Chapter 8: Chemical Equations and Reactions

Balance the Equation Al + Fe2O3 => Al2O3 + Fe

2Al + Fe2O3 => Al2O3 + 2Fe

Collision Theory states that particles will react if they do what 3 things?

Collide, collide with enough energy, and collide with a favorable orientation

Pb(CH3COO)2 + H2S => PbS +CH3COOH

Pb(CH3COO)2 + H2S => PbS + 2CH3COOH

Five types of chemical reations

Synthesis, Decomposition, Single Replacement, Double replacement, combustion

Identify the type of Equation C7H8 + 9O2 => ICO2 + 4H2O

combustion

Identify the type of equation Zn + S => ZnS

synthesis

Double Replacement

the ions of two compounds exchange places to form two new compounds

Activation engergy

the minimum quantity of energy that the reacting species must possess in order to undergo a specified reaction.

What is a percipitate

to form an insoluble compound either by reacting two salts or by changing the temperature to affect the solubility of the compound.

Synthesis

two or more substances react to form a single substance

Decomposition

a single compound is broken down into two or more simpler products. Most require energy

Combustion

a substance reacts with oxygen, releasing heat and light

Single Replacement

a free element replaces an ion in a compound. Metals replace other metal ions or hydrogen. Nonmetals replace nonmetals

Identify the type of Equation AgNO3 + KI => AgI + KNO3

double replacement

Law of Conservation of Mass

The law of conservation of mass states that mass in an isolated system is neither created nor destroyed by chemical reactions or physical transformations.

4 factors that affect reaction rate and their effect

1. Temperature: higher the temp. the higher the rate 2. Concentration: higher the concentration, the higher the rate 3. Particle Size: as particle size goes down, surface area and rate go up 4. Catalyst: they lower the activation energy needed to react

Balance the Equation H2 +Cl2 => HCl

H2 +Cl2 => 2HCl

In a chemical equation, where is a catalyst written?

The catalyst can be included in the reactants side of the chemical formula, or written above the arrow to indicate its presence in the reaction.

Identify the type of Equation 2HgO => 2Hg + O2

decomposition

Identify the type of Equation Mg(OH)2 => MgO + H2O

decomposition