Chapter 6 Learn Smart
Catabolism
The set of chemical reactions that degrade compounds, releasing their energy
Anabolism
The set of chemical reactions that synthesize and assemble the sub-units of macro-molecules
Metabolism
The sum total of chemical reactions in a cell
Rank aerobic respiration, fermentation, and anaaerobic respiration from greatest energy yield to least energy yield.
Aerobic respiration, anaerobic respiration, fermentation
The chemical structures show the production of theanol from pyruvate vie fermentation. What best explains the events in this diagram?
CO2 removal converts pyruvate to the terminal electron acceptor acetaldehyde, which receives 2 electrons and protons from NADH + H2, making ethanol.
Kinetic Energy comes from? Chemical Energy comes from?
Kinetic = photons of sunlight Chemical = organic compounds
What are important electron carriers for a cell?
NAD+/NADH, NADP+/ NADPH, FAD/FADH2
The mechanism by which cellular respiration uses reducing power generated in glycolysis, the transition step, and the TCA cycle to synthesize ATP is ________ phosphorylation.
Oxidative
What correctly describes respiration?
The Electron transport chain uses the electrons to generate a proton motive force that can be used to generate ATP. Electrons extracted from glucose are transferred to the electron transport chain.
Proton motive force is _________.
The form of energy that results from the electrochemical gradient established by the electron transport chain.
The step that links glycolysis to the TCA cycle is called the _______ step.
Transition
In the pathway of _______, cells break down glucose via glycolysis and then use pyruvate or a derivative as a terminal electron acceptor.
fermentation