Chapter 8 social studies

Jefferson and his cabinet were able to reduce the huge national debt. Name two ways in which government spending was reduced.

They cut the size of the army and navy, reduced the national debt, and kept the number of government workers low.

In August 1814, which city did the British march on and burn and destroy? Why did they do this?

They marched on Washington D.C. and wanted to destroy every part of the U.S. Government.

What was the Treaty of Ghent?

This was a peace agreement between the United States and Britain that ended the War of 1812

One final battle was fought after the peace treaty was signed but before word reached the United States of the peace agreement. What was this battle called? Who won this battle? Who was the commander in this battle?

This was the Battle of New Orleans. Andrew Jackson was the commander of this battle, the Americans won.

Who did Thomas Jefferson send to explore the Louisiana Territory?

Thomas Jefferson sent LEWIS and CLARK to explore the new Louisiana Territory.

Who won the Presidential election of 1800? Who lost?

Thomas Jefferson won. Burr lost.

Who was the United States at war with beginning in 1812? Where did the fighting take place?

Beginning in 1812 the United States was at war with BRITAIN. Fighting took place in the United States, in Canada, and at SEA.

How did the conflict in Europe help the American shipping industry prosper?

By remaining neutral, the U.S. could trade with both France and Britain. Both countries kept most of their trading ships in port to avoid capture, so Americans increased their trade.

What were the only 3 things that Jefferson believed should be the government's responsibility?

Conduct a population census, operate the postal service and deliver mail, and collecting customs duties.

Why were the Mississippi River and New Orleans important to the United States?

Farmers needed to ship their goods down the Mississippi River to New Orleans to get them to markets.

Why did the Federalist Party lose support after the War of 1812?

It looked unpatriotic because it had opposed the war and wanted to amend the Constitution.

John Marshall, chief justice of the U.S. Supreme court first used Judicial Review. What is Judicial Review?

Judicial review is the right of the Supreme Court to review and rule on acts of other branches of government.

Jefferson believed in a policy in which government plays a small role in the economic and financial concerns of a country. What was this policy called?

Laissez Faire

On June 1, 1812, James Madison asked Congress for a declaration of war. Why did he ask this? Who was he declaring war against?

Madison asked congress to declare war because he felt that it was inevitable, meaning that it would happen whether they wanted it to or not. He declared war against the British.

How do you think the Lewis and Clark expedition helped to prepare people who wanted to move west? Provide at least two examples that we have talked about in Chapter 8.

Some answers may include providing maps, descriptions, and locations of landforms, locations and information about native American groups, distribution of animals and plants.

Who was Tecumseh? Why did he create the Native American Confederacy?

Tecumseh was a powerful Shawnee chief. He build the confederacy because he believed that a strong alliance, with the backing of the British in Canada, could put a halt to white movement onto Native American lands.

Who won the battle of Lake Champlain? Why was this battle important?

The Americans won. It secured the northern border of the United States and persuaded Britain to end the War of 1812

How did frontier battles with Native Americans intensify Americans' anti-British feelings?

The British sided with Native Americans; this interference angered many Americans.

Who were the Warhawks?

The War Hawks came from the Southern and Western U.S. and they pressured President Madison to go to war.

Who were the candidates who were hoping to become the 4th president of the United States?

The candidates who were hoping to become the 4th President of the United States were James Madison and Charles Pickney. James Madison won with 122 electoral votes to Pickney's 47. It was a landslide victory.

How was the deadlock in the presidential election of 1800 finally resolved?

The election of 1800 was DEADLOCKED, or tied. Both Jefferson and Burr received 73 electoral votes, so the House of Representatives had to decide the election.

Why did Americans from the North, South, and West feel differently about going to war with Britain?

Westerners and Southerners thought war might make more land available and wanted to avenge British actions against Americans. Northerners saw little benefit from the war

How did the judicial branch under Jefferson serve as a check on the executive and legislative branches?

With the establishment of judicial review, the Supreme Court could review and rule on acts of other branches of government.

What were 2 of Thomas Jefferson's goals as president?

a wise and frugal government" and "support of state governments in all their rights"