Chapter 6 | Civil Rights
(T/F) Until 1967, 16 states outlawed marriages between whites and nonwhites.
T
Today, about __________ of aliens who seek citizenship are successful in meeting the statutory requirements to become naturalized citizens.
97%
An example of a difference in treatment toward certain groups that qualifies as reasonable is
taxing different classes at different rates
One factor helping to break the deadlock that developed in the civil rights movement during the early 1960s was the (2)
Democratic landslide of 1964
(T/F) A 1992 Supreme Court decision reaffirmed the necessity of busing to achieve full school integration regardless of housing patterns.
F
(T/F) De jure segregation refers to segregation that is the result of residential patterns as oppsed to deliberate government policy.
F
(T/F) In 1883, the Supreme Court ruled that racial discrimination in public accommodations (such as hotels) was unconstitutional.
F
(T/F) In Lawrence v. Texas, gay couples married in state where same-sex marriage is legal must receive the same federal health, tax, and other benefits that heterosexual married couples receive.
F
(T/F) In the immediate aftermath of Brown v. Board of Education, southern resistance to school integration quickly collapsed.
F
(T/F) Laws cannot treat people differently
F
(T/F) Privacy is mentioned only once in the Constitution.
F
(T/F) The Supreme Court ruled in favor of Virginia Military Institute when its tradition of admitting only male cadets was challenged.
F
Which of the following statements concerning the "right to privacy" is CORRECT?
It is not mentioned in the Constitution
In this seminal decision, the Supreme Court held that a "right to privacy" is "broad enough to encompass a woman's decision whether or not to terminate a pregnancy."
Roe v. Wade
Which of the following are statutory requirements for naturalization?
Five year's residency, good moral character, attachment to constitutional principles, and a disposition to the good order of the US are all true
The _____ Amendment to the US Constitution appeared to guarantee equal rights for blacks.
Fourteenth
The Supreme Court first found a "right to privacy" in the __________ case.
Griswold
Since the 1970s, the Supreme Court has tended to apply this judicial standard to cases of gender discrimination.
Intermediate scrutiny
In this seminal Supreme Court decision, the Court overturned its decision in Bowers by ruling that state laws may not ban sexual relations between same-sex partners.
Lawrence v. Texas
Which statement best summarizes the pertinent question of civil rights?
Laws can treat different people differently, but such differences must be reasonable
The following is an example of a law that would only have to pass the reasonable standard where the government argues for the distinction on a rational basis.
Laws requiring somebody to be 21 legally purchase alcohol
The ________ Amendment made clear that non state may deny the right to vote on the basis of sex.
Nineteenth
The Supreme Court's ruling in Bowers v. Hardwick suggested that the right to privacy does not protect
None of these choices is true
In its decision in Brown v. Board of Education, the Supreme Court overruled __________ and the "separate but equal" doctrine.
Plessy v. Ferguson
In the ________ decision, the Supreme Court ruled that "separate-but-equal" facilities were constitutional.
Plessy v. Ferguson
The Supreme Court's decision in Casey was notable because
Republican appointees joined in an opinion that refused to overturn Roe
The origin of the movement to give more rights to women was probabably the
Seneca Falls Convention
The practive of mandating busing plans to remedy school segregation pattens was approved in the case of
Swann v. Charlotte-Mecklenburg Board of Education
(T/F) Findings from social science studies on the impact of segregation on black children influenced the Supreme Court's ruling in Brown.
T
(T/F) In 1989, the Webster case upheld some state restrictions on abortion.
T
(T/F) In 2012, Tammy Baldwin became the first openly gay politician elected to the US Senate.
T
(T/F) In Plessy v. Ferguson, the Supreme Court ruled that the equal protection clause of the Fourteenth Amendment guaranteed political equality but not social equality.
T
(T/F) In the late 1800s, the Supreme Court struck down a law that required that juries consist only of white males
T
(T/F) It is illegal for an employee to experience a work environment that has been made hostile or intimidating by a steady pattern of offensive sexual teasing, jokes, or obscenity.
T
(T/F) The NAACP was formed by a group consisting of both whites and blacks.
T
(T/F) The courts have so far declined to submit laws that treat men an women differently to the strict scrutiny test.
T
(T/F) The decision of the Supreme Court in Brown was unanimous.
T
(T/F) The federal government withholding federal aid to segregated schools in the 1970s led many schools to integrate.
T
(T/F) The outcome of the 1964 election helped the civil rights forces.
T
In 1963, the publication of __________by Betty Friedan strengthened the feminist movement.
The Feminine Mystique
In United States v. Windsor the Supreme Court held that
gay couples in states with legal same sex marriage must receive the same federal benefits that heterosexual married couple receive
On June 10, 1964, the Senate voted to invoke cloture and end a filibuster of the Civil Rights Act. This was
a victory for the civil rights movement
In a 2003 case involving admissions practices at the University of Michigan, the Supreme Court reaffirmed its decision in Bakke by rejecting the use of
an exact numerical advantage
In the Virginia Military Institute case, the Supreme Court required _______ for single-sex schools.
an exceedingly persuasive justification
Supporters of equality of opportunity tend to
have orthodox beliefs on many issues
In their struggle for equal treatment, women, unlike blacks, had to deal with a legal tradition that
claimed to be protecting them
A supporter of equality of opportunity as a way of redressing past civil rights inequities would be most likely to advocate
color-blind administration of the laws.
One reason the NAACP's strategy of using the courts to further black civil rights worked was that it
did not require a broad legislative alliance
Lloyd Gains had a tremendous impact on the interpretation of the Constitution when he attempted to
enter law school
The Hyde Amendment barred the use of federal funds for abortions
except when the life of the mother was in danger
The Supreme Court ruled in the Bakke case that
explicit numerical quotas are illegal
In 1955, the Supreme Court ruled that desegregation should be
implemented "with all deliberate speed"
The National Urban League has credited civil rights laws for
improving the number of blacks enrolled in college; decreasing the white-black poverty gap; increasing the number of black homeowners; failing to decrease the black-white unemployment ratio
Women were first given the right to vote in states that were
in the West
Based on the Supreme Court's decision in Roe, a woman has an unfettered right to an abortion
in the first trimester
Under the Supreme Court's decision in Roe, states may ban abortions
in the third trimester
Drawing on rulings by the Equal Employment Opportunities Commission, the Supreme Court has tried to define sexual harassment by ruling that
it is illegal for someone to request sexual favors as a condition of employment or promotion and it is illegal for an employee to experience a work environment that has been made hostile or intimidating by a pattern of offensive sexual teasing, jokes, or obscenity
Since its decision in Roe, the Supreme Court struck down a state law requiring
mandatory consent of husbands
One factor helping to break the deadlock that developed in the civil rights movement during the early 1960s was the
media coverage of violence by white segregaitionists
A great change in the status of women took place when
millions were hired in defense plants during WWII
The textbook discusses how the growing political strength of southern blacks is evident because
more that 10500 blacks hold elective office in the south
Under the Defense of Marriage Act, signed by President Clinton,
no state would be forced to recognize a same-sex marriage performed in another state
Starting with its decision in Brown v. Board of Education, the Court has treated race as a suspect classification such that any law making racial distinctions must
pass a test of strict scrutiny
The philosophy of civil disobedience suggests that there is value to
peacefully violating the law
The Supreme Court has argued that the right to privacy can be found in _______ of the provisions in the Bill of Rights.
penumbras
Laws that address public order and the safety and morals of citizens have traditionally been considered the focus of
police powers
Congress responded to the feminist movement by passing laws that
prohibited discrimination on the basis of gender in employment and among students in any school receiving federal funds
The 1987 Immigration Reform and Control Act granted amnesty and citizenship to illegal aliens who
resided continuously in this country since January 1, 1982.
In Brown v. Board of Education, the Supreme Court
ruled that racially separate schools were inherently unequal and therefore unconstitutional
In Reed v. Reed, the Supreme Court ruled that
sex discrimination violates the equal protection clause of the Constitution
As its rationale for the decision in Brown, the Supreme Court relied primarily on
social science evidence
Rosa Parks had a tremendous impact on the civil rights movement when she refused to
surrender her seat on a bus
In the Dred Scott Case (Scott v. Sanford), the Supreme Court ruled
that Congress had no authority to ban slavery in a territory and that a slave was considered a piece of property
In the Slaughter-House Cases (1873), the Supreme Court ruled
that the "privileges and immunities" clause of the Fourteenth Amendment did not protect citizens from discriminatory actions by state governments
The origins of the movement to give women the right to vote date back to
the 1840s
Martin Luther King's "I have a dream" speech was given in front of
the Lincoln Memorial
The difference between de facto and de jure segregation is that
the former results from private choices, the latter from public law
In 1998, the Supreme Court ruled that a school system was not liable for the conduct of a teacher who seduced a female student becayse
the student never reported the actions
Unlike the Civil Rights Act, the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) considers
undue hardships
In order to discourage segregation, federal laws began to
withhold federal funds from segregated schools