Chapter 8: Chemical Equations and Reactions
Balance the Equation Al + Fe2O3 => Al2O3 + Fe
2Al + Fe2O3 => Al2O3 + 2Fe
Collision Theory states that particles will react if they do what 3 things?
Collide, collide with enough energy, and collide with a favorable orientation
Pb(CH3COO)2 + H2S => PbS +CH3COOH
Pb(CH3COO)2 + H2S => PbS + 2CH3COOH
Five types of chemical reations
Synthesis, Decomposition, Single Replacement, Double replacement, combustion
Identify the type of Equation C7H8 + 9O2 => ICO2 + 4H2O
combustion
Identify the type of equation Zn + S => ZnS
synthesis
Double Replacement
the ions of two compounds exchange places to form two new compounds
Activation engergy
the minimum quantity of energy that the reacting species must possess in order to undergo a specified reaction.
What is a percipitate
to form an insoluble compound either by reacting two salts or by changing the temperature to affect the solubility of the compound.
Synthesis
two or more substances react to form a single substance
Decomposition
a single compound is broken down into two or more simpler products. Most require energy
Combustion
a substance reacts with oxygen, releasing heat and light
Single Replacement
a free element replaces an ion in a compound. Metals replace other metal ions or hydrogen. Nonmetals replace nonmetals
Identify the type of Equation AgNO3 + KI => AgI + KNO3
double replacement
Law of Conservation of Mass
The law of conservation of mass states that mass in an isolated system is neither created nor destroyed by chemical reactions or physical transformations.
4 factors that affect reaction rate and their effect
1. Temperature: higher the temp. the higher the rate 2. Concentration: higher the concentration, the higher the rate 3. Particle Size: as particle size goes down, surface area and rate go up 4. Catalyst: they lower the activation energy needed to react
Balance the Equation H2 +Cl2 => HCl
H2 +Cl2 => 2HCl
In a chemical equation, where is a catalyst written?
The catalyst can be included in the reactants side of the chemical formula, or written above the arrow to indicate its presence in the reaction.
Identify the type of Equation 2HgO => 2Hg + O2
decomposition
Identify the type of Equation Mg(OH)2 => MgO + H2O
decomposition
