
Which philosopher/constitutional framer believed that people with similar interests would form and join groups to prompt government action?
madison
Which political leader wrote that the government must dilute the influence of factions and interest groups by filtering their views through properly structured governing institutions?
madison
America's winner-take-all system of electing candidates works to the advantage of
major
14th amendment
mandates the same privileges and immunities for all citizens and due process protections for all people
All of the following are included in the measurement of a group's organizational resources except
marketing effectiveness.
Lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgendered citizens have organized to fight for equal rights provisions in which of the following areas?
marriagehousingemployment
Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr., advocated which of the following to protest government-sanctioned discrimination?
mass marchesacts of civil disobediencepeaceful boycotts
economic
member only
On what two key types of resources do interest groups rely in order to remain effective?
membership financing
Which of the following minority groups make up the largest Hispanic population in the United States?
mexican
When did most of the momentous victories made by civil rights activists finally begin?
mid 20th century
Despite southern opposition, which of the following was passed by Congress in 1820 to deal with slavery in the newly acquired western territories?
missouri comprimise
African American civil rights victories were the result of which of the following?
moment leadership, effective strategies, media coverage
The Democratic Party's agenda in the past several decades has centered on which of the following items?
more civil rights protections expansion of social welfare programs
Countries with proportional representation systems tend to have what kind of party system?
multiparty
Political party activists determine their party's nominee for the presidency at a(n) ______ convention.
national
Which level of party organization nominates the party's candidate for president?
national
Which issues are central to the third wave of the womens' rights movement in the United States?
nding sexual violenceunequal access to legal rights
Third parties have existed since the
nineteenth century
Research indicates which of the following relationships between religiosity and partisan identification?
non-religious americans are most likely to be democraticvery religious americans are most likely to be republicans
How do interest groups foster civic participation?
nterest groups provide ways for people to organize to influence government.
Which of the following was the key factor in the growth of staunch conservatism within the Republican Party?
obama
Which of the following describe a party's platform?
objectives and stance on variety
For those disenchanted with the two-party system, interest groups
offer an alternative means of participatio
Which of the following has/have increased interest group participation among groups that have not historically joined interest groups?
online
Which of the following refers to the publics' expressed views about an issue at a specific point in time?
opinion
George Washington
opposed ideas
Which of the following would be examples of indirect strategies utilized by interest groups?
orchestrating a protest writing letters to politicians
The setting in which an interest group attempts to achieve its goals is referred to as its
organizational environment.
The initial goal of the NAACP in the modern era of civil rights was to
overrule the seperate but equal
party in government
partisans serving as elected leaders in local county state and federal gov
Who are the players in the three faces of party operation?
party identifiers elected officials party workers
What has been at the heart of many civil rights struggles for equality in America?
people disagreeing strongly about what equal treatment requires
When an interest group endorses a candidate who is running for office, what key function is it fulfilling?
performing a role in the electoral system
Delegates at the convention develop a party
platform
Which of the following are ways that American children are taught patriotism in schools?
pledge, founding fathers
Proponents of ______ theory believe that interest groups facilitate political participation and policy debates.
pluralist
Which of the following are likely to lead to political action or activism later in life?
political and social activities in high school political discussion in the home parents' educational attainment
What do we learn about through our peers?
political climate and values
One of the best channels through which citizens can voice general issues that concern them politically is through participation in
political parties
Organizations that nominate and seek to elect candidates to office are known as
political parties
Which of the following refers to the group of people in a poll whose opinions are of interest and/or about whom information is desired?
population
A philosophy supporting the rights and empowerment of the masses is known as
populism
Civil Rights Act of 1968
prohibited racial discrimination in housing
Political parties partake in activities that are primarily intended to
promote democracy
Which of the following are examples of indirect strategies employed by interest groups in advancing their interests?
public outreach electioneering
Which poll exemplifies this scenario: "If you were aware that Senator McCain was held prisoner while serving his country during the Vietnam War, would that make you more or less likely to vote for him?"
push poll
All good sampling designs use ______ sampling, in which each individual in the population has a chance of being selected.
random
The method of selection whereby each member of the population has an equal chance of being included in the sample is called
random
The idea that it is not rational for people to participate in collective action when they can secure the collective good without participating is based on
rational choice
Research indicates that the primary influence of peers is to ______ our already-held beliefs and values.
reinforce
Between 1968 and 2008, which political party was more likely to win the presidency?
repub
What political party called for the abolition of slavery during the third party system?
repub
What were the two major parties during the third party system?
repub demo
The theory that parties try to give voters a clear choice by establishing priorities or policy stances different from those of the rival party is called the
responsible party modle
Which of the following individuals propelled the civil rights movement onto the national stage?
rosa parks and mlkjr
Historically, which agents of socialization have had the strongest influence on political socialization?
school and family
Which of the following would be least likely to be on the the agenda of a consumer interest group?
school prayer
Which four of the following are particularly relevant to the third wave of the women's rights movement?
sexual harassment unequal pay issues arising from intersectionality the glass ceiling
puposive
similarly held beliefs
Solidary incentives are closely linked to which of the following concepts?
social capital
Which of the following demographic characteristics are related to both the likelihood of interest group participation and the types of participation engaged in?
social class income race education
Political behavior and beliefs are passed from one generation to the next through political
socialization
Which term describes the aims of those who join interest groups in the hope of getting to know members with similar interests?
solidary
Who is most likely to be motivated to join a third party?
someone who is unhappy with the two major parties
The tendency for voters to support some candidates from each party is known as ticket
splitting
Which of the following refers to the practice of rewarding political supporters with jobs in government?
spoils
Which of the following refers to the legal right to bring lawsuits in court?
standing to sue
Which type of sampling divides U.S. census data into fourths and selects certain areas in each region as the basis of its sampling pool?
stratified sampling
Which of the following describe the downside of interest groups in our political system?
strengthening the advantages of incumbents domination by elites skewing the policy process in their favor increasing the influence of money in politics
For which of the following issues do Millennials tend to show greater levels of support than other generations of Americans?
support for gay rightsimmigration reformlegalization of marijuana
How did many of our founding fathers in American history view the possible existence of political parties?
suspicion
Political socialization affects us when we receive new information, and we
tend to place that new information in the context of what we already know
In Shelby County v. Alabama (2013), the Supreme Court found
that part of the Voting Rights Act of 1965 was unconstitutional.
One example of an umbrella organization is
the Business Roundtable.
Which document stated that "all men are created equal"?
the Declaration of Independence
Which of the following generational effects have impacted the political socialization of Millennials?
the Great Recession the 9/11 attacks
The law that was passed by Congress in the aftermath of the violent murders of activists in Mississippi, intending to eliminate discriminatory local and state government registration and voting practices, was called
the Voting Rights Act of 1965.
party organization
the formal party apparatus, including committees, party leaders, conventions, and workers
Which of the following is demonstrative of the recent difficulties the Democratic Party has had in defining itself?
the formidable opposition to Hillary Clinton's candidacy by Bernie Sanders and his followers
Which of the following factors is not used to predict interest group success?
the group's ability to run candidates for political office the group's capacity for changing its purpose
Which of the following factors have influenced the ideological evolution of political parties since the late twentieth century?
the growing importance of the parties' foreign policy opinions the end of the Cold War the rise of foreign and domestic terrorism
According to some observers, the failure to gain the support of what key constituency in the 2016 presidential campaign signaled dissatisfaction with Clinton and the Democratic Party in general?
white voters without a college degree
For a party to be in the best position to enact a broad partisan agenda, what does a party hope for?
winning control of the executive branch, winning a majority of seats in a legislature
What key Democratic constituency strongly backed the candidacy of Bernie Sanders in the 2016 Democratic presidential primaries?
young
During the 2016 presidential election, which of the following divides were evident in the Democratic Party?
young versus old moderately liberal versus Democratic Socialist
What arguments have political scientists made about the two-party system in the United States?
the media has replaced the parties as a source of information for many Americans, the two-party system is facing a decline in its overall influence in American politics.
Increased conservatism among congressional Republicans and anti-Trump sentiment in some congressional districts led to what in the lead-up to the 2018 mid-term elections?
the resignation and retirements of several moderate congressional Republicans
Which of the following most accurately describes an interest group's organizational resources?
the tools it has to achieve its goals
How are issue networks formed?
they are the result of the fact that individuals have interests and expertise in particular policy issues despite disagreeing on the outcome
Which of the following are considered ways in which third parties can impact the American political process?
they can influence electoral outcomes in a closely contested election between the two dominant party candidates., they give voters who are dissatisfied with the candidates from the two major parties a third option to vote for, they draw attention to issues that were previously ignored by the two major parties.
Which of the "externalities" have affected the socialization of Millennials?
they have been helicopter-parentedthey were born after birth control was legalizedthey have been raised to believe in their "specialness"
In the United States, a party organized as opposition or an alternative to the existing parties in a two-party system is known as a
third
Institutions, peers, and the media influence our political views
throughout our life
What was the purpose of the ADA Restoration Act of 2008?
to broaden the definition of impairments that are covered by the Americans with Disabilities Act
Which of the following are reasons politicians use opinion polls?
to determine their opponents' weaknesses to determine the effectiveness of their campaign strategies to determine their initial name recognition
What are the main purposes of public opinion polls in the political arena?
to help campaigns craft their message to connect Americans to their government to identify voter priorities
Why did Congress enact laws to create PACs?
to provide a means of overseeing the flow of money into political campaigns
Which of the following foreign policy issues is a key issue within U.S. electoral politics today?
trade
Individuals whose gender identity does not match the sex they were assigned to are referred to as
trans
In the policy-making process, members of Congress, the executive departments and agencies, and organized interest groups are said to make up the iron
triangle
True or false: An emphasis on reflecting the present diversity of the American electorate contributes to a political party's health.
true
True or false: Children's perceptions of political events are often shaped by their parents' political views.
true
True or false: Despite their calls for smaller government, the Republican platform calls for a stronger governmental role in the regulation of traditional moral values.
true
True or false: Due to their diversity, Millennials tend to be the most tolerant of all generations of Americans.
true
True or false: Educational attainment is a strong predictor of traditional interest group participation.
true
True or false: Following the passage and enforcement of voting laws in the South, record numbers of African Americans have won election to office.
true
True or false: Foreign governments, such as that of China, lobby the U.S. government for favorable trade policies.
true
True or false: Latinos are the largest minority group in the United States.
true
True or false: Mississippi has not elected an African American to state-wide office since Reconstruction.
true
True or false: The Civil Rights Act of 1964 both expanded the rights of many Americans and provided them with protections from discrimination.
true
True or false: The situation of truncated government helped the Republican Party shut down the federal government in the fall of 2013.
true
government is one in which one chamber of Congress is controlled by the same party that controls the White House.
truncated
Interest groups lobbying for policies representing groups of industries or corporations are known as
umbrella
A public employee is a labor organization made up of federal, state, and municipal workers.
union
Which of the following factors within an interest group's organizational environment can increase its success?
-A lack of competition from opposing interest groups-Highly skilled leadership within the group itself
Which of the following are among the most important agents of socialization?
-Media-Family-Schools
The number of people who identify as transgender in the United States is approximately ______ percent
.5
Millennials are the largest generation in the United States and make up roughly ______ of its population.
1/3
Homer Plessy was ______ African American.
1/8
Which figure is an accurate representation of Latinos in the United States?
17 percent
The third party system lasted from 1860 to
1896
The fourth party system lasted from 1896 to
1932
The fifth party system lasted between 1932 and
1968
The U.S. government functions as a(n) ______ system.
2
U.S. politics has historically been dominated by ______ parties.
2
political parties
2
According to Lipset and Rokkan, a society with one major cleavage should have
2 parties
What has the dualist nature of politics in the United States led to?
2 party system
Most political conflicts in the United States are considered
2 sided
Currently, persons of Asian descent make up nearly
6
Which events helped create momentum for equality of African Americans in the first half of the 20th century?
African-American soldiers returning home after fighting in World War II and supreme court decisions to clearing some types of segregation unconstitutional
Which considerations are now required, due to the ADA?
An employer must consider reasonable accommodations.A public school must consider access.
Which of the following resulted from the 1952 Immigration and Nationality Act?
Asian immigrants were allowed to become citizens for the first time.
Which of the following is true of the way that schools in the United States socialize children?
Children are socialized to believe in democracy and express patriotism.
In the 1800s, what limitations were faced by women who graduated from college and aspired to a career?
Choosing a career meant giving up the possibility of marriage.Career choices were largely limited to teaching, nursing, social work, or missionary work.
Which document listed many rights and opportunities that the law did not guarantee to women, including the right to vote and educational and employment opportunities equal to those of white men?
Declaration of Sentiments
Which of the following is a problem with the growth in importance of interest group politics in the United States?
Disadvantaged economic groups are not adequately represented
Which of the following are key functions of interest groups?
Educate the public about policy issues, protect the common good, and serve as a method for checks and balances.
Affirmative action policies have been used by ______ to expand opportunities for women and minority group members.
Educational institutions and employers
Which of the following women played an important role in securing legal and political rights for women in the United States?
Elizabeth Cady StantonAbigail AdamsLucretia Mott
List the following achievements of the civil rights movement in chronological order from first to last.
Ending segregation in public schools, then barring racial discrimination in accommodations and private employment, finally desegregation and housing
Which act bolstered the Fifteenth Amendment by establishing penalties for interfering with the right to vote?
Enforcement Act of 1870
Arrange the waves of the women's rights movement from its earliest attempt. The earliest event should be on top.
First the movement wins women the right to vote via the 19th amendment. Then the movement expands women civil rights through litigation and legislation. Finally, feminist groups fight intersectionality and multiple forms of discrimination by helping low income women overcome economic barriers.
How can the impact of church and religion on one's political socialization vary from person to person?
For some, religion plays a significant role in the development of their political beliefs. For others, it is irrelevant.
Campaigns and political parties have utilized the Internet and social media for which of the following initiatives?
Fund raising, organizing party activities, connecting with supporters
How are public opinion and political ideology linked?
Ideology is the prism through which people view all political issues.
How can the media help to determine the national agenda?
If the media focus attention on an issue, the public might demand action.
What makes indirect interest group strategies different from direct strategies?
Indirect strategies are directed more toward the public than elected officials.
The Women's March, which began in response to President Trump's inauguration in 2017, is a grassroots movement that has created entry points for new grassroots activists. Of the following key functions of interest groups, which two best exemplify the the Women's March movement?
Interest groups mobilize citizens and stimulate them to participate in civic and political affairs. Interest groups provide average citizens with an avenue of access to activism.
What sources of information may affect one's political knowledge and voting behavior?
Internet, magazine, and newspapers.
Which is true of the 2018 Supreme Court case Janus v. United States?
It ended compelled union dues for public employees and will have widespread impact on the strength of public employee unions.
Which of the following is true of the strong link between religiosity and political party?
It is applicable only to white voters.
Which of the following was a key turning point in the Civil War?
Lincolns issuance of the emancipation proclamation
Which of the following were arguments put forth by the attorneys representing Plessy?
Louisiana state segregation laws violated the equal protection clause of the Fourteenth Amendment.The Fourteenth Amendment states that no state shall "deny to any person within its jurisdiction the equal protection of the laws."
One example of a corporate or business interest group is
MPAA
Professionals typically become members of professional associations due to
Membership incentives and service
What important discriminatory issues were women raising by the 1960s?
Men had better employment opportunities and higher pay, women were unable to obtain credit without having a male cosign alone, and men had more educational opportunities
Who is most likely to participate in civic life?
People who have been exposed to politics.
What is the process by which we develop our political values and opinions?
Political Socialization.
In a proportional representation system, which of the following is true?
Political parties win a number of seats in the legislature in rough proportion to the percentage of the vote each party receives.
Which party is known as the party of Lincoln?
Republican
What was the central finding of Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka (1954)?
Segregated schools violate the equal protection clause of the Fourteenth Amendment.
Which of the following describes Rosa Parks's best known act of resistance?
She refused to leave her seat in the front of the bus to make room for a white passenger.
At the time that the U.S. Constitution was adopted, how did some states continue to permit persons of African descent to be enslaved?
Some of the most important provisions of the new federal Constitution treated enslaved African Americans as property.
Which of the following are examples of how the media shape political perceptions?
The media educate the public about policy issues. The media help determine the national agenda. The media help shape societal norms
The Montgomery bus boycott was considered a success because
The protest Garner national media tension in public sympathy and the supreme court ruled that segregated buses were unconstitutional
What are some potential limitations to the methods researchers use to select random samples?
There are high rates of nonresponse due to the use of caller ID. The standard method of random-digit dialing of telephones has historically excluded cell-only citizens. Those who are willing to respond to pollsters tend to be more politically engaged than those who choose not to respond.
Which of the following are reasons that interest groups are dominated by individuals with higher levels of wealth and education?
They are more likely to be informed of the issues and to understand the importance of interest groups in shaping policy. They have more disposable income to spend on membership dues. They likely have occupations in which interest group participation is helpful.
Which best describes how the majority of Americans feel about the existence of viable third parties?
They favor viable third parties because they are dissatisfied with the current major parties.
Which of the following established the complete abolition of slavery in the United States?
Thirteenth Amendment
What are the three most important things that political leaders learn from public opinion polls?
what policy issues people prefer whether the people approve of the way government is doing their job what issues are important to people
Which electoral result indicates that the American party system remains vibrant?
Turnout in recent elections
In order to ensure equal employment opportunity for all, the federal government in the 1960s began to require agencies and businesses
Who is doubles policies aimed at giving minority group members equal opportunities to obtain jobs
One of the incentives of becoming an interest group member is to satisfy
a desire for increased opportunities of occupational advancement. a sense of belonging.
In hindsight, political scientists are seeking to determine whether
a new party system arose with the election of Richard Nixon.
The Republican Party has advocated for a
a smaller government that performs fewer social welfare functions
What did President Lincoln's Emancipation Proclamation accomplish?
abolished slavery in the states that had seceded from the Union.It prevented Britain and France from intervening in the Civil War on the southern side.
What are roles of the political party at the national level?
adopting a party platform selecting a head of the national party committee conducting national party conventions determining the party's nominee for president
Intentional efforts to diversify the student body in higher education are known as
aff action
action includes intentional efforts to recruit, hire, train, and promote underutilized categories of workers in the employment arena.
affirmative
Which of the following is the most recent example of the Democratic Party's belief in expanding the role of government to provide a social safety net?
affordable care act
The individuals, organizations, and institutions that facilitate the acquisition of political views are called
agents
voting rights act
aggressively sought to counter nearly one hundred years of disenfranchisement
Which of the following is an example of an economic interest group?
agriculture
party in the electorate
all of the individuals who identify with or tend to support a particular party
Which of the following ethnic groups is the fastest growing in the United States?
asian
Which of the following did the Democratic Party have to overcome to remain competitive in American politics during the party's history?
assassination of party leaders, Republicans winning all but 5 presidential elections since 1968, internal divisions on civil rights issues
As Democrats look forward to the 2020 election, one of their main focuses will be how to
attract demographic groups that were lost to President Trump in 2016.
What political issue gave rise to consumer interest groups?
automotive safety
Which of the following was not included in the provisions of the Civil Rights Act of 1964?
banning poll taxes and tests
Civil Rights Act of 1964
barred racial discrimination in accommodations and private employment
Why do many interest groups form political action committees (PACs)?
because contributing to a condidates campaign can help gain access for interest group lobbyists
President Trump's disparaging remarks about various groups was viewed as a rejection of the
big tent
Which of the following describes a strategy that is often employed by political parties to broaden their base of support?
big tent principle
What is the name of the set of laws that limited the rights of "freemen," or former slaves, that was passed immediately after the Civil War by the various southern states?
black codes
Who was the populist Democratic nominee for the 1896 presidential election?
bryan
What event(s) garnered national attention for Martin Luther King, Jr., and led to a decisive Supreme Court case?
bus boycott
Which of the following are ways that third parties have wielded influence in the U.S. political system?
by getting enough votes to change the outcome of an election by focusing attention on issues that may not have otherwise been addressed
Which of the following are ways that the media shape societal norms?
by reflecting changing societal standards by reinforcing core democratic values by imparting norms and values
How do political scientists generally categorize interest groups?
by what kinds of issues concern them and who benefits from their activities
Which of the following minority groups make up the largest Hispanic population in the United States?
cali, ny, hawaii
Pursuant to the responsible party model, voters
can readily anticipate how a candidate will vote on a given set of issues if elected.
Since 1968, there has been a rise in the number of
candidate
Which of the following factors have contributed to the weakening of party organizations?
candidate-centered campaigns, primary elections
Which example would not be a direct interest group strategy?
civil disobedience
Which law, passed by Congress and also known as the Anti-Ku Klux Klan Act, made it a federal crime to deprive individuals of their rights, privileges, and immunities?
civil rights movemtent of 1982
Since the 1980s, which group has voted most strongly for the Republican Party?
conservative christians
Which of the following most accurately characterizes direct strategies?
contact between the interest group and policymakers
Foreign nationals are prohibited from
contributing money to American political campaigns.
A type of segregation that is mandated by law is called
de jure
The tendency whereby more voters identify as independents than with a political party is known as
dealignment
Which is a common reason people might cite as a key motivator for joining an interest group?
decision makers being more likely to listen to their concerns
The prevalence of candidate committees tends to ______ the role of political parties.
decrease
Which are the major political parties in the United States?
demo, repu
Which of the following refer to the two types of strategies that interest groups use to advance their causes?
direct and indirect
Third parties have trouble garnering much support from dissatisfied voters because the ideologies of the dissatisfied voters are so
diverse
The situation in which one party controls both chambers of Congress while the presidency is controlled by the other party is known as ______ government.
divided
In a winner-take-all electoral system, the winning candidate
does not need majority of popular votes
Which is not a correct category of interest groups?
domestic
Today, Democrats have most unified over
donald
The nature of most political or policy conflicts in the United States are most likely considered to be
dualist
______ interest groups secure government and material benefits for their members.
economic
Which theory states that a small, close-knit group of people who possess wealth and power control policy making in government?
elite theory
13th Amendment (1865)
ended slavery throughout the United States and prohibited it in the future
The primary way that peers influence political socialization is to
enhance already-held beliefs and values.
Two factors that impact the success of interest groups are a group's organizational resources and its organizational
environment
Which of the following was the goal of the second wave of the women's rights movement?
equal legal rights for women
Which clause of the U.S. Constitution was at the center of the argument in Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka?
equal protection clause
Some of the founding fathers distrusted political parties because they believed that political parties
exacerbated conflict instead of building consensus. discouraged independence in thought and action. encouraged the pursuit of self-serving interests.
Which polls are conducted at polling places on Election Day to determine the winner of an election before the polls close?
exit
15th amendment
expanded voting rights to former slaves
True or false: All third parties are formed to promote a stance on a particular issue.
false
True or false: Both elitists and pluralists agree that interest groups are unable to exercise any control over the government.
false
