Chapter 6 Learn Smart

Catabolism

The set of chemical reactions that degrade compounds, releasing their energy

Anabolism

The set of chemical reactions that synthesize and assemble the sub-units of macro-molecules

Metabolism

The sum total of chemical reactions in a cell

Rank aerobic respiration, fermentation, and anaaerobic respiration from greatest energy yield to least energy yield.

Aerobic respiration, anaerobic respiration, fermentation

The chemical structures show the production of theanol from pyruvate vie fermentation. What best explains the events in this diagram?

CO2 removal converts pyruvate to the terminal electron acceptor acetaldehyde, which receives 2 electrons and protons from NADH + H2, making ethanol.

Kinetic Energy comes from? Chemical Energy comes from?

Kinetic = photons of sunlight Chemical = organic compounds

What are important electron carriers for a cell?

NAD+/NADH, NADP+/ NADPH, FAD/FADH2

The mechanism by which cellular respiration uses reducing power generated in glycolysis, the transition step, and the TCA cycle to synthesize ATP is ________ phosphorylation.

Oxidative

What correctly describes respiration?

The Electron transport chain uses the electrons to generate a proton motive force that can be used to generate ATP. Electrons extracted from glucose are transferred to the electron transport chain.

Proton motive force is _________.

The form of energy that results from the electrochemical gradient established by the electron transport chain.

The step that links glycolysis to the TCA cycle is called the _______ step.

Transition

In the pathway of _______, cells break down glucose via glycolysis and then use pyruvate or a derivative as a terminal electron acceptor.

fermentation