Chapter 7 Skeletal System
Ribs
o 12 pairs
Pelvic girdle
o 2 coxal, 2 sacrum
Pectoral girdle
o 2 scapulae, 2 clavicle
Sacrum
o 5 fused bones
Moving a part away from the midline
o Abduction
Moving a part toward the midline
o Adduction
Slightly moveable
o Amphiarthrotic
A fontanel can best be described as
o An area in the infants skull that is not ossified
Squamosal structure
o Between parietal and occipital
Lamboidal suture
o Between parietal and occipital bone
An osteocyte is
o Bone cell surrounded by matrix
Nasal bone
o Bridge of the nose
Compound fracture
o Broken bone is exposed to outside
Fluid filled sacs found between skin and underlying bony prominences are called
o Bursae
The salts that form tiny crystals in the intercellular matrix of bone tissue are mainly
o Calcium phosphate
atlas is one of the ___ vertebrae
o Cervical
Moving the finger in a circular motion without moving the hand
o Circumduction
A comminuted fracture is
o Complete and fragments the bone
Drooping the shoulders
o Depression
The shaft of a bone is called the
o Diaphysis
Freely movable
o Diarthrotic
Bending the foot upward
o Dorsiflexion
Turning the hand palm down
o Dorsiflexion
Acromegaly is caused by the excessive secretion of GIT
o During adulthood
Shrugging the shoulders
o Elevation
Straightening the lower limb at the knee
o Extension
Growth hormone is secreted by the thyroid gland
o False
Osteocytes become osteoblasts when they are completely surround by bony matrix
o False
The appendicular skeleton consists of the parts that support and protect the head, nick, and trunk
o False
The hip joint is a Condyloid joint
o False
The tarsal bones from the wrist
o False
Reducing the angle between the bones at a joint
o Flexion
Endochondral ossification involves ___ and intramembranous ossification involves forming bone ___
o Forming bone by replacing hyaline cartilage o Connective tissue
Pituary Dwarfism results from a decreased secretion in ___ hormone which results in a decreased reproduction of ___
o Growth o Cartilage cells (chondrocytes) in the Epiphyseal disk
Which of the following lists the steps of fracture repair in the correct order?
o Hematoma, soft callus, hard callus, remodeling
Articular cartilage is made of
o Hyaline cartilage
Which of the following is the name of the type of crystalline calcium compound found in bone matrix?
o Hydroxyapatite
Excess extension of the part of a joint
o Hyperextension
Bone that develops between sheet-like layers of connective tissue is called
o Intramembranous bone
Turning the foot so that the sole faces medially
o Inversion
The cartilaginous parts (fibrocartilage pads) that separate the vertebrae are
o Invertebratal disks
Mandible
o Jawbone
A person with a fractured patella would expect discomfort in the
o Knee
The microscopic bony chambers that house mature bone cells are called
o Lacunae
Which best describes the person most likely to develop osteoporosis
o Light skinned, post menopausal women
Which increases the risk of developing osteoporosis?
o Low intake of dietary calcium
The hard palate is composed of the
o Maxillae (and palatine) bones
Fibrocartilage disks that divide the joint into 2 or more compounds are
o Menisci
Vomer bone
o Nasal septum
The bone cells responsible for the remodeling of bone by removing bone tissue are
o Osteoclasts
Which of the following is not found in spongy bone?
o Osteons
You are fasting and your blood calcium level drops. What hormone responds to this crisis?
o Parathyroid
Which of the following is an example of intramembranous bone?
o Parietal
Vitamin D deficiency in children may result in
o Pickets
Bending the foot downward
o Plantar flexion
Cranium
o Protect brain
Thrusting the chin forward
o Protraction
Red bone marrow functions in the formation of
o Red and white blood cells and platelets
Hematopoietic is carried out in the
o Red bone marrow
Pull the chin backward
o Retraction
Moving a part around its axis
o Rotation
Which of the following is included in the pectoral girdle?
o Scapula
Tibia
o Shin bone
The bones of the wrist and ankle are classified as
o Short
Turning the hand palm up
o Supination
The skull bones are tightly joined along lines called
o Sutures
Which is NOT a synovial bone
o Synapses pubis
Immovable
o Synarthrotic
The tough, fibrous tissue that encloses a long bone is called
o The Periosteum
The presence of Epiphyseal disk indicates that
o The bone length is increasing
The effect of exercise on bones is to ___ and the ___ them
o Thicken o Strengthen
Femur
o Thigh bone
Which organ releases Calcitonin in response to a fluctuation in blood calcium levels?
o Thyroid gland
Compact bone is characterized by ___ whereas spongy bone is ___
o Tightly packed solid tissue that is strong o Resistant to bending Cancellous bone that reduces the weight of bone due to the arrangement
A meniscus functions to compartmentalize large joints such as the knee
o True
Osteoclasts are large cells that cause the breakdown of osseous tissue
o True
Synovial fluid moistens and lubricants the cartilaginous surfaces within a joint
o True
The elbow is an example of a hinge joint
o True
The joints between the tarsals and carpals are examples of gliding joints
o True
Vitamin D is needed for the proper absorption of calcium in the small intestine
o True
Ribs that attach to the sternum directly by costal cartilages are called
o True ribs
Which of the following bones is not included within the lower limb?
o Ulna
The medullary cavity of a long bone
o Usually contains yellow marrow, blood vessels and nerves, and red marrow
Which of the following is not included in the appendicular skeleton?
o Vertebral column
Zygomatic bone
Cheekbone
Which of the following is NOT a step in the formation of endochondral bone?
Hyaline cartilage changes to adipose tissue