Chapter 6- Roman Empire
defeated mark antony and cleopatra at actium to become undisputed ruler of the roman world
Augustus
site of roman chariot races
Circus Maximus
person who would take control of the roman government for up to six months during times of emergencies
Dictator
emperor who built a defensive wall in norther portion of great britain
Hadrian
dictator for life and Pontifex Maximus who was assassinated on March 15, 44 B.C.
Julius Caesar
roman name for the mediterranean sea
Mare nostrum
member of the landholding upper class in ancient rome
Patrician
200 year period with flourishing peace, prosperity, and order
Pax Romana
the majority of the population made up of farmers, merchants, artisans, and traders
Plebians
epic poem linked homers work saying that aeneas escaped from troy to found rome
aeneid
visigoth general overran italy and plundered rome
alaric
structures that carried water into cities
aqueduct
supplied water to cities with
aqueducts
why virgil wrote about domes heroic past in the Aeneid
arouse patriotism
scourge of god (hun leader savage campaign of conquest across much of europe)
attila
heresy
belief contrary to official church teachings
priests under the authority of a diocesan leader known as
bishop
veto
block
jesus mission
bring spiritual salvation and eternal life to people believed in him
population count
census
system of law applied to citizens
civil law
emperor issued edict of milan influenced by devout christian mom
constantine
talented general who continued diocletian reforms
constantine
ended persecution of christians
constantine's edict of milan
supervise business of government and command armies
consul
social causes
decline in values such as patriotism discipline and devotion to duty
julius Caesar civil war
defied senate and marched army across rubicon
all christians in an area
diocese
emperor set out to restore order
diocletian
steps diocletian took (3)
divided empire into east and west (ran east himself), fixed prices, forced occupations
application of science and mathematics to develop useful structures and machines
engineering
geographic features of italy that made it easy to unify (3)
fertile plains, gentle mountains, one mass
greek doctor advance frontiers of medical science insisting on experiments for conclusions, created a medical encyclopedia
galen
Social and economic troubles caused by
gap between rich and poor
military causes for fall (2)
germanic invasion and mercenaries
political causes for fall (2)
government oppressive and authoritarian lost support of people and corrupt officials
characteristic roman architecture
grandeur and mighty monuments
blending of greek, hellenistic, and roman traditions
greco-roman civilization
themes historian livy wrote
heroic images of romes past
organization in which officials are arranged according to rank
hierarchy
social and economic problems (3)
high taxes, unproductive land, and poor farmers "slavery"
nomadic people migrated across central asia after wars in west
huns
establishing control over foreign lands and peoples
imperialism
rapid rise of prices
inflation
common basic principles (5)
innocent until proven guilty, evidence clearer than daylight, judges make just decisions and interpret laws, accused allowed to face accuser, accused offer a defense
huge roman estates
latifundia
second system applied to all people under roman rule citizens and non citizens
laws of nations
Roman codified law- made public to all citizens
laws of the twelve tables
basic military unit made of 5000 men
legion
his history of rome sought to rouse patriotic feelings
livy
paul became this when he died for his beliefs
martyr
foreign soldiers serving for pay
mercenary
savior sent by god
messiah
germanic leader finally ousted emperor in rome 476
odoacer
domed temple to all the roman gods
pantheon
exercised authority over other bishops in area
patriarch
overall roman attitude toward christians
persecuted
marcus aurelius
philosopher king
Rome launched series of wars in eastern mediterranean to...
plunder and defend roman interests
head of the roman catholic church
pope
land under roman rule
province
Womens greater freedom (3)
public baths, dined out, and attended public entertainments
Julius Caesar Reforms
public works for jobless, gave land to farmers, more citizenship, and calendar
government with officials chosen by the people ("thing of the people")
republic
D and C's results (3)
revived economy, increased governments power, failed stop longterm decline
improved life in empire (4)
roads, bridges, harbors, aqueducts
make fun of
satirize
rome harsh actions after death of hannibal
still rival
how romans treated conquered people (5)
taxes, acknowledge rule, soldiers, some citizenship, own customs and local government
economic causes (4)
taxes, slave labor, population, poor
women roles in spread of christianity (3)
teachers administrators worked with converts
made christianity official religion of roman empire
theodosius
how christianity grew from judaism into world religion
through work of missionaries like paul
when dictator chosen to rule in roman republic
times of war
two steps Constantine took change course of history
toleration to christians and new capital constantinople on bosporus strait making eastern empire center of power
plebeians own officials
tribune
portrayed romes heroic past in the Aeneid
virgil
germanic people who crossed into rome seeking safety
visigoths
Augustus foundation for stable government
well trained civil service,