Chapter 7
The ability to perceive objects that are three-dimensional is referred to as ____________________ perception.
Depth
True or False? It is important to not overfeed a baby who drinks formula because this can lead to the child being overweight later in life.
False - All babies should be allowed to eat until they are satisfied.
True or False? Babies learn to control their small muscles before they learn to control their large muscles.
False - Babies learn to control their large muscles before they learn to control their small muscles.
True or False? The terms growth and development both mean the same thing.
False - Growth refers to changes in size, whereas development refers to changes in physical, emotional, social, and intellectual skills.
True or False? Babies put objects in their mouths because it is an important way that they learn about the world.
True
What solid food is usually introduced first to babies? a. strained vegetables b. bread and crackers c. rice cereal d. ground meat
c. rice cereal
Suppose that you are caring for a six-month-old for an afternoon. Explain the importance of interaction to a child of this age and describe at least three games that would provide appropriate interaction.
Answers will vary. Interaction with others provides stimulation and promotes physical and brain development and encourages social interaction. Appropriate games might include playing hide-and-seek with toys, playing peek-a-boo, clapping in time with music, or reciting nursery rhymes.
True or False? Most infants gain several pounds in the first five days of life.
False - Most infants lose weight in the first five days of life.
True or False? While not getting good nutrition can affect a baby's physical development, it does not have any affect on his brain development.
False - Not getting good nutrition can have a negative effect on a many aspects of a baby's physical growth and development, including bone strength, brain development, and height.
What are some signs that a baby is ready to be weaned and what is the best approach to weaning a baby?
Signs include that the baby shows less interest in breast- or bottle-feeding and may begin playing or looking around while feeding. The baby may begin showing a preference for solid foods. It is best to approach weaning by gradually allowing the baby to drink from a cup with breast- and bottle-feeding being reduced until the baby is only using the cup.
Explain what child development experts mean when they say that "a baby develops from head to foot."
They mean that babies first develop some control over head movement, for example, they become able to support their own heads. They then learn to control their arms and heads. It is not until about age one that they are able to control their legs enough to walk.
True or False? Being around secondhand smoke increases a child's changes of getting respiratory infections, bronchitis, and asthma.
True
True or False? Children inherit genes from their parents that determine their physical characteristics, such as eye color.
True
True or False? Heredity has a stronger influence on a baby's height than weight.
True
True or False? If a child's brain does not develop properly during infancy, this poor development can have effects throughout the child's life.
True
True or False? If a parent is becoming frustrated and angry because a newborn will not stop crying, the parent may want to consider asking a friend or relative to watch the baby for a few hours.
True
True or False? One reason that babies are such messy eaters is because they are still developing their hand-eye coordination.
True
How are gross motor skills different from fine motor skills? a. Gross motor skills involve using the large muscles, whereas fine motor skills involve using the small muscles. b. Gross motor skills are a kind of reflex but fine motor skills are not. c. Babies are born with gross motor skills, but not with fine motor skills. d. Babies are born with fine motor skills, but not with gross motor skills.
a. Gross motor skills involve using the large muscles, whereas fine motor skills involve using the small muscles.
Which of the following requires the greatest degree of small muscle control? a. grasping a rattle b. knocking a toy on the floor with an arm c. walking d. kicking off a blanket
a. grasping a rattle
Which of the following is true concerning a baby's head? a. The bones in a baby's head join together shortly before birth. b. A baby's head is proportionally larger than the rest of the baby's body. c. A baby's head is proportionally smaller than the rest of the baby's body. d. none of the above
b. A baby's head is proportionally larger than the rest of the baby's body.
What is true concerning babies' weight? a. During infancy, baby girls tend to weigh slightly more than baby boys. b. During infancy, baby boys tend to weigh slightly more than baby girls. c. Most babies lose weight between three months and four months. d. Most babies weigh about 12 pounds at one year.
b. During infancy, baby boys tend to weigh slightly more than baby girls.
Why is it important to burp a baby at least twice during a feeding? a. so that they can eat more and will be fuller for a longer time period b. to expel any air that the baby may have swallowed c. to reduce the chances of the baby having an allergic reaction to formula d. to make it easier to wean the baby
b. to expel any air that the baby may have swallowed
Why should a baby be placed face up when put down to sleep? a. to help strengthen its neck muscles b. to help prevent sudden infant death syndrome c. to make it easier for the caregiver to keep an eye on the baby d. to allow the baby to see what is going on
b. to help prevent sudden infant death syndrome
At what age does a baby's vision become as clear and sharp as an adults? a. at birth b. at two months c. at six months d. at one year
c. at six months
What is the definition of the term development? a. those physical features that a child has inherited b. any changes in size, such as weight and length c. increases in physical, emotional, social, and intellectual skills d. being able to see objects in three dimensions
c. increases in physical, emotional, social, and intellectual skills
What is true concerning SIDS? a. The exact cause of SIDS is unknown. b. Living with someone who smokes increases the chance of SIDS. c. Premature babies are at greater risk of SIDS. d. all of the above
d. all of the above
Which of the following is an important way that parents can guard a child's health? a. make certain the child gets regular medical checkups b. provide good nutrition c. provide a safe environment d. all of the above
d. all of the above
Why are most infants able to drink liquids as soon as they are born? a. because while they have poor gross motor skills, their fine motor skills are well-developed at birth b. because while they have poor fine motor skills, their gross motor skills are well-developed at birth c. because sucking is one of the first skills a newborn learns d. because they are born with a sucking reflex
d. because they are born with a sucking reflex
What is an example of a developmental milestone? a. being in an environment where there is a great deal of noise b. having brown hair c. inheriting bad eyesight from a parent d. learning to walk
d. learning to walk
____________________ motor skills, such as writing, require the use of small muscles.
fine
When you are able to move the hands and fingers precisely in relation to what you see, you have good ____________________ coordination.
hand-eye
A baby who does not receive enough nutrients to eat can suffer from ____________________.
malnutrition
A developmental ____________________ is a key skill used to check a baby's progress.
milestone
The instinctive responses to stimuli with which babies are born are called ____________________.
reflexes
An environment in which a baby has a wide range of things to see, hear, touch, taste, and smell is a(n) ____________________ environment.
stimulating
When a baby switches from drinking from a bottle or breast to drinking from a cup, the baby is ____________________.
weaned
