Chapter 8

The toddler refuses to take his oral medication. What is the best suggestion to the mother from the nurse for ensuring the toddler receives his medication? - "Tell him you will buy him a toy if he takes the medication." - "Crush the tablet and mix it with a small amount of jam." - "Crush the tablet and mix it with milk." - "Tell him he will be punished if he does not take the medicine."

"Crush the tablet and mix it with a small amount of jam."

A nurse has provided discharge medication instructions to the parents of a child being released from the emergency department. The nurse evaluates that learning has occurred when the parents make which statements? Note: Credit will be given only if all correct choices and no incorrect choices are selected. Select all that apply. - "I should give this antibiotic as prescribed until the bottle is empty." - "I should use a spoon to give this medication." - "I will keep this medication in the refrigerator as the label directs." - "If my child develops any adverse effects, I will discard the rest of the medicine." - "This antibiotic should help to clear my child's infection."

"I should give this antibiotic as prescribed until the bottle is empty." "I will keep this medication in the refrigerator as the label directs." "This antibiotic should help to clear my child's infection."

The nurse preparing to transfer to a pediatric hospital would expect to administer medications to children from birth to age ________ years. Record your answer rounding to the nearest whole number.

16

21) The nurse understands that drug therapy is postponed until after pregnancy and lactation when possible. Which of the following acute and chronic conditions may be managed with drugs during pregnancy? Note: Credit will be given only if all correct choices and no incorrect choices are selected. Select all that apply. - Epilepsy - Serious cystic acne - Sexually transmitted infections - Gestational diabetes - Hypertension

Epilepsy Sexually transmitted infections Gestational diabetes Hypertension

A nurse working in an obstetric practice should consider which fact when discussing medication use with pregnant clients? - Inhaled drugs may be absorbed to a greater extent. - Drug excretion rates are lowered. - Oral drug absorption rate is lowered. - Drugs should not be used during pregnancy.

Inhaled drugs may be absorbed to a greater extent.

The nurse plans to teach a safety class to parents of toddlers about household exposure to medications. What should the nurse include? Note: Credit will be given only if all correct choices and no incorrect choices are selected. Select all that apply. - Keep the toddler awake and observe for side effects of the medication. - Keep all medications locked up and stored out of reach of the toddler. - Use syrup of ipecac immediately if the toddler has ingested medication. - Call the Poison Control Center for guidance with any medication ingested. - Teach the toddler that medications are for adult use only.

Keep all medications locked up and stored out of reach of the toddler. Call the Poison Control Center for guidance with any medication ingested.

The clinic nurse will immediately alert the healthcare provider when which category X drugs are identified on the medication record of a recently diagnosed pregnant patient? Note: Credit will be given only if all correct choices and no incorrect choices are selected. Select all that apply. - Tetracycline - ACE inhibitor antihypertensive medication - Methotrexate - Isotretinoin (Accutane) - Oral contraceptives

Methotrexate Isotretinoin (Accutane) Oral contraceptives

A pregnant client suspected of drug abuse is admitted to the emergency department. The nurse plans to teach the client about which complications associated with drug use during pregnancy? Note: Credit will be given only if all correct choices and no incorrect choices are selected. Select all that apply. - Preterm birth - Low birth weight - Birth defects - Allergies to narcotics - Increased labor

Preterm birth Low birth weight Birth defects

The adolescent is supposed to go to the school nurse at 12:00 to receive his medication for attention-deficit/ hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). He often does not go for the medication. What best describes the nurse's understanding of this situation? - The adolescent is embarrassed in front of his peers. - The adolescent does not understand the need for the medication. - The adolescent forgets that he is supposed to take the medication. - The adolescent has made a conscious decision not to take the medication.

The adolescent is embarrassed in front of his peers.

A client presents with hypotension and bradycardia. The client indicates that one of her healthcare providers recently prescribed three new medications to her current list of 10 medications per day. Based on this information, which statement would be the most accurate? - The client is having an allergic reaction to one of the new medications. - The client is experiencing adverse reactions as a result of polypharmacy. - The client is not in compliance with her prescribed medications. - The client is experiencing an adverse effect that will go away in time.

The client is experiencing adverse reactions as a result of polypharmacy.

For which client would the nurse expect the healthcare provider to continue prescribed medications during pregnancy? Note: Credit will be given only if all correct choices and no incorrect choices are selected. Select all that apply. - The client recently diagnosed with gonorrhea - The client with a history of frequent asthma attacks - The client with hypertension - The client with frequent insomnia - The client with a family history of stroke

The client recently diagnosed with gonorrhea The client with a history of frequent asthma attacks The client with hypertension

The nurse teaching a pre-conception class would tell participants that they should be most careful about exposure to drugs during which stage of pregnancy? Each stage is equal in risk Preimplantation period Third trimester Embryonic

embryonic

A nurse is preparing to administer medications to a pregnant client. Which classification of drugs would the nurse refuse to administer? Category A Category B Cautionary Teratogenic

tertatogenic

An adolescent client comes to the school nurse with complaints of vague abdominal pain. What statement by the student would help to confirm the nurse's suspicion that the adolescent has body image concerns? - "Everyone makes a big deal about what I eat, so don't ask." - "I have been sexually active with my boyfriend." - "My periods are irregular. Should I see a physician?" - "I just can't seem to get along with my parents."

"Everyone makes a big deal about what I eat, so don't ask."

The pregnant client plans to breastfeed her baby. She asks the nurse about the use of herbal products during breastfeeding. What is the best response by the nurse? - "Be sure to check the label to see if the herbal product could be used during breastfeeding." - "Most drugs can be transferred to the infant during breastfeeding, so this is not recommended." - "Herbal products are considered natural, so it should be fine to use them during breastfeeding." - "This should be fine, as long as there is at least 12 hours between the time you use the product and when you breastfeed."

"Most drugs can be transferred to the infant during breastfeeding, so this is not recommended."

The nurse is planning care for a pregnant client prone to substance abuse. When the client states, "My baby isn't getting my drugs, I am," how does the nurse respond? Note: Credit will be given only if all correct choices and no incorrect choices are selected. Select all that apply. - "Most illicit drugs will cross the placenta and hurt the baby." - "Drugs may work longer in your baby." - "Some drugs result in your baby not growing enough." - "You are correct. You are far enough along in your pregnancy that drugs will not harm your baby." - "If you continue to take drugs, it will make you have a large infant."

"Most illicit drugs will cross the placenta and hurt the baby." "Drugs may work longer in your baby." "Some drugs result in your baby not growing enough."

The nurse teaches a class about medication used during pregnancy to pregnant women. The nurse determines that additional instruction is required when a class participant makes which response? - "The baby can only be harmed by medications during the first trimester." - "It is important to not take over-the-counter (OTC) drugs during my pregnancy." - "Exposure to teratogens can result in my baby's death or in malformations." - "If I breastfeed my baby, drugs can come through my breast milk."

"The baby can only be harmed by medications during the first trimester."

The pregnant client tells the nurse that her prescribed medication is not as effective as it was before her pregnancy. What is the best response by the nurse? - "This is because your blood volume has increased." - "Tell me how you have been taking your medication." - "This is because your baby is receiving part of the medication." - "Maybe the medication has expired; check the label."

"This is because your blood volume has increased."

The nurse is teaching a support group for caretakers of older adult clients. The focus is medication compliance. The nurse determines that learning has occurred when the caregivers make which response? - "We should crush their medicine and put it in applesauce so they will swallow it." - "We should use a medication management box so they won't forget to take it." - "We should ask the doctor if all the medication is really necessary." - "We should give them more education about the medicine so they will take it."

"We should use a medication management box so they won't forget to take it."

A woman who wishes to become pregnant is concerned about the drugs she must take in order to treat a serious medical condition. The nurse reviewing the drug list would be most concerned about which kind of drug? - A drug with a long half-life - A drug with no active metabolites - A drug with high protein-binding ability - A drug taken only when needed

A drug with a long half-life

A nurse is preparing to administer medications to a school-age child. What would the nurse do? - Allow the child to make decisions regarding how medications are taken. - Provide a brief explanation on why the medication is important. - Administer drugs while holding the child down. - Provide a lengthy explanation followed by quick drug administration.

Allow the child to make decisions regarding how medications are taken.

A nursing instructor is teaching nursing students about the FDA Pregnancy Drug Categories. The instructor asks the students to what category a drug for which research has shown an adverse effect in animals but not in pregnant women would be categorized as. The instructor knows learning has occurred with which student response? Category A Category B Category D Category C

B

A nursing student asks a nurse how pharmacotherapy in the older adult is different than a middle-aged adult. How would the nurse respond? - Increased body water can lead to a higher risk of drug toxicity. - Plasma levels are increased, leading to a heightened drug response. - Generally, drug doses should be increased due to prolonged drug metabolism. - Drug absorption is slower due to increased gastric pH.

Drug absorption is slower due to increased gastric pH.

A nurse is reviewing medication records of older adults living in extended care. Which concepts about the pharmacotherapy of older adults should be considered? Note: Credit will be given only if all correct choices and no incorrect choices are selected. Select all that apply. - Plasma-binding of drugs is greater in those over age 65. - Drug distribution is slowed in the older adult. - The half-life of many drugs is lessened in older adults. - First-pass metabolism is reduced in the older adult. - Changes in the kidney may result in decreased drug excretion.

Drug distribution is slowed in the older adult. First-pass metabolism is reduced in the older adult. Changes in the kidney may result in decreased drug excretion.

The nursing instructor teaches student nurses about the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) Pregnancy Categories. What should the nurse include? Note: Credit will be given only if all correct choices and no incorrect choices are selected. Select all that apply. - Food and Drug Administration (FDA) Pregnancy Category C is safe to use during pregnancy. - Food and Drug Administration (FDA) Pregnancy categories provide a framework for safe use of drugs in pregnant women. - Food and Drug Administration (FDA) Pregnancy categories for individual drugs seldom change once they are established. - Food and Drug Administration (FDA) Pregnancy categories are based on studies using clinical human research trials. - Food and Drug Administration (FDA) Pregnancy Category X has been associated with teratogenic effects.

Food and Drug Administration (FDA) Pregnancy categories provide a framework for safe use of drugs in pregnant women. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) Pregnancy Category X has been associated with teratogenic effects.

The nurse is preparing a teaching plan for a postpartum mother. The nurse plans to include which topics regarding breastfeeding? Note: Credit will be given only if all correct choices and no incorrect choices are selected. Select all that apply. - Most medications are secreted into breast milk. - Dietary supplements should be avoided. - Herbal products are secreted into breast milk and have the potential to cause harm to the infant. - All tobacco products should be avoided. - Most drugs are safe to take right after breastfeeding because they will clear the bloodstream prior to the next feeding.

Most medications are secreted into breast milk. Dietary supplements should be avoided. Herbal products are secreted into breast milk and have the potential to cause harm to the infant. All tobacco products should be avoided.

The nurse will administer medication to a school-age child. What is the best action by the nurse? - Teach the child the action and expected side effects of the medication. - Tell the child he will not be allowed to go to recess if the medication is not taken. - Offer the child a choice of beverage with which to take the medication. - Offer to play with the child prior to medication administration.

Offer the child a choice of beverage with which to take the medication.

The nurse provides care for elderly clients in an assisted living facility. What does the nurse assess as a primary contributing factor for drug toxicity in the elderly? - Older adults often abuse alcohol. - Older adults are frequently dehydrated. - Older adults are frequently constipated. - Older adults have decreased stomach acid.

Older adults are frequently dehydrated.

nurse is providing care to a client who wears bilateral hearing aids. Which nursing interventions are indicated? Note: Credit will be given only if all correct choices and no incorrect choices are selected. Select all that apply. - Speak a bit slower than normal. - Speak more loudly than normal. - Ensure that verbal and nonverbal communication is congruent. - Allow extra time for communication. - Use bright lighting in the room.

Speak a bit slower than normal. Ensure that verbal and nonverbal communication is congruent. Allow extra time for communication.

The nurse plans to administer medication to a preschool child. Which approach indicates the nurse has an understanding of growth and development? - The child is often more cooperative if the parent is not in the room. - The child does better with verbal instruction than with play instruction. - There should be no need to restrain a child of this age. - Use a brief rationale, followed by quick administration of the medication.

Use a brief rationale, followed by quick administration of the medication.