Chapter11, Chapter10, Chapter6, Chapter9

A political system in which women have inferior social and political status is referred to as

-A Patriarchy

As of what year did minorities account for more than half of all births in the US? Multiple choice question. 1984 2017 1999 2011

2011

Anthropologists have discovered that there is a limited number of patterns by which people classify their kin. How many main ways are there of classifying kin on the parental generation?

4

In a 2012 study, what percentage of American Hispanics preferred to identify using their family's country of origin rather than Hispanic or Latino? Multiple choice question. 90 percent 50 percent 5 percent 10 percent

50 percent

Countries with no ethnic majority are routinely found in _____, where it is the norm. Multiple choice question. Africa. the Far East. the Middle East. Oceania.

Africa.

Which statement best describes how incest can be defined differently in different societies?

Although sex and marriage are restricted among close relatives in all societies, the definition of close relative varies cross-culturally.

Hereditary makeup is known as , whereas is defined as expressed or manifest physical characteristics.

Blank 1: genotype or genotypes Blank 2: phenotype or phenotypes

When comparing family relationships in the United States and Brazil, we notice which of the following?

Brazilians do not regard their spouse as a member of their family, whereas Americans do. Because middle-class Americans normally lack a readily available extended family support system, marriage assumes more importance. A Brazilian's family includes his/her parents, siblings, aunts, uncles, grandparents, cousins, and children

Which of the following statements about the effects of stratification on the burakumin in Japan are true? Multiple select question. Burakumin who are successful in certain occupations reserved for the burakumin can be wealthy. Burakumin can and have found jobs as government bureaucrats. Financially successful burakumin can move, but they cannot move beyond the boundaries of their buraku. Even financially successful burakumin are not allowed to travel internationally.

Burakumin who are successful in certain occupations reserved for the burakumin can be wealthy. Burakumin can and have found jobs as government bureaucrats.

Which of the following statements about Canada's visible minority population are true? Multiple select question. The visible minority population is growing more slowly than Canada's overall population. Canada's largest visible minority groups are South Asian and Chinese. It has been increasing steadily. Canada's largest visible minority group is African Americans.

Canada's largest visible minority groups are South Asian and Chinese. It has been increasing steadily.

Which of the following statements about sexual activity among nonhuman primates are true?

Chimpanzees and other primates engage in same-sex sexual activity. Masturbation has been observed among chimpanzees and other primates.

Which of the following are traits of a foraging society such as the Shoshoni?

Couples and families can move from one band to another. A married couple joins a band in which at least one of them has relatives. Married couples don't usually reside neolocally.

Which of the following statements about cross-cultural gender generalities are true?

Cross-culturally, men are more likely to have multiple spouses than women are. Men mate, within and outside marriage, more than women do.

Which of the following statements about cross-cultural gender patterns in subsistence and domestic contributions are true?

Cross-culturally, subsistence contributions of men and women are roughly equal. Women tend to do the bulk of domestic chores.

Which of the following statements about incest are true?

Cultures define incest differently because they define kinship differently. It refers to sexual contact with a relative. It is socially constructed.

Which of the following best explains why people living in the tropics had dark skin? Multiple choice question. Excessive intake of vitamin D supplements was common in the tropics and damaged the skin's reaction to the sun. Dark skin was a result of sunbathing without sunscreen. People in the tropics produced very little melanin. Dark skin screened out ultraviolet (UV) radiation from the sun.

Dark skin screened out ultraviolet (UV) radiation from the sun.

In general, what happens as the value of lobola increases?

Divorce becomes less frequent.

Which of the following is most likely to develop rickets and osteoporosis? Multiple choice question. Swedish royal family, because of excessive inbreeding dark-skinned person in the African tropics East Asian in the northern U.K. Inuit with traditional diets

East Asian in the northern U.K.

Based on skin color, which of the following would likely have the lowest incidence of folate deficiency? Multiple choice question. Ethiopians Japanese Swedes Russians

Ethiopians

Which of the following statements regarding assimilation are true? Multiple select question. Ethnic groups can be in contact for generations in peaceful coexistence. Assimilation is not inevitable. Ethnic harmony cannot exist without assimilation. Assimilation is inevitable.

Ethnic groups can be in contact for generations in peaceful coexistence. Assimilation is not inevitable.

means identification with, and feeling part of, an ethnic group and exclusion from certain other groups because of this affiliation. (Watch your spelling.)

Ethnicity

Which of the following statements about polygyny are true?

Even in cultures where polygyny is encouraged, most men are monogamous. The custom of men marrying later than women promotes polygyny.

What is the term for marrying outside one's own group?

Exogamy

True or false: Membership in an ambilineal descent group is automatic, based on the father's line of ancestry.

False

True or false: Scientists have determined that using a combination of physical traits is a much more accurate approach to racial classification. True false question. True False

False

Which is the best rationale for the bifurcate merging kinship system?

Father and father's brother belong to the same descent group and live in the same patrilocal group.

Which of the following are true about the rate of participation in the U.S labor force?

For women in the workforce, it is projected to fall to 55.8% by 2024. Since 2000, it has been declining faster for men than for women. For women in the workforce, it peaked at 60% (of working-age American women) in 1999.

Anthropologists have observed that the tasks that are culturally assigned to men and women, or ________, vary cross-culturally with differences in environment, economy, and political system

Gender Roles

Inequalities in power, prestige, personal freedom, and economic status, which favor men over women in a culture or society, are referred to as:

Gender Stratification

Which statement best describes the gender categories currently recognized in the United States?

Gender is a social category that includes people whose gender identities have no apparent biological roots.

What does "ego" mean in Latin?

I or me

Which of the following statements is true about the ethnic groups of the United States? Multiple choice question. There are more African Americans than Hispanics in the United States. In 2014, most schoolchildren were non-Hispanic whites. The percentage of the population that belongs to a minority has been shrinking. In 2011, minority births accounted for more than half of all U.S. births.

In 2011, minority births accounted for more than half of all U.S. births.

Which of the following examples best illustrates a case in which a society has a clear domestic-public dichotomy?

In Victorian England, women's place was defined as in the home, and men were the exclusive breadwinners.

Which of the following statements best describes the relationship between female labor force participation and a nation's sense of happiness or well-being?

In countries where more women work outside the home, the population has a greater sense of well-being.

The Hijras, who are culturally defined as "neither men nor women" and have organized strong social movements, live mainly in

India.

Which of the following statements about romantic love and its role in marriage are true?

Industrial societies believe marriage is a matter of individuals rather than groups. Cross-culturally, romantic love is a common reason for marriage.

______ people may have female chromosomes and male genitalia, or male chromosomes and female genitalia, or some sort of discrepancy b/w internal and external genitalia

Intersex

______ people may have mismatched chromosomes and genitalia or some discrepancy between internal and external genitalia. Meanwhile, some ______ people have gender identities that contradict their biological sex at birth and the gender identity that society assigned them.

Intersex; transgender

How does the Canadian census treat race? Multiple choice question. It asks about "invisible minorities." It asks about "visible minorities." It distinguishes between "white" and "non-white" only. Canada does not have a census.

It asks about "visible minorities."

Which of the following statements about multiculturalism are true? Multiple select question. It understands that ethnic groups are diverse and will likely not be able to interact. It recognizes that for everyone to get along, they must all speak the same language. It assumes each ethnic group has something to contribute to the country. It stresses respect for differences rather than sameness.

It assumes each ethnic group has something to contribute to the country. It stresses respect for differences rather than sameness.

Which of the following statements about multiculturalism are true? Multiple select question. It encourages the practice of cultural-ethnic traditions. It views cultural diversity as valuable but not worth maintaining. It expects minorities to replace their cultural traditions with those of the majority population. It socializes individuals into both the dominant culture and an ethnic culture.

It encourages the practice of cultural-ethnic traditions. It socializes individuals into both the dominant culture and an ethnic culture.

Which of the following describe a nuclear family?

It includes parents. Usually its members live together in the same household. It includes children.

A nation, or state, has which of the following characteristics? Multiple select question. It is independent. It is centrally organized. Its citizens all speak the same language. It is a political unit or government.

It is independent. It is centrally organized. It is a political unit or government.

Which of the following statements are true regarding typical skin color in various geographical regions? Multiple select question. It is lighter south of the tropics than in the tropics. It is darker in southern Europe than in northern Europe. It is lighter in southern Europe than in the Middle East. It is very dark in tropical regions of the Americas.

It is lighter south of the tropics than in the tropics. It is darker in southern Europe than in northern Europe. It is lighter in southern Europe than in the Middle East.

Which of the following is true about online dating?

It is still more common to seek mates offline than online.

How is marriage's scope political in nonindustrial societies?

It is the basis of alliances.

Which of the following statements about colonialism are true? Multiple select question. It is the foreign domination of a territory. It often erected boundaries that corresponded poorly with preexisting cultural divisions. It prevented the spread of the idea of négritude beyond Mali. It created multitribal and multiethnic states.

It is the foreign domination of a territory. It often erected boundaries that corresponded poorly with preexisting cultural divisions. It created multitribal and multiethnic states.

Which of the following are true of generational kinship terminology?

It merges the mother's and father's sides, for example using just one term for father, father's brother, and mother's brother. It uses only two terms for the parental generation. It uses the same term for parents and their siblings.

Which of the following best explains what is suggested by the tripling of the "some other race" choice in the U.S. Census between 1980 and 2010? Multiple choice question. It would not have occurred in the absence of massive immigration. It suggests dissatisfaction with the existing categories. It suggests people were not filling out the census forms correctly. It suggests strict adherence to the hypodescent rule.

It suggests dissatisfaction with the existing categories.

Which is true of the traditional racial classification system used in Brazil? Multiple choice question. Once a racial label is determined, it cannot change. It recognizes only two races. It tries to describe the physical variation that exists within the population. Race is assigned automatically using the hypodescent rule.

It tries to describe the physical variation that exists within the population.

Which of the following statements about Japanese attitudes regarding race are true? Multiple select question. Japanese value "pure" Japanese. Japanese do not define or identify race. Japan is an ethnically mixed nation that values heterogeneity. Racial attitudes reflect intrinsic racism.

Japanese value "pure" Japanese. Racial attitudes reflect intrinsic racism.

Which of the following are advantages to light skin color? Multiple select question. Light skin color prevents sunburn and enhances thermoregulation. Light skin color reduces disease susceptibility. Light skin color absorbs UV outside the tropics. Light skin color maximizes the body's manufacture of vitamin D.

Light skin color absorbs UV outside the tropics. Light skin color maximizes the body's manufacture of vitamin D.

Which statement best summarizes the types of same-sex sexual activity that have been observed among nonhuman primates?

Male bonobos engage in "penis fencing," and female bonobos rub genitals against other females to receive sexual pleasure.

Which of the following statements regarding bifurcate collateral terminology are true?

Many of the societies that use it are offshoots of the same ancestral group. It is not as common as the other kin classification systems. It has separate terms for each of the six kin types of the parental generation.

Which of the following statements about marriage outside industrial societies is true?

Marriage is often more of a relationship between groups than between individuals.

How does decision making in a matriarchy differ from that in a patriarchy?

Matriarchal decision making is by consensus

When people join their mothers' groups automatically at birth and are lifetime members, they are practicing what kind of descent?

Matrilineal

Which of the following are true of the Nayar society of India?

Men spent most of their time on military expeditions or living in a compound operated by their female relatives. People lived in large compounds overseen by women. Children were raised by everyone in the compound.

Which statement best summarizes cross-cultural gender patterns in subsistence and domestic work?

Men's and women's subsistence contributions tend to be about equal, but women tend to work longer hours because of their domestic responsibilities.

A community with only two descent groups is said to have what type of organization?

Moiety

Which of the following factors have contributed to the decline in traditional nuclear family households in the United States?

More parents are raising children without a spouse. More people are living alone. More women are working at paid jobs and delaying marriage, or not marrying at all.

Which of the following societies is correctly matched with the named custom?

Moso and tisese

Which of the following statements about ethnic diversity around the world are true? Multiple select question. Most countries have an ethnic majority group and one or more ethnic minority groups. Most countries only have one ethnic group. Some states, such as France, have actively worked to homogenize their populations. Most Latin American countries have populations that are split evenly between two ethnic groups.

Most countries have an ethnic majority group and one or more ethnic minority groups. Some states, such as France, have actively worked to homogenize their populations.

Which statement about the populations of nation-states is true? Multiple choice question. Nation-states with a majority white population were historically more heterogeneous than others. The oldest nation-states are more homogeneous than newer ones. Most nation-states are ethnically homogeneous. Most nation-states are not ethnically homogeneous.

Most nation-states are not ethnically homogeneous.

Which statement about the populations of nation-states is true? Multiple choice question. The oldest nation-states are more homogeneous than newer ones. Most nation-states are not ethnically homogeneous. Most nation-states are ethnically homogeneous. Nation-states with a majority white population were historically more heterogeneous than others.

Most nation-states are not ethnically homogeneous.

Which of the following groups have opposed the addition of a "multiracial" category to the U.S. Census? Multiple select question. Republican Party National Council of La Raza Democratic Socialists National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP)

National Council of La Raza National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP)

Which of the following are true about the division of labor by gender in the United States today?

Obstacles to men's success at home are both material and cultural. Women still do much more domestic work than men do. The average man still earns more money than the average woman does, even in dual-earner households.

Which society has warfare, male supremacy, and male-only inheritance; related men live in the same village.

Patrilineal-patrilocal society

Which of the following apply to ambilineal descent groups?

People can belong to the descent group of any or all of their grandparents. Membership is by choice. All members of the group descend from a common ancestor.

Some scientists have classified the San ("Bushmen") of the Kalahari Desert in southern Africa as Asians because of their "yellow" skin. Why is this a problem? Multiple choice question. San are closer genetically to Caucasoids than they are to Asians. Asians severed ties with their African counterparts centuries ago. People of the same race should share recent common ancestry, and there is no evidence of this between the San and Asians. As hunter-gatherers, the San must be more closely related to Native Australians.

People of the same race should share recent common ancestry, and there is no evidence of this between the San and Asians.

In the past, one form of marriage found among the Navajo and in many other Native American societies was described as follows: "A man would marry a woman, then work hard for his family. If she had a sister who was not married, and if the man proved to be caring, a good provider, and a good husband, he would be gifted with his wife's sister, marrying her as well." What is the general anthropological term for this type of marriage?

Polygyny

Which of the following are true in the Muslim zadruga family system of Bosnia?

Possessions were shared by the entire family, even a bride's wedding garments. The household included the senior couple's unmarried sons and daughters. Several married couples lived in the house of the husbands' father.

Which are true about the "marriage markets" (the supply of eligible spouses) of nonindustrial societies?

Potential spouses may be limited to cross cousins. Potential spouses may be limited to members of the opposite moiety. Women of descent group A must marry men from group B, while men from A must marry women from C.

Which explanation for restrictions on incest and rules of exogamy is widely accepted by cultural anthropologists?

Rules forcing people to mate and marry outside their kin groups create new social and political alliances and keep a group from being too isolated.

Which of the following is an example demonstrating the modern form of bifurcate collateral kinship terminology?

Sachiko has a Japanese mother and an Anglo father. She calls her mother's sister "obachan" and her father's sister "aunt."

Countries from what area tend to top the World Happiness Report?

Scandinavia

Which of the following statements about racial attitudes in Japan are true? Multiple select question. Segregation of burakumin from majority Japanese has been encouraged. The Japanese define themselves by opposition to others. Anyone who is "not us" is looked down upon. Assimilation by minority groups or outsiders is encouraged.

Segregation of burakumin from majority Japanese has been encouraged. The Japanese define themselves by opposition to others. Anyone who is "not us" is looked down upon.

Early settlers of the United States came as men, women, and families, but the early settlers of Brazil came mostly as men. How did this impact racial classification? Multiple choice question. Early female settlers of the United States created a classification system based on skin color. The U.S. classification system is more feminine than that of Brazil. Settlers of Brazil married indigenous and African women and had racially mixed children. Settlers of the United States were more likely to intermarry with native populations and have racially mixed children.

Settlers of Brazil married indigenous and African women and had racially mixed children.

Biological differences between men and women include differences in average weight, height, strength, and life expectancy are referred to as:

Sexual Dimorphism

Women live longer than men and have better endurance while men tend to be taller and weigh more. These biological differences b/w the sexes are called

Sexual Dimorphism

A person may be attracted to the opposite sex, the same sex, both sexes, or not attracted to either sex. The description refers to

Sexual orientation

A person may be attracted to the opposite sex, the same sex, both sexes, or not attracted to either sex. This description refers to:

Sexual orientation

Which of the following is true about gender and jobs?

Since the 1960s, levels of education and professional employment among women has grown significantly.

In which kinda of societies is gender stratification greatest?

Societies in which women contribute either much more or much less than men do

Which of the following statements about assimilation are true? Multiple select question. Some countries are more assimilationist than others. The minority adopts the patterns and norms of the host culture. The minority adopts the patterns and norms of the host culture but not the language. The minority maintains its minority culture through segregation.

Some countries are more assimilationist than others. The minority adopts the patterns and norms of the host culture.

Because culture affects the way kinship is calculated, which of the following are true?

Some societies believe a child can have more than one biological father. Some societies do not consider all blood relatives to be part of the family. People who are not blood relatives can sometimes be regarded socially as kin.

Because culture affects the way kinship is calculated, which of the following are true?

Some societies do not consider all blood relatives to be part of the family. Some societies believe a child can have more than one biological father. People who are not blood relatives can sometimes be regarded socially as kin.

Iraqi dictator Saddam Hussein was _____, a sect he favored while fostering discrimination against others. Multiple choice question. Druze Alawite Sunni Muslim Shiite Muslim

Sunni Muslim

T or F Gender is a social category that includes people whose gender identities have no apparent biological roots

TRUE

Which of the following statements about race in Brazil is NOT true? Multiple choice question. Brazilians can change their racial classification by changing their manner of dress. Changing behavior and dress can lead to a change in race. The ability to shift one's racial/ethnic classification is exclusive to Brazil. An indio is an indigenous, Native American, and it is one racial label used in Brazil.

The ability to shift one's racial/ethnic classification is exclusive to Brazil.

Which of the following are problems with basing racial classifications on a combination of physical traits? Multiple select question. Geographical isolation is needed to accurately classify race. The amount that heredity contributes to phenotypical traits is often unclear. Physical features do not go together in a coherent and consistent bundle. It is more accurate to base racial classifications on a single trait.

The amount that heredity contributes to phenotypical traits is often unclear. Physical features do not go together in a coherent and consistent bundle.

Which best explains why Brazilian and U.S. cultures came to view racial status differently? Multiple choice question. The native population in Brazil was more hostile than the native population in the U.S. Female settlers in the U.S. pushed for segregation. The demographic characteristics of the settlers of the two countries were different. Male settlers in Brazil preferred to mate with members of the indigenous population rather than with Africans or Europeans.

The demographic characteristics of the settlers of the two countries were different.

Besides contribution to subsistence, what other face has a strong impact on gender status or gender stratification?

The domestic-public dichotomy

Maintaining a clear distinction b/w work done in the home and work done outside the home is called

The domestic-public dichotomy

Since roughly 1960, the number of female-headed households living in poverty has increased dramatically. This trend has been called:

The feminization of poverty

Which of the following statements about assimilation are true? Multiple select question. The minority adopts the patterns and norms of the host culture. The minority maintains its minority culture through segregation. Some countries are more assimilationist than others. The minority adopts the patterns and norms of the host culture but not the language.

The minority adopts the patterns and norms of the host culture. Some countries are more assimilationist than others.

Which of the following statements about bifurcate merging kinship terminology are true?

The mother's side and father's side are split. Mother and mother's sister are merged under the same term.

Which of the following statements about Brazil and race are true? Multiple select question. In Brazil, race is an ascribed status. The people of Brazil use multiple racial terms. In Brazil, racial identity can be an achieved status. The people of Brazil use the hypodescent rule to classify race.

The people of Brazil use multiple racial terms. In Brazil, racial identity can be an achieved status.

Which of the following statements about Brazil and race are true? Multiple select question. The people of Brazil use multiple racial terms. The people of Brazil use the hypodescent rule to classify race. In Brazil, race is an ascribed status. In Brazil, racial identity can be an achieved status.

The people of Brazil use multiple racial terms. In Brazil, racial identity can be an achieved status.

Which of the following statements about the feminization of poverty are true?

The percentage of single-parent, usually female-headed, households has been increasing worldwide.

Which of the following statements about the census option of identifying oneself as belonging to more than one race are true? Multiple select question. The percentage who selected this option increased between 2000 and 2010. The percentage who selected this option decreased between 2000 and 2010. The option first appeared on the 2000 census. The option was designed for adopted individuals who had no information about their biological parents.

The percentage who selected this option increased between 2000 and 2010. The option first appeared on the 2000 census.

Which of the following best explains why tropical populations in the Americas don't have very dark skin? Multiple choice question. Tropical regions in the Americas are not nearly as hot or exposed to direct UV as the tropics of Africa. As Africans migrated to the Americas, biological adaptations lightened their skin color. The settlement of the Americas by light-skinned Asian ancestors of Native Americans was relatively recent. Tropical populations in the Americas tended to stay indoors more than populations in the tropics of Africa.

The settlement of the Americas by light-skinned Asian ancestors of Native Americans was relatively recent.

Why have scientists largely abandoned the tripartite scheme of three great races? Multiple choice question. The tripartite scheme is overly simplistic. The tripartite scheme was only relevant when America was not a great power. These races are no longer as great as they used to be. There are more races now than when the tripartite scheme was commonly used.

The tripartite scheme is overly simplistic.

Why have scientists largely abandoned the tripartite scheme of three great races? Multiple choice question. The tripartite scheme is overly simplistic. These races are no longer as great as they used to be. The tripartite scheme was only relevant when America was not a great power. There are more races now than when the tripartite scheme was commonly used.

The tripartite scheme is overly simplistic.

Which of the following are reasons anthropologists study kinship systems?

The world's cultures display an interesting diversity in their kinship systems. Kinship is important to the people being studied. Many societies are organized mainly by kinship.

Which of the following are true about the Moso of southwestern China and their tisese system?

Their dominant form of sexual and reproductive union is a visiting system. Moso marriages occur mostly in sparsely-populated mountain areas. The Moso are matrilineal and prefer to live in matrilocal extended-family households.

Which of the following explain why the Inuit have dark skin rather than the expected pale skin? Multiple select question. Their skin color is adaptive because it stands out in the snow. Their traditional, high-fish diet provides sufficient vitamin D, making a reduction in pigmentation unnecessary. They haven't inhabited the region very long in terms of geological time. They spend a lot of time outdoors, where the sun is bright and causes them to tan.

Their traditional, high-fish diet provides sufficient vitamin D, making a reduction in pigmentation unnecessary. They haven't inhabited the region very long in terms of geological time.

Cross-cultural and historical research reveals such gender identities as eunuchs, hijras, Two-Spirits, sworn virgins, and mahu. What does this research suggest about gender identities?

There is nothing new or abnormal about third sex/gender identities.

Which statement best describes a patrilineal-patrilocal society?

There is often warfare, male supremacy, and male-only inheritance; and related men live in the same village.

Which of the following statements about ethnic diversity across the globe are true? Multiple select question. There is substantial regional variation in countries' ethnic structures. Countries with no ethnic majority are the norm in Africa. About 70% of all countries have an ethnic group that forms an absolute majority of the population. Countries with no ethnic majority are most common in Europe and Asia.

There is substantial regional variation in countries' ethnic structures. Countries with no ethnic majority are the norm in Africa. About 70% of all countries have an ethnic group that forms an absolute majority of the population.

Which of the following statements about the burakumin are true? Multiple select question. They are subject to discrimination. They are biologically different from majority Japanese. They have been residentially segregated into specific neighborhoods. They are physically indistinguishable from other Japanese.

They are subject to discrimination. They have been residentially segregated into specific neighborhoods They are physically indistinguishable from other Japanese.

In which of the following ways are burakumin discriminated against in Japan? Multiple select question. They are excluded from sports and organized crime. They are not allowed near cattle products, such as beef and leather. They are treated as social outcasts by majority Japanese. Schools and companies discriminate against burakumin by identifying them through their addresses.

They are treated as social outcasts by majority Japanese. Schools and companies discriminate against burakumin by identifying them through their addresses.

Why do organizations like the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People and the National Council of La Raza oppose the addition of a "multiracial" category to the US Census? Multiple choice question. The fear the loss of shared history. They fear the loss of languages and dialects. They fear the loss of cultural identity. They fear the loss of political clout.

They fear the loss of political clout.

______ people have gender identities that contradict their biological sex at birth and the gender identities that society assigned them

Transgender

What are some (6) gender categories that are socially recognized in the United States?

Transgender, intersex, third gender, transsexual, male, & female

An unarmed young black man named _____ was shot and killed, and the shooter was acquitted. This acquittal sparked the Black Lives Matter movement. Multiple choice question. Michael Brown Amadou Diallo Trayvon Martin Eric Garner

Trayvon Martin

A Hispanic person can be of any race. True false question. True False

True

True or false: In the United States today, more than 40% of mothers are the primary or sole source of income in their homes.

True

True or false: Members of an ethnic group define themselves as different and special because of cultural features.

True

True or false: Members of an ethnic group define themselves as different and special because of cultural features. True false question. True False

True

Which of the following describe an extended family?

Typically the members get together for occasional family gatherings. It includes three or more generations. It includes relatives who might not live in the same house.

Which of the following illustrate how a descent group typically manages its ancestral estate?

Unilineal descent and unilocal postmarital residence ensure that about half the people born in each generation can spend their lives on the estate. Descent and residence rules require some members to continue living on the estate after marriage. The descent group passes its estate down through the generations.

Which of the following are true about same-sex marriage?

Various societies in West Africa allowed prominent market women to take a wife. Such unions, of various sorts, have been recognized in many different historical and cultural settings. The Nuer of South Sudan allowed a woman to take a wife.

In societies in which descent is traced through males only and newly married couples live near the husband's relatives, gender stratification favors men when:

Warfare is important and when political authority and land are passed through males.

Which of the following has led to the separation and splitting up of many nationalities?

Wars, political upheavals, migration

Which of the following statements about recurrent gender patterns is true?

Women are less likely than men to have multiple mates.

Which statement best describes different attitudes and beliefs about women's work in America that have developed in response to differing economic needs in various decades?

Women were recruited to work in factories during the world wars, and today many women are expected to work to help maintain family living standards.

Which of the following is true about the wages of American women compared with those of men?

Working women aged 25-34 make 90% of what their male counterparts make.

What might one expect in a generational kinship system?

You would refer to your aunt and your mother by the same term.

The fact that Eskimos are not as pale as one might expect for people who would benefit from pale skin (to maximize their UV absorption and vitamin D) is an example of how Multiple choice question. a cultural can help overcome a disadvantageous biological trait. population migrations are far less important, genetically, than other factors in biological adaptation. diet can have a negative effect on biological adaptation. melanin production is an outlier for those who study biological adaptation.

a cultural can help overcome a disadvantageous biological trait.

Which of the following statements best defines polygyny

a marriage in which there is more than one wife.

A political system ruled by men in which women have inferior social and political status is referred to as

a patriarchy.

A society with economically interdependent ethnic groups is known as Multiple choice question. a nationality. a colony. an assimilated society. a plural society.

a plural society.

Classifying people as of a certain race because they have a parent or a grandparent of that race is Multiple choice question. flawed, because racial makeup requires both parents to be of the same race. a rule of descent. logically consistent. not a feature of American (U.S.) racial classification.

a rule of descent.

Ethnic differences can lead to conflict and violence for which of the following reasons? Multiple select question. ethnic differences are inevitably associated with conflict a sense of injustice because of resource distribution reaction to discrimination or prejudice economic or political competition

a sense of injustice because of resource distribution reaction to discrimination or prejudice economic or political competition

A clan believes that all its members are descended from an intelligent coyote or another animal or plant. This is an example of

a totem.

Which of the following is the definition of marriage in Notes and Queries on Anthropology?

a union between a man and a woman such that the children born to the woman are recognized as legitimate offspring of both partners

The levirate is a marriage custom in which

a widow is expected to marry the brother or another close relative of her dead husband.

Physician, convicted felon, and union member are all examples of Multiple choice question. assigned statuses. achieved statuses. ascribed statuses. ethnic identities.

achieved statuses.

Relatives by marriage, whether of lineals or of collaterals, are known as . (Watch your spelling!)

affinals

In which of the following types of societies is descent-group organization characteristic?

agricultural pastoral horticultural

Compared with industrial societies, foraging societies

also emphasize the nuclear family. are also geographically mobile. are less socially complex.

Generational kinship terminology would likely be found in societies with

ambilineal descent.

The family of procreation includes which of the following?

an individual's children an individual's spouse

What is the term for the ancestor who stands at the top of a common genealogy?

apical

In the Bible, Jews and Arabs both descended from Abraham. This makes Abraham the ______ of both Jews and Arabs.

apical ancestor

Ethnicity exists when people identify with, and feel part of, a certain ethnic group and Multiple choice question. live within a certain region or country. are persecuted because of that claim. have distinct, unifying physical characteristics, such as skin color. are excluded from certain other groups because of this affiliation.

are excluded from certain other groups because of this affiliation.

The absorption of minorities within a dominant culture is known as Multiple choice question. assimilation. colonialism. stratification. nationalism.

assimilation.

To endure, descent groups need to keep at least some of their members

at home.

Recent expressions of ethno-nationalism in the United States include advocating Multiple select question. the acceptance of larger numbers of refugees. bans on the admission of Muslims. the deportation of undocumented immigrants. an increase in the number of legal immigrants.

bans on the admission of Muslims. the deportation of undocumented immigrants.

Why does the anthropologist Peggy Reeves Sanday consider the Minangkabau of West Sumatra, Indonesia, a matriarchy?

because men move to women's homes after marriage because women are the center of the social order

A race is an ethnic group Multiple choice question. believed to have a biological basis. with clearly marked physical characteristics. that goes unrecognized. with a common culture.

believed to have a biological basis.

Which of the following are the main ways of classifying kin on the parental generation?

bifurcate collateral lineal bifurcate merging generational

What is the kinship terminology that splits the mother's side and the father's side but combines same-sex siblings of each parent?

bifurcate merging kinship terminology

In which of the following ways can a Brazilian change his or her "race"? Multiple select question. by changing language by changing behavior by adhering to hypodescent by changing location

by changing language by changing behavior by changing location

Ethnic groups who are in contact for generations without assimilating Multiple choice question. are almost always in conflict. can live in peaceful coexistence. usually harbor hostility, even if it doesn't erupt into conflict. are almost never found in today's society.

can live in peaceful coexistence.

Ethnic groups who are in contact for generations without assimilating Multiple choice question. are almost never found in today's society. usually harbor hostility, even if it doesn't erupt into conflict. are almost always in conflict. can live in peaceful coexistence.

can live in peaceful coexistence.

Middle-class Americans usually consider which of the following to be their "family"?

children spouse or partner

People who belong to the same descent group

claim to have the same ancestors. can live in more than one community.

A is usually larger than a lineage.

clan

The long-term foreign domination of a territory and its people is known as .

colonialism

In the former Soviet Union, all of the republics were ruled by Russia, and the Russian culture was the official culture. Everyone was united by "socialist internationalism," and ethnic Russians were sent to live in various republics. This is an example of which of the following? Multiple choice question. genocide ethnocide ethnic expulsion cultural colonialism

cultural

The internal domination by one group and its culture or ideology over others, as exemplified by Russia in the former Soviet Union, is known as which of the following? Multiple choice question. multiculturalism assimilation cultural colonialism ethnocide

cultural colonialism

Your skin has natural sunscreen properties in the tropics but reduced UV absorption outside the tropics, leaving you susceptible to developing rickets or osteoporosis. You have ______ skin color. Multiple choice question. light dark yellow

dark

Apartheid in South Africa exemplified which of the following? Multiple choice question. a plural society de jure discrimination de facto discrimination assimilation

de jure discrimination

If people can name their forebears in each generation from the apical ancestor through the present, they have what kind of descent?

demonstrated

According to Fredrik Barth, a plural society is most successful when the ethnic groups do which of the following? Multiple select question. depend on one another's activities occupy different ecological niches compete with one another trade with one another

depend on one another's activities occupy different ecological niches trade with one another

Most of Donald Trump's rivals for the 2016 Republican nomination joined him in urging Multiple choice question. a ban on entry of Muslims to the United States. no more use of the expression "radical Islam." deportation of undocumented immigrants. caution in using insensitive language that might offend people.

deportation of undocumented immigrants.

Among nonindustrial food producers (e.g. farmers and herders), a common and widespread unit of social organization is the

descent group.

In the Nayar matrilineal society of India,

descent was traced through the family of the mother, not the father.

A genealogical kin type is

designated by letters and symbols on genealogical charts. a way of specifying the exact relationship between two people in a family. more specific than a kin term.

The property or savings that a woman brings to a marriage is referred to as ______. Such a marital gift from the bride's family may function like a trust fund to support her, or it may compensate the groom's family for what they perceive to be an added responsibility.

dowry

A transfer of wealth, usually from parents to their daughter or to her husband and his family, at the time of her marriage, is called a

dowry.

With unilineal descent, groups typically trace their ancestry through

either the female or the male line.

In the U.S., people are often encouraged to marry someone from their own religious group. People may also be encouraged to marry someone of their same social class. These practices illustrate

endogamy.

When an ethnic group perceives prejudice by another group, or by society as a whole, and its members react, the result is often Multiple choice question. ethnic conflict. withdrawal. pluralism. multiculturalism.

ethnic conflict.

When an ethnic group perceives prejudice by another group, or by society as a whole, and its members react, the result is often Multiple choice question. multiculturalism. pluralism. ethnic conflict. withdrawal.

ethnic conflict.

When a dominant group tries to destroy the cultures of certain ethnic groups, this is known as Multiple choice question. ethnocide. cultural appropriation. genocide. cultural colonialism.

ethnocide.

Rules that restrict sex and marriage among close relatives and force marriage to outsiders are example of ______ rules.

exogamic

Marriage patterns that require individuals to find spouses outside the boundaries of their own group are called rules of

exogamy.

When a father says to his son, "You can no longer see your cousin Lana. You're spending too much time with her; it's not healthy. I want you to go to college and meet some new young women. Maybe you'll find someone new who is interested in you," he is conveying the idea that the son must marry outside of the family, which is the concept of

exogamy.

What is the term for a family household that includes three or more generations?

extended family household

In North American society, which of the following is often the only well-defined kin group?

family of procreation

What is the term for a family that consists of a spouse and children?

family of procreation

In societies in which descent is traced through males only and newly married couples live near the husband's relatives, gender stratification

favors men when warfare is important and when political authority and land are passed through males.

What is the primary reason most people in Western societies marry?

for love

What is the name of the practice in which a woman marries a group of brothers?

fraternal polyandry

Which of the following is an effective strategy when resources are scarce?

fraternal polyandry

In an ethnography you read about a young Tibetan monk who must return home after his monastery is attacked by the Chinese. He lives with his older brother, who is married. The younger brother (the former monk) is well-liked, does his share of the work, and begins to think about setting up his own tent, and taking his share of the yak and fields of grass. One night his brother's wife gives him her bracelet. He knows that this signifies that she is inviting him to become her second husband. If he accepts, he and his brother will share the same wife, the kind of marriage known as

fraternal polyandry.

In foraging societies, gender status tens to be more equal with _____ is prominent.

gathering

Anthropologists have observed that the tasks that are culturally assigned to men and women, or ______, vary cross-culturally with differences in environment, economy, and political systems.

gender roles

Assimilation in Japan is Multiple choice question. generally discouraged. actively encouraged. an integral part of Japanese history. seen as part of attaining higher status.

generally discouraged.

The kinship terminology that uses the same term for parents and their siblings and uses just two parental kin terms is known as

generational kinship terminology.

The biological father of children is known by which anthropological term?

genitor

The killing of Jews in Nazi Germany is an example of

genocide

The _____ associated with industrialism works to fragment kinship groups larger than the nuclear family.

geographic mobility

According to Edmund Leach, marriage can, but doesn't always, accomplish which of the following?

give either or both spouses a monopoly on the sexuality of the other establish legal parentage establish a socially significant "relationship of affinity" between spouses and their relatives give either or both spouses rights over the other's property

In societies in which descent is traced through females only and newly married couples live near the wife's relatives, female status is

high.

Which of the following refers a to rule that automatically places the children of mixed parents in the group of the minority parent? Multiple choice question. ethnic intent hypodescent majoritarianism matrilinealality

hypodescent

Endogamy means marrying

inside a certain group.

The belief that a (perceived) racial difference is a sufficient reason to value one person less than another is known as ______ racism and is pervasive in Japan. Multiple choice question. visible intrinsic extreme pure

intrinsic

Setting up a residence some distance away from parents ("neolocality")

is a common pattern for middle-class couples in the United States. often results from moving to where a desirable job is located. is characteristic of many industrial societies.

In a matrilineal society, the man does which of the following?

is often concerned that his wife might be promiscuous depends on his sisters' children to continue his family lineage cares for his sisters and their children as well as for his own wife and children

A person's family of orientation

is the family in which that person is born and grows up.

Subcastes in the caste system are known by which term?

jati

In the United States, continuing a decades-long trend,

just half of all adults were married in 2015, down from 70% in 1950.

In the United States, most people believe in bilateral kinship, which means

kin links are traced equally through males and females, with each perceived to be similar or equivalent.

The social construction of_____ illustrates considerable diversity and understanding its systems has become an essential part of anthropology because of the importance of those systems to the people we study.

kinship

The system that people in a particular society use to recognize and categorize kinship relationships is called

kinship calculation

The system that people in a particular society use to recognize and categorize kinship relationships is called

kinship calculation.

In 1968, women made up _____ percent of the entering classes in medicine, law, and business programs.

less than 10

This ancient marriage custom has been practiced in many patrilineal societies. If a man died without heirs, his surviving brother was required to marry the widow so as to continue his brother's family through the son that might be born of that marriage. What is the name for this marriage custom?

levirate

The basic rule for inclusion in a unilineal descent group is that

lifetime membership is automatically given to each child born to a parent who belongs to that group.

The difference between a clan and a lineage is

lineage membership is demonstrated, whereas clan membership is only claimed (stipulated).

Anyone on the direct line of descent that leads to and from ego, such as an ancestor or descendant, is known as a(n) ______ relative.

lineal

The kinship classification system used in societies such as the United States and Canada, in which the nuclear family is the most important group based on kinship, is known as the

lineal system.

Symbolically important goods transferred from the family of the groom to the family of the bride in exchange for the bride's labor and childbearing capacity are called ______.

lobola

The name ______, which designates a kind of marital gift, comes from a patrilineal society in Mozambique. It usually consists of cattle and is presented by the husband and his kin to the family of the bride.

lobola

Any branch of a descent group that lives in one place is a _____ descent group.

local

Hawaiians and other Polynesians believed that their kings and queens had a concentrated sacred energy called mana, which common people could not share. To maintain this sacred energy, the rule for a king was that his most appropriate wife was his sister. This set of cultural beliefs illustrates the

manifest function of royal endogamy.

The ______ function of a custom refers to the reasons people in that society give for it, and the ______ function is an effect the custom has on the society that its members don't mention or may not even recognize.

manifest; latent

Sometimes, when same-sex marriage is allowed, one of the partners is of the same biological sex as the spouse but is considered to belong to a different, socially constructed gender. Which of the following is an example of this?

marriage between a Native American man and a "Two-Spirit"

In industrial societies, the search for romantic relationships online has been called the online

marriage market.

A political system in which women play a much more prominent role than men do in social and political organization is known as a(n)

matriarchy.

What is the term for your closest female relatives on your mother's side?

matrikin

If married couples live in the wives' mothers' communities, they are practicing what?

matrilocality

A person's ethnic identity Multiple choice question. is rarely associated with cultural characteristics. tends to be most important in smaller-scale, less complex societies. may change in intensity. is usually an achieved status.

may change in intensity.

A person's ethnic identity Multiple choice question. tends to be most important in smaller-scale, less complex societies. is rarely associated with cultural characteristics. is usually an achieved status. may change in intensity.

may change in intensity.

By blocking UV, _____ help(s) conserve folate, offering protection against neural tube disorders (NTDs). Multiple choice question. microbes iron B vitamins melanin

melanin

What is the name for the chemical substance in the skin that determines skin color? Multiple choice question. melanin insulin melatonin seratonin

melanin

The view of cultural diversity as valuable and worth maintaining is called Multiple choice question. ethnocentrism. immigration. multiculturalism. assimilation.

multiculturalism.

The term that was once synonymous with tribe or ethnic group and that refers to single culture sharing a single language, religion, history, territory, ancestry, and kinship is Multiple choice question. nation. state. race. nation-state.

nation.

Ethnic groups that once had, or wish to have or regain, autonomous political status (their own country) are called Multiple choice question. states. tribes. minorities. nationalities.

nationalities.

A taxonomy developed over generations by the people who live in a particular society is known as which type of taxonomy or typology?

native

Which of the following plays a key role in determining human biological diversity? Multiple choice question. racial classification haplogroup regression natural selection Lamarckian selection

natural selection

Fill in the blanks to complete the sentence. The process by which the forms that are fittest to survive and reproduce in a given environment do so is known as , and it plays a key role in the explanatory approach to understanding human biological diversity. (Watch your spelling!)

natural, selection

Unlike middle-class couples in industrial nations, foragers don't usually reside___.

neolocally

Which of the following are the basic social units of traditional foraging societies?

nuclear family band

A kin term is

often used in a broad sense that encompasses several individuals. a word that describes a relative. less specific than a genealogical kin type.

Although the nuclear family remains a cultural ideal in the United States, approximately how many U.S. households actually fall into this category?

one in five

How long does a nuclear family last?

only as long as the parents and children remain together

In a Muslim zadruga family system, people were most apt to socialize with

others of the same age and gender.

The term used to describe the kinship relationship between the children of two brothers and the children of two sisters is ______, and marriage rules in many non-Western societies, such as the Yanomami, designate them as ______ sexual or marriage partners.

parallel cousin; forbidden, off limits

The socially recognized father of children is known by which anthropological term?

pater

You are an ethnographer observing village life in New Guinea. You find that intervillage warfare is almost constant, female infanticide is common, and men avoid sexual contact with women who are seen as dangerous and polluting. Which term most likely applies to this case study?

patriarchy

Societies with _______ descent trace descent through males only.

patrilineal

A married couple resides in the community where the husband's father lives, so that their children can grow up there. This is an example of

patrilocality.

Junko has olive skin and long, shiny, black hair. Her eyes are brown and almond shaped. These characteristics describe Junko's Multiple choice question. phenotype. homogeneity. biological race. genotype.

phenotype.

Marriages that involve more than two people are known as which type of marriage?

plural

Which types of marriage practices present problems for the definition of marriage offered in Notes and Queries on Anthropology?

plural marriages and same-sex marriages

Which of the following have been major factors in determining why many nationalities have been split up and placed in different nation-states? Multiple select question. political upheaval anticolonialism migration wars

political upheaval migration wars

The type of marriage called ______ is rare and is mainly restricted to Tibet, Nepal, India, and Sri Lanka in areas where men are required to travel often for commercial trade and military activities. This type of marriage ensures there will be at least one husband at home to do what is considered "men's work."

polyandry

What is the name of the practice in which a woman has more than one husband at the same time?

polyandry

A form of marriage in which a woman may have multiple husbands is called

polyandry.

What is a general term for plural marriages?

polygamy

Suzy is a barista at a coffee shop. She sees an Asian customer approaching the counter and calls to her Asian coworker to help the customer because Suzy assumes the customer will speak poor, broken English and be very demanding without leaving a tip. What is Suzy guilty of? Multiple choice question. colonialism assimilation prejudice discrimination

prejudice

Looking down on or devaluing a group because of its assumed behavior, values, capabilities, or attributes is known as Multiple choice question. discrimination. ethnic conflict. segregation. prejudice.

prejudice.

Which of the following played a crucial role in the growth of Western European nationalism in the eighteenth century? Multiple select question. print spoken language farming practices négritude

print spoken language

In a patrilineal society, a woman typically does which of the following?

raises her children in her husband's community has reduced responsibility toward her parents and siblings, compared with toward her husband, children, and in-laws leaves home when she marries

In Bosnia, Syria, and Nigeria, ________ has been used as a weapon of war or as punishment for transgressions committed by the victim's relatives.

rape

Ethnic expulsion can lead to people being forced to leave a country or to people willingly leaving the country in order to escape persecution or war. These people are known as

refugees

A dark-skinned person in a cold, northern climate has a higher risk (than a light-skinned person) of developing ______ (a condition that softens and deforms the bones) due to a vitamin D deficiency. Multiple choice question. skin cancer smallpox rickets spina bifida

rickets

Instead of attempting to provide a definition of marriage that applies to all societies, British anthropologist Edmund Leach described a list that included such marriage characteristics as establishing the legal father of a woman's children and the legal mother of a man's and giving spouses a monopoly on the sexuality of the other. Leach established a list of different kinds of marital

rights.

Which of the following are reasons for the North American shift from assimilation toward multiculturalism? Multiple select question. overall population decline in North America rising immigration to North America a shift in the core curriculum used in North American school systems large-scale migration to North America from less developed countries

rising immigration to North America large-scale migration to North America from less developed countries

The Etoro case study illustrates the importance of culture over genetic influences in determining sexual practices. The men believed that sharing semen with women drained a man's vitality, but it was a necessary sacrifice that a husband had to make to nourish a fetus during pregnancy. Heterosexual intercourse was discouraged and was not allowed at home or in the fields but took place in the woods. Boys acquired semen orally from older men to develop into men. What term is used to describe these beliefs and practices?

ritualized homosexuality

Among ancient Inca rulers in Peru, brother-sister marriage was required. This practice is referred to as

royal endogamy.

In societies in which the rulers were considered sacred or divine, those rulers were often forbidden from marrying anyone who was not also sacred or divine. It was not uncommon in such cases for brothers or sisters to marry or for cousins to marry. Such practices are called

royal endogamy.

Etoro opinions about sexuality promoted the idea that _____ was necessary to give life force to a fetus.

semen

Polygyny

serves a political purpose in some cultures.

heterosexuality homosexuality bisexuality asexuality

sexual attraction to the opposite sex sexual attraction to the same sex sexual attraction to both sexes indifference toward or lack of attraction to either sex

Biological differences between men and women include differences in average weight, height, strength, and life expectancy and are referred to as

sexual dimorphism.

Women live longer than men and have better endurance while men tend to be taller and weigh more. These biological differences between the sexes are called

sexual dimorphism.

Which of the following reflect trends in the United States, Canada, and other industrial nations since 1980?

smaller families smaller living units

In which kinds of societies is gender stratification greatest?

societies in which women contribute either much more or much less to subsistence than men do

In which kinds of societies is divorce less common?

societies with "replacement marriages" such as the levirate and sororate

Who uses the bifurcate merging kinship system?

societies with unilineal descent rules and unilocal postmarital residence rules

Holly, living among a traditional group of Inuit people in northern Canada, is told a story about an unfortunate man whose young wife died. The man's family insisted that he marry the deceased wife's older sister. Because he married the older sister, there was no need to return the marital gifts that his family had received from his wife's family and the alliance between their two families remained strong. What is the name for this marriage custom?

sororate

Of the four kin classification systems, bifurcate collateral kinship terminology is the most

specific.

An independent, centrally organized political unit, or a government, is known as a(n) Multiple choice question. tribe. state. nation. ethnic colony.

state.

Which of the following terms refers to any position that someone occupies in society regardless of that person's prestige? Multiple choice question. race genotype ethnicity status

status

Which of the following are cultural alternatives that permit a light-skinned person to live effectively in a tropical environment? Multiple select question. take vitamin D supplements drink less water stay indoors use sunscreen

stay indoors use sunscreen

A man belongs to a clan that says all its members are descended from a fabled king who lived ten thousand years ago and was the son of a mermaid. This is an example of ______ descent.

stipulated

If people claim they are descended from certain people, but they don't try to specify actual genealogical links generation by generation, they are claiming what kind of descent?

stipulated

Like African Americans in the US, the burakumin of Japan are internally

stratified

The nations of Iraq and Syria each contain Multiple select question. Alawites—allied with the Sunnis and Kurds. a southeast Asian minority population. substantial Muslim populations of Shiites, Sunnis, and Kurds. various ethno-religious minorities.

substantial Muslim populations of Shiites, Sunnis, and Kurds. various ethno-religious minorities.

Which of the following is a cultural alternative that permits a dark-skinned person to live effectively in a cold, northern climate? Multiple choice question. take folic acid take vitamin D supplements eat a diet rich in beef use sunscreen daily

take vitamin D supplements

What is the term for residential compounds in the Nayar society of southern India?

tarawads

Besides contribution to subsistence, what other factor has a strong impact on gender status or gender stratification?

the domestic-public dichotomy

Maintaining a clear distinction between activities in the home and activities outside the home is called

the domestic-public dichotomy.

As used in anthropology, ego means

the person whose family is being shown.

The Black Lives Matter movement began in response to Multiple select question. the mass shooting in a movie theater in Colorado. the shooting of an unarmed black teenager in Florida. a series of demonstrations by the Ku Klux Klan. indifference by some officials to the lives of black citizens.

the shooting of an unarmed black teenager in Florida. indifference by some officials to the lives of black citizens.

When a person employs different identities in different circumstances, such as at home or on the job, it is known as Multiple choice question. mutually occurring identities. the situational negotiation of social identity. the simultaneous negotiation of mutually exclusive statuses. ethnic diversity.

the situational negotiation of social identity.

North Americans may lack close ties with relatives beyond their nuclear families because

they are geographically mobile, living near their jobs instead of family.

In North America, when several people who are related but not a nuclear family live together in one house, it is most often because

they cannot afford to maintain individual, independent homes.

People whose gender identity has no apparent biological roots fit into which of the following categories?

transgender

Which of the following gender categories exist in the United States?

transgender, intersex, transsexual, male, and female

In the lineal kinship system, the number 3 and the color light blue stand for the term

uncle.

Statistics suggest that the growing isolation from kin in the United States might be

unprecedented in human history.

Members of an ethnic group share which of the following? Multiple select question. values beliefs call systems habits

values beliefs habits

In bifurcate collateral kinship terminology, the residence rule is

varied.

In the Indian caste system, the castes are called

varna.

The idea that women should NOT work outside the home

was a middle- and upper-class ideology that developed as industrialization spread in the United States during the early 20th century.

Matrilateral skewing most often takes place in which of the following situations?

when the wife manages more of the family's affairs than the husband does when children are raised by the mother without the father

The sororate is a marriage custom in which a

widower is expected to marry the sister or another close relative of his dead wife.

In patriarchal societies

women do not live in their own village with their kin/family nearby to protect them, and they are vulnerable to abuse by their husbands.

Which of the following best describes the factors in the United States related to its high divorce rate?

women's economic independence; less stringent religious disapproval of divorce

According to studies, who benefits especially from online dating?

young Americans (aged 18-24 years) who appreciate the convenience of mobile dating apps older people, who are more likely than younger ones to use online dating to find a partner

Which is NOT a lineal relative?

your brother

Your cross cousins are ______; and among the South American Indian group, the Yanomami, cross cousins are ______.

your mother's brother's children or your father's sister's children; preferred marriage partners

Who is a collateral relative?

your uncle