Chapter 7 Politics
________ are nonprofit independent groups that receive and distribute funds to influence the nomination, election, and defeat of a candidate.
527 committees
The United States has had ________ party systems since 1790.
6
In 2012, about ________ percent of Latino Americans voted for Barack Obama.
70
About ________ percent of African Americans voted for Barack Obama in 2012.
95
Which of the following statements is true about political participation?
African Americans and Latinos are less likely to participate in politics than whites.
Which of the following occurs when one party becomes dominant after replacing another party that has dominated national politics for a lengthy period of time?
An electoral realignment
In 1964, the Republican Party presidential nominee, ________, espoused a number of ideas, such as less taxation and less government regulation of the economy, that became major themes for the modern Republican Party.
Barry Goldwater
The two major parties in the United States during the 1830s and 1840s were the ________ and the ________.
Democrats; Whigs
________ occurs when one party controls the presidency while another party controls one or both houses of Congress.
Divided party government
The first party system was characterized by conflict between the ________ and the ________.
Federalists; Jeffersonian Republicans
________ warned Americans against the dangers of political parties in his farewell address.
George Washington
Which of the following statements about voting rights is correct?
Many states have laws restricting the voting rights of persons convicted of felonies.
Which of the following statements about Organizing for America (OFA) is FALSE?
OFA has established offices in only three states: California, New York, and Massachusetts.
Which of the following statements about parties in Congress is FALSE?
Only members of the majority party are allowed to take part in the election of the Speaker of the House.
Which of the following statements about partisan identification in the United States is most accurate?
Party identification varies significantly by income, race, and gender.
From 1896 to 1932, the ________ Party was the nation's majority party.
Republican
Reconstruction after the Civil War was led by the ________ Party.
Republican
From the end of the Civil War to the 1890s, the ________ Party was the party of the North, while the ________ Party was the party of the South.
Republican; Democratic
Which of the following statements about party building is true?
Republicans have paid much more attention to party building than Democrats since the Eisenhower presidency.
Which of the following best indicated the downfall of the New Deal coalition?
Richard Nixon's election in 1968
The New Deal coalition was severely strained and ultimately broken apart by the ________.
Vietnam War and the issue of civil rights
Which of the following statements about voter identification laws is most accurate?
Voter identification laws in the states disproportionately affect minority citizens and the less affluent.
Which of the following statements is true about political participation?
Young people are far less likely to participate in politics than older people.
Compared with western Europe, the United States has ________ turnout in elections.
a lower
The Tea Party movement is
an organized challenge to incumbents in the Republican Party by the most conservative wing of the Republican Party.
During the late 1840s and early 1850s, both the Democratic and Whig parties were divided by
conflicts over slavery.
Which of the following is NOT a key factor affecting one's level of participation?
geographic region
An individual's psychological attachment to one party or another is called a party ________.
identification
It is likely that eliminating state-level voter registration laws would
increase voter turnout among younger people.
Which of the following characteristics constitutes one's socioeconomic status?
level of income, level of education, and prestige of occupation
Third-party candidates are better off under ________.
proportional representation
State ballot access laws, such as registration fees and petition requirements, have the effect of
reducing the number of third-party and independent candidates who can run for office.
During the 1980s, the Republicans added ________to their coalition.
religious conservatives and working-class whites
What issue led to the demise of the Whig Party?
slavery
Third parties in the United States typically represent
social and economic interests that are disregarded by the two major parties for certain reasons.
Women in the United States are ________ the ________ Party.
somewhat more likely to support; Democratic
Men in the United States are ________ the ________ Party.
somewhat more likely to support; Republican
Under the Constitution, ________ has/have the power to regulate elections.
state legislatures
A political party is an organization
that tries to influence the government by getting its members elected to office.
Dealignment refers to
the decline of partisan attachment within the electorate, the growth in the number of voters identifying themselves as independents, and the rise of split-ticket voting.
Which of the following is NOT part of a country's party system?
the laws that govern how much money parties can raise and spend in election campaigns
"Me too" Republicanism refers to
the tendency of Republican politicians during the New Deal to support popular programs such as Social Security rather than advocate alternative policies.
The United States began its tradition of ________ during the early nineteenth century.
the two-party system
The Federalist Party disappeared forever as a result of ________.
the war of 1812
Throughout its history, American politics has been dominated by ________ major political party/parties.
two
Incumbents in Congress
typically raise three times the money for their political campaigns than challengers.
________ is the single most important political act for most Americans.
voting
The Populist Party appealed to which of the following groups?
western mining interests, small farmers, and urban workers
Historically, realignments occur
when new issues combine with economic or political crises to mobilize new voters and persuade large numbers of voters to reexamine their traditional partisan loyalties.
What is the ultimate success for political parties?
winning elections
Which group was NOT a part of the New Deal coalition?
business leaders
________ is the single most important factor in predicting whether an individual votes.
education level
In 2012, both Barack Obama and Mitt Romney raised about ________ each in their respective campaigns.
$1 billion
In which of the following was there NOT an electoral realignment?
1994
As a third-party candidate, Ross Perot captured approximately ________ percent of the popular vote in the 1992 presidential election.
20
About ________ percent of eligible voters turn out for midterm congressional elections.
33
When Richard Nixon employed his "southern strategy," he
appealed to disaffected white voters in the South.
527 committees are an important part of the American political system because they
are able to raise and spend unlimited amounts of money as long as they do not coordinate their activities with a political party.