Chapter 6 Lesson 3 and 4
when eggs are fertilized outside the female's body.
external fertilization
A _____ is specialized fit eating and growing.
larva
In ______ the embryo develops inside the parents body.
placental animals
As a ____, the insect is enclosed to a protective covering.
pupa
______ are covered with membranes and a leathery shell while still inside the parents body.
Amniotic eggs
How do animals produce sexually?
Animals reproduce sexually by having two parents conjoin their sex cells (male sperm cell and female egg cell) to produce a new organism that has DNA that differs from both parents.
_______ fertilization must take place in water to prevent the eggs and sperm from drying out.
External
______ is the joining of sperm and egg cells.
Fertilization
_______ and _______ _______ carry DNA that determines physical characteristics such as size and color.
Sperm and egg cells
What is the difference between external and internal fertilization?
The difference between external and internal fertilization is that external fertilization occurs outside the FEMALE'S body and internal fertilization occurs inside the FEMALE'S body.
What is the difference between complete and incomplete metamorphosis?
The difference is that complete metamorphosis has 4 different stages: egg, larva, pupa, and adult. Incomplete only has 3 stages and no distinct larval stage: egg, nymph, and adult.
an egg with a shell and internal membranes that keep the embryo moist; a major adaptation to life on land characteristic of reptiles, birds, and egg-laying mammals.
amniotic egg
Sponges reproduce...
both sexually and asexually
The contents of the egg provide all the nutrients that the...
developing embryo needs
The mother's blood does not mix with the...
embryos blood
the length of time between fertilization and birth of a mammal.
gestation period
when eggs are fertilized inside the female's body.
internal fertilization
a process in which an animal's body undergoes major changes in shape and form during its life cycle.
metamorhosis
A _______ is an egg laying mammal
metronome
The _______ develops inside the mothers body
mothers embryo
a stage of incomplete metamorphosis that usually resembles the adult insect.
nymph
Materials are exchanged between the embryo and the mother through the ______.
placenta
an organ in most pregnant mammals, including humans, that links the mother and the developing embryo and allows for the passage of materials between them.
placenta
A _________ is a mammal that develops inside a mother's body.
placental mammal
a cnidarian body form characterized by an upright vase shape and usually adapted for a life attached to an underwater surface.
polyp
Asexual and sexual reproduction are different...
survival methods
What are three places an embryo can develop?
An embryo can develop inside an amniotic egg outside the parent's body, inside an egg that's kept in the parent's body, or inside the mother's body.(placental animals)
How do animals reproduce asexually?
Animals reproduce asexually by having one parent produce an offspring identical to itself.
Why do animals reproduce?
Animals reproduce to make more of their own kind or species. It is their natural instinct.
__________ have life cycles that alternate between asexual and sexual reproduction
Aquatic invertebrates
Compare and contrast sexual and asexual reproduction
Both sexual and asexual reproduction are types of reproduction. Asexual reproduction's advantage is that it can quickly produce many identical offspring. A disadvantage is that because the offspring have the exact same DNA as the parent it may not survive changes in the environment. Sexual reproduction's advantage is producing offspring with new combinations of DNA which may help the organism adapt and survive changes in the environment. A disadvantage is that it requires finding a mate, and the development of offspring takes a longer time.
_____ is a major body change.
Metamorphosis
What is the difference between in parental care between reptiles, fishes, and amphibians and birds and mammals?
Reptiles, fishes, and amphibians do not care for their young; birds and mammals care for their young until they're independent.
the eggs of land vertebrates are _______
amniotic eggs
a type of metamorphosis with four distinct stages: egg, larva, pupa, and adult.
complete metamorphosis
a type of metamorphosis with three stages: egg, nymph, and adult.
incomplete metamorphosis
the immature form of an animal that looks very different from the adult.
larva
A ________ is a baby mammal that develops in a pouch.
marsupial
a cnidarian body form characterized by an open umbrella shape and adapted for a free swimming life.
medusa
the larval form of a frog or toad.
tadpole