Chapter 9 questions
In order to make a prima facie case of nullification and impairment, a claimant must prove that the action has trade effects.
F
In the dispute regarding the European Union's importation of Latin American bananas, the dispute panel found no disparity in tariffs on the European Union's part.
F
Normal trade relations provides that a nation cannot negotiate a preferential trade agreement with another nation.
F
One of the primary objectives of GATT is the elimination of all quotas and quantitative restraints.
F
Quotas serve to increase the amount of imports of a product.
F
The 1947 GATT provided stiff penalties for the misuse of intellectual property.
F
The GATT dispute panel found the continuing use of quotas on beef in Korea was justified
F
The Trade Agreements Act of 1979 contains a provision allowing standard-setting by the U.S. government on private U.S. firms.
F
The Uruguay round of tariff negotiations was the first major multilateral trade negotiating session since World War II.
F
The most common device for regulating imports is the quota.
F
Under the "national treatment" provisions of GATT, imported products may be regulated and taxed differently than domestic goods after they pass the border and enter a nation's stream of commerce.
F
WTO DSU reports carry precedential value for future panels by providing definitive interpretations of GATT provisions.
F
When a nation's import regulations or procedures are transparent, it is difficult for foreign firms to gain entrance to its markets.
F
When import regulations are readily available to importers and exporters, they are considered to be transparent.
F
While WTO reports carry no weight as precedent, subsequent panels often consider them, and they can create legitimate expectations as to the interpretation of the treaty by WTO members.
F
Other examples of nontariff trade barriers include exchange control on currencies, performance standards, and foreign customs procedures.
T
Tariff concessions under GATT are recorded in tariff schedules, which are detailed product-by-product listings of all tariff obligations for that nation.
T
Tariffication is the process in which quotes, licensing schemes, and other nontariff barriers to trade are "converted" to tariffs.
T
The General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade is today the most important instrument for regulating international trade.
T
Under GATT, charges may be imposed upon the movement of imported goods, such as port fees and inspection fees.
T
Under normal trade relations, when a nation extends some privilege or right to one of its trading partners, that privilege automatically becomes applicable to all other trading partners.
T
Usually, import restrictions that protect one sector of a country's economy will result in foreign retaliation against another sector.
T
A "free trade" nation has no barriers to trade.
F
An embargo only applies to imports from a particular nation.
F
Due to GATT's prohibition of quotas, a nation may not impose quotas to safeguard its external financial position and its balance of payments.
F
GATT envisages a process of tariff bargaining, and this is accomplished through a hit-and-miss process of tariff reductions and increases called "rounds."
F
In order to convene a WTO panel, the complaining country must prove it has a "legal interest" in the case.
F
Almost all products are subject to some technical standards set by government regulations or by private standard-setting groups.
T
Although the 1947 GATT was never ratified by the U.S. Congress, it was considered legally binding in the United States under international law.
T
An embargo is a complete ban on trade with a foreign nation.
T
For the most part, trade in textiles and services are not regulated by the GATT system.
T
In a tariff concession, one country promises not to levy a tariff on a given product at a level higher than agreed upon.
T
Nontariff barriers are any restrictions, interference, or disincentive to trade other than tariffs.
T
