Chapter 7
Explain the southern class structure.
1. Planters-owned larger plantations 2. Yeoman-ordinary farmers 3. Urban-doctors, lawyers,etc. 4. Poor-people with barren fields 5. African Americans-93% enslaved
How many enslaved people did planters have? What was the minimum amount of slaves they had?
20 or more
How did the Supreme Court ruling in Gibbons v. Ogden shape the future of American government?
Congress would have the right to regulate interstate commerce
Supporters of Andrew Jackson wanted to separate from the party of Adams. What did they call themselves?
Democratic republicans
What transportation project from Albany to Buffalo was completed in 1825?
Erie Canal
What was the corrupt bargain?
Henry Clay was accused of arranging votes for John Quincy Adams
How did the Tariff of 1816 nurture American manufacturers?
It gave taxing imports to drive up their prices
Why did cities grow in the United States during industrialization?
People started to flock to the cities to look for higher paying jobs than in the fields as a farmer.
Explain the Adams-Onis Treaty of 1819.
Spain ceded all of Florida to the U.S. after being put under pressure from their turmoil.
Describe the first "iron horses."
They went 10 mph and were very dirty and EXTREMELY dangerous.
Why did the Boston Manufacturing Company, a huge textile mill, employ mostly women and children?
Unlike men, who went looking for industrial jobs with higher wages, women and children would take lower wages.
What was the solution that emerged in the Missouri Compromise?
an amendment proposed prohibiting slavery in the Louisiana Purchase territory north of of Missouri's southern border
What was the labor system for large plantations?
gang system
What did the limited liability provision of incorporation laws mean?
if a person bought stock, they would not be responsible if it goes bankrupt
What are internal improvements?
improvements within a country
How was the steamboat an improvement over barges?
it could travel upstream
Describe a cotton gin.
machine that quickly and efficiently combed the seeds out of cotton bolls
How did the Supreme Court ruling in Martin v. Hunter's Lessee shape the future of American government?
national government > state government
What did Henry Clay get?
secretary of state position
Explain what happened in the election of 1824.
showed how splintered the parties were becoming with mudslinging
What is the gang system?
slaves were organized into work gangs that labored from sunup to sundown
Describe all aspects of the Missouri Compromise. What did the accepted amendments state?
state constitution prohibiting free African Americans from entering the state
What was the labor system for farms and small plantations?
task system
How did John Quincy Adams want to use federal funds?
to expand internal improvements
What did the Supreme Court rule in Commonwealth v. Hunt?
union strikes are legal
How did the Supreme Court ruling in McCulloch v. Maryland shape the future of American government?
upheld constitutionality of the bank of the United States; "implied powers" provided congress more flexibility to enact legislation
What is the task system?
workers were given a specific set of jobs to accomplish everyday and worked till these were complete