Chapter 8 Abnormal psychology corrections

Sigmund Freud's view was that hysterial stemmed from an unresolved___

...

About what percent of the U.S. population experience insomnia in a given year?

25 percent

A friend says, Im going to get some therapy to help reduce my headaches. What do you suggest? Based on current research on the effectiveness of treatments for stress related physical disorders, your BEST answer would be:

A combination of psychotherapy and drug therapy works better than any therapy by itself

A friend says to you, I feel like I'm stressed out and sick all the time. What kind of person is LEAST likely to have an immune system as weak as mine?

An optimist who is highly spiritual

Based on evidence from case studies, the BEST advice you could give someonw who is experiencing a conversion disorder about seeking treatment is:

Approaches using suggestion, reinforcement, and confrontation are often used

In the latter half of the nineteenth centur, a person who today is diagnosed with somatic symptom disorder would MOST likely have been diagnosed with :

Briquet's syndrome

The form of factitious disorder caused when a caregiver induces symptoms in a child is called _

Muchauen syndrome by proxy

Sarah brings her young daughter into the emergency room with internal bleeding. The attending physician later concludes that Sarah caused the symptoms in her daughter intentionally, caused by a need to gain attention and praise for her devoted care of her sick child. If this assessment is correct, Sarah would be diagnosed as having:

Munchausen syndrome by proxy

Which statement BEST reflects our understanding of hysterical disorders?

The causes of hysterical disorders are poorly understood, with no theory predominate in aiding understanding.

What kind of evidence is there in the Poverty clinic article that early interventions with children raised in stressful, traumatic evironments are successful?

The evidence has not yet showed the superiority of any particular form of therapy

Which of the following is TRUE about factitious disorders?

Those with factitious disorder are not trying to achieve some external gain by faking illness

Nadia is not a quitter. Always in quest of the deal, she is aggressive, hard-working, and ambitious. Her personalitity would BEST be described as

Type A

The personality style that is More likely to be related to heart disease is called the____

Type A personality

Of the following, the individual at MOST risk of developing heart disease is:

Type A, hostile

Albert is relaxed and in control. Nothing seems to faze him for long. His personality would BEST be described as___

Type B

A friend says to you, I'm thinking about using a psychological procedure to help me deal with my severe back pain. what do you think I should I do? Based on research evidence, your Best answer is

Use whichever one you want, but include medical treatment, too

Residents of Japan are more likely than residents of the United States to show higher rates of somatic complaints, MOST likely reflecting:

a Western bias that sees somatization as an inferior way to handle emotions

Someone who has Munchausen syndrome, by definition , also has:

a factitious disorder

A friend of yours has been diagnosed as having a high risk for coronary heart disease. His high risk is MOST likely due to:

an interaction of psychosocial and physiological factors

Foreign invaders of the body that stimulate a response from the immune system are called:

antigens

It seems to me that people with illness anxiety disorder simply model what they see others doing. A person with which theoretical view would be MOST likely to say this?

behavioral

The first time the patient reported vague chest pains to 911, local EMTs responded with obvious attention and concern. OVer the months, the patient called 911 more an more often, receiving the same concerned care for the same symptoms. This pattern of patient response is MOST easily explained by which theoretical perspective ?

behavioral

Therapist who combine psychotherapy with physical approaches in the prevention or treatment of medical problems are practing___

behavioral medicine

As the client with hypertension's blood pressure drops below a target level, a light blinks. Once the light starts blinking. the client tries to keep the light blinking. This client is undergoing___

biofeedback

Narcolepsy is a:

biological disorder often triggered by strong emotions

Increasingly concerned about my minor heartbeat irregularities, I think that my health is being threatened, and more and more oftern I misinterpret my body normal signals. Which viewpoint BEST explains my experiences?

cognitive

You should work on replacing those negative self statements with coping self statements, says a therapist whose view is MOST likely :

cognitive

That people with somatic symptom disorders use their symptoms to express emotions tht they cannot easily express otherwise reflects the:

cognitive view

Albert had finally had enough of his inability to walk, and he went to a psychologist who told him there was nothing medically wrong. The therapist was using th treatment approach of :

confrontation

meditation hypnosis and cognitive interventions are all useful in

controlling pain

A person experiencing blindness, paralysis, or loss of feeling may also be said to be displaying:

conversion disorder

Beauregard saw his parents killed and the next morning he could not see. This an example of a

conversion disorder

disorders that represent the conversion of conflicts and anxiety into physical symptoms would include

conversion disorders

somatic symptom disorders differ from conversion disorders in that

conversions disorders usually last less time

As the migraine headache begins, the patient thinks, Ok, I've dealt with this before; I can handle it again now. I need to keep active. A psycholigst with a cognitive view would call the patients thoughts

coping self statements

Researchers have found a link between TYPE A personality and:

coronary heart disease

African Americans rate all of the following is MORe stressful than white Americans do, EXCEPT for

death of a spouse

Surveys show that people are LEASt likely to do which of the following in order to relieve stress?

drink alcholic beverages

Which of the following is a MAIN characteristic of an individual with Munchausen syndrome by proxy?

emotionally needy

Which of the following would you NOT find on the Social Readjustment Rating Scale?

exercise

bayview Child Health Center's medical director, Nadine Burke, has gathered data that suggest children growing up in very stressful environments:

experience changes in brain chemistry, which make psychological adjustment more difficult

Munchausen syndrome is a:

factitious disorder

People with___travel from hospital to hospital, gaining admission and receiving treatment for symptoms they caused intentionally themselves

factitious disorder/Munchausen syndrome

A disorder involving an apparent, but not actual physical illness is called__

factitious disorder/somatic symptom disorder/conversion disorder

Compared to white Americans and African Americans, Hispanic Americans have the lowest prevalences:

for both cancer and high blood pressure

one of the dangers of a diagnosis of conversion disorder is that the mysterious ori

genuine medical problems

If your parent has just been diagnosed with essential hypertension, the physician would think your parent's hypertension:

has both physical and psychological causes

Which of the following aspects of TYPE A personality make a person MOST vulnerable to heart disease?

hostility and time urgency

A person feels well rested during the day, does not have burning sensations in the stomach, and is experiencing a great deal of stress. If you are told this person has a psychophysiological disorder, your BEST guess about what the disorder is would be:

hypertension

A state of chronic high blood pressure is also called_____

hypertension

People who suffer from___ unrealistically and fearfully interpret relatively minor physical discomforts as signs of serious illness.

hypochondriaisis, illness anxiety disorder

Medical students disease, which is the tendency for medical students to experience the symptoms of diseases they are studying, is MOST similar to:

illness anxiety disorder

After a seriously stressful life event, people are at risk because of the effect of stresss on the ___

immune system

Rene Descartes mind body dualism is

inconsisten with modern views of the relationship between the mind and bodily illnesses

Discuss the following aspects of Munchausen syndrome: list DSM-5 criteria for diagnosis; populations prone to developing the disorder; causes of the disorder. additionally, list DSM-5 criteria for diagnosis; discuss reasons the disorder occurs and why

is it is difficult to diagnose.

An individual develops somatic symptom disorder after a near fatal crash. The diagnosis:

is less likely to be somatization pattern than predominant pain pattern

Conversion disorders MOST often appear between:

late childhood and young adulthood

About what percentage of American men experience a somatic symptom disorder in a given year?

less than 1 percent

Compared to white Americans and African Americans, Hispanic Americans have:

lower rates of high blood pressure and lower rates of high cholesterol

an individual who has been diagnosed with a somatic symptom disorder would most likely first seek

medical help

extremely severe and often immobilizin pain located on one side of the head, often accompanied by dizziness an d nausea, is called a_____ headache.

migraine

the relationship between gender and somatic symptom disorder generally is that

more women that men are diagnosed with both somatization pattern and predominant pain pattern forms of somatic symptom disorder

A friend of yours has just been diagnosed with a dyssomnia. Your friend's particular diagnosis could be any of the following EXCEPT:

nightmare disorder

A highly stressed individual is experiencing impaired immune system function. MOST likely, the neurotransmitter contributing to this impairment is ___

norepinephrine

the reduction in activity of the immune system when a person is under stress is related to the activity of the neurotransmitter

norepinephrine

the poverty clinic provides evidence that a stressful traumatic early childhood

often produces both psychological and physical problems

Recent research shows that high levels of anxiety and other emotional problems among those living in poverty may be caused by:

physiological changes resulting from stress

From a psychodynamic perspective, people whose symptoms keep their internal conflicts from emerging into consciousness achieve___ gain

primary

Anormalities that are though to have biological and psychological causes are:

psychological factors affecting one's medical condition

According to recent research, the interaction betwwen social and physical factors may contribute to the development of____ disorders

psychophysiological

a biofeedback procedure involving an electromyography (emg) most likely would be used to

reduce painful muscle tension

Behavioral therapist treating a conversion disorder would be MOST likely to focus on:

reducing the rewards available for diplaying the disorder

A person whose symptoms fulfill some external need, such as avoiding something unpleasant, is achieving___ gain

secondary

It was convenient when Rowena awoke blind. She had been terrified about testifying and now she did not have to. This is an example of:

secondary gain

A person diagnosed with sleep apnea is MOST likely to be someone who:

snores and overweight

Which of the following is Most supported by current research?

social support seems to aid recovery in cancer patients

Madeline appeared at the clinic complaining of pain in her knee, shoulder, and abdomen, nausea and vomiting, blurred vision, and exhaustion. The patient history revealed that she had been going to clinics for years trying to get treatment for these complaints and a host of other physical symptoms. The diagnostic consensus was that Madeline suffered from:

somatic symptom disorder

The patient had several surgeries over the years for vague and nonspecific exaul reproductive problems, visiting mnay of the top hospitals in the East during the course of treatment. The BEST diagnosis for this disorder is:

somatic symptom disorder

if you looked in jeannette medicine cabinet, you would find dozens of prescriptions and even more over the counter medications. Every time she sneezes, Jeanette is sure she has the lastest deadly flu, although no physician has ever found anything wrong with her Jeanette probably suffers from:

somatic symptom disorder

A MAJOR finding of the research conducted by Homes and Rahe is that common daily adjustments can produce____

stress

A graph that shows a spike in deaths due to heart attacks on the day in which a community experienced a significant disaster demonstrates that:

stress plays an important role in coronary heart disease and deaths

Which of the following is likely to be useful in distinguishing conversion or somatic symptom disorders from true medical problems?

the failure of a condition to develop as expected

Research using the Social Readjustment Rating Scale indicates that:

the greater the life stress, the greater the chance of illness

If you were working in the field of psychoneuroimmunology, you would be studying:

the links between stress and illness

One of the MAIn findings from the research on the relationship between psychology and physical illness is:

ther is a strong relationship betwwen psychology and phsical illness

the main criticism of the behavioral and psychodynamic explanations for the maintenance of hysterical disorders is that

they can't explain how the gains can outweigh the pain of the disorder

Lesions or holes that form in the lining of the stomach or duodenum and result in burning sensations or pain are called____

ulcers

Which of the following would lead you to suspect a conversion disorder than than medical symptoms?

uniform an even numbness in the damaged hand

According to bayview Child Health Center's medical director, Nadine Burke, the BEST approach to use with children who have experienced difficult, traumatic lives is to:

use a combination of medical and psychological assessment and treatment

According to your text, relaxation training, meditation, and biofeedback have each been used for the treatment of all of the following EXCEPT:

viral infections

If you are similar to most other people, which of the following are you MOST likely to do to relieve stress?

watch TV, read, or listen to music

If you have a high level of cytokines, we know that:

you are at reater risk for heart disease, stroke, and other illnesses