Chapter 7

Explain the southern class structure.

1. Planters-owned larger plantations 2. Yeoman-ordinary farmers 3. Urban-doctors, lawyers,etc. 4. Poor-people with barren fields 5. African Americans-93% enslaved

How many enslaved people did planters have? What was the minimum amount of slaves they had?

20 or more

How did the Supreme Court ruling in Gibbons v. Ogden shape the future of American government?

Congress would have the right to regulate interstate commerce

Supporters of Andrew Jackson wanted to separate from the party of Adams. What did they call themselves?

Democratic republicans

What transportation project from Albany to Buffalo was completed in 1825?

Erie Canal

What was the corrupt bargain?

Henry Clay was accused of arranging votes for John Quincy Adams

How did the Tariff of 1816 nurture American manufacturers?

It gave taxing imports to drive up their prices

Why did cities grow in the United States during industrialization?

People started to flock to the cities to look for higher paying jobs than in the fields as a farmer.

Explain the Adams-Onis Treaty of 1819.

Spain ceded all of Florida to the U.S. after being put under pressure from their turmoil.

Describe the first "iron horses."

They went 10 mph and were very dirty and EXTREMELY dangerous.

Why did the Boston Manufacturing Company, a huge textile mill, employ mostly women and children?

Unlike men, who went looking for industrial jobs with higher wages, women and children would take lower wages.

What was the solution that emerged in the Missouri Compromise?

an amendment proposed prohibiting slavery in the Louisiana Purchase territory north of of Missouri's southern border

What was the labor system for large plantations?

gang system

What did the limited liability provision of incorporation laws mean?

if a person bought stock, they would not be responsible if it goes bankrupt

What are internal improvements?

improvements within a country

How was the steamboat an improvement over barges?

it could travel upstream

Describe a cotton gin.

machine that quickly and efficiently combed the seeds out of cotton bolls

How did the Supreme Court ruling in Martin v. Hunter's Lessee shape the future of American government?

national government > state government

What did Henry Clay get?

secretary of state position

Explain what happened in the election of 1824.

showed how splintered the parties were becoming with mudslinging

What is the gang system?

slaves were organized into work gangs that labored from sunup to sundown

Describe all aspects of the Missouri Compromise. What did the accepted amendments state?

state constitution prohibiting free African Americans from entering the state

What was the labor system for farms and small plantations?

task system

How did John Quincy Adams want to use federal funds?

to expand internal improvements

What did the Supreme Court rule in Commonwealth v. Hunt?

union strikes are legal

How did the Supreme Court ruling in McCulloch v. Maryland shape the future of American government?

upheld constitutionality of the bank of the United States; "implied powers" provided congress more flexibility to enact legislation

What is the task system?

workers were given a specific set of jobs to accomplish everyday and worked till these were complete