Chapters 1 Practice Quiz Questions From Learn Smart Quiz Bank
_ is the scientific discipline that studies the relationship among parts of the body as well as the structure of individual organs; whereas, _ is the discipline in which the function of body structures is the focus.
anatomy, physiology
The correct anatomic directional term for "in front of" is _
anterior
Which directional term means "toward the front surface?"
anterior
Which term describes the relationship of the stomach to the spinal cord?
anterior
_ means "in front of" when using anatomical directional terms.
anterior
Which of the following is NOT an example of metabolic activities?
application of extremely hot temperature to the skin
The visceral pleura
covers the external surface of the lungs
The anatomical term for the great toe is
digital
A coronal plane
divides the body into anterior and posterior parts
The _ is the structure that brings about the change to alter the stimulus.
effector
A study of the developmental changes occurring from conception to birth
embryology
In the nine abdominopelvic regions, what is the name of the region located on the upper middle?
epigastric region
The anatomical term for the lateral aspect of the lower leg is
fibular
Anatomy is the study of what?
form and structure
The anatomical term for forehead is _
frontal
The body's ability to maintain an average temperature of about 37 degrees C regardless of the outside temperature is called _
homeostasis
In the nine abdominopelvic regions, what is the name of the region located on the lower center?
hypogastric region
The _ lines the internal walls of the abdominopelvic cavity
parietal peritoneum
In the balloon analogy, the two linings of serous membranes are the _ (A) layer of the serous membrane (represented by the outer balloon wall) and the _ (B) layer of the serous membrane (represented by the inner balloon wall).
parietal, visceral
Regarding the serous membranes of the ventral cavity, a _ layer lines the internal surface of the body wall, while a _ layer covers the external surface of the organs.
parietal, visceral
The correct anatomical term for kneecap is _
patella
Which of the following examines anatomic changes resulting from disease?
pathological anatomy
The serous membrane of the abdominal cavity is called the _
peritoneum
Scientists who examine how organs and body systems function under normal circumstances, as well as how their functions may change with disease are called _
physiologists
Examines how the muscles of the small intestine propel food through the digestive tract
physiology/physiologist
Focuses on the function of the small intestine
physiology/physiologist
The anatomical term for the thumb is
pollex
Uterine contractions of childbirth are an example of which type of feedback loop?
positive feedback
In terms of anatomic directional terms, the heart is considered _ to the sternum.
posterior
The component of homeostasis, called the _, is the sensory nerve body structure that detects changes in a variable, which is either the substance or process that is regulated.
receptor
An examination of the structures in a particular region
regional anatomy
Homeostasis is involved with which characteristic of living things?
regulation
The correct anatomic directional term meaning "toward the nose" is
rostral
The _ method refers to a systematic and rigorous process by which scientists develop and test a hypothesis
scientific
Cephalic is to head as deltoid is to
shoulder
A focus on the internal body structures that relate to the skin covering them
surface anatomy
A study of each body system
systemic anatomy
Organs of the cranial cavity include
the brain only
Cytology refers to _
the study of cells and their internal structures
Histology refers to _ .
the study of tissues
The anatomical term for chest is _
thoracic
A _ plane separates the body into superior and inferior parts.
transverse
Which major anatomic body plane divides the body into top and bottom sections?
transverse
Which plane separates the chest from the abdomen?
transverse
True or false: Although there is only one midsagittal plane, an infinite number of sagittal planes are possible.
true
True or false: As the human body grows in size, structures such as the brain become more complex
true
True or false: Physiology focuses on the molecular or cellular level to gain an understanding of how organ systems work
true
True or false: Sometimes a homeostatic imbalance occurs when critical changes cause a variable that is normally controlled by negative feedback to be controlled instead by positive feedback.
true
Match the negative feedback mechanism with the correct description below: (stimulus, receptors, control center, effectors, homeostasis) vigorous exercise raises body temperature; organs in the skin detect heat; hypothalamus of brain sets body temperature; blood vessels dilate and sweat glands secrete sweat, body temperature returns to normal.
Stimulus: vigorous exercise raises body temperature; receptors: organs in the skin detect heat; control center: hypothalamus of brain sets body temperature; blood vessels dilate and sweat glands secrete sweat; homeostasis: body temperature returns to normal.
The anatomical term for hip is
coxal
True or false: The nose is lateral to the eyes
false
Which of the following describes an investigation of the structure and relationships of body parts that are visible to the unaided eye?
gross anatomy
An increase in body size is _ and an increased specialization as related to form and function is _ .
growth, development
The anatomical term for lower back is
lumbar
The anatomical term for the back of the head is
occipital
The serous membrane
parietal pericardium
Which anatomic directional term means "on the outside" or "toward the skin?"
superficial
A _ plane divides the body into superior and inferior parts.
transverse
_ are scientists who study the structure and form of organisms
anatomists
In the nine abdominopelvic regions, what is the name of the region located on the middle center (belly button area)?
umbilical region
The _ canal contains the spinal cord
vertebral
Which of the following statements correctly apply to homeostasis as a physiologic process?
When homeostasis fails disease or even death occurs; the control center is generally the nervous system or the endocrine system; these processes are dynamic; negative feedback typically keeps these processes in check.
Mammary is to _ as brachial is to arm.
breast
An examination of the differences in the anatomy of different species
comparative anatomy
The chemical level of an organization is
composed of atoms and molecules; the simplest level of organization
In a homeostatic control mechanism, the _ _ is the structure that interprets input from the receptor and initiates changes through the effector.
control center
Which major anatomic body plane divides the body into front and back sections?
coronal
Which type of plane would divide the chest from the back and the buttocks?
coronal
Which region of the body includes the head, neck, and trunk?
Axial region
In the nine abdominopelvic regions, what is the name of the region located on the upper left?
left hypochondriac region
In the nine abdominopelvic regions, what is the name of the region located on the lower left?
left iliac region
In the nine abdominopelvic regions, what is the name of the region located on the middle left?
left lumbar region
Which of the following describes one who studies the function of body parts?
physioogists
The anatomical term for the area posterior to the knee is
popliteal
In the nine abdominopelvic regions, what is the name of the region located on the upper right?
right hypochondriac region
In the nine abdominopelvic regions, what is the name of the region located on the lower right?
right iliac region
In the nine abdominopelvic regions, what is the name of the region located on the middle right?
right lumbar region
Which anatomic plane, one that extends through the body vertically and divides structures into right and left portions, is often used to show internal body parts, especially in the head and thoracic organs?
sagittal plane
Which is an accurate description of the anatomic position?
The eyes look forward; The head is level
Focuses on the form and structures of the small intestine
anatomy/anatomist
Studies small intestine including its relationship to the rest of the body
anatomy/anatomist
_ are the smallest units of matter having the chemical properties of the element
atoms
Which are examples of a positive feedback loop?
blood clotting, breast feeding, childbirth
The correct anatomic directional term for "closer to the feet" is
inferior
Which of the following body structures can serve as effectors?
insulin secreting cells of pancreas; smooth muscles of bronchioles
The correct anatomic directional term meaning"toward the midline of the body" is
medial
The median space in the thoracic cavity is called the
mediastinum
Which of the following are characteristics of all living things?
metabolism, organization, growth and development
A _ plane extends through the body vertically and divides it into equal left and right halves.
midsagittal
Which major anatomic body plane divides the body into equal left and right sections?
midsagittal
The anatomical term for nose is
nasal
The minor plane known as the _ plane passes through the specimen at an angle.
oblique
In a negative feedback process, the resulting action will always be in the _ direction of the stimulus. What word below makes this sentence true? Same or opposite?
opposite
Which are examples of negative feedback regulation?
regulating heart rate; regulating blood pressure, withdrawal reflex from stepping on glass
A stimulus to the skin of the hand causes someone to withdraw their hand from the stimulus to prevent damage; this is an example of
responsiveness
The _ pericardium forms the heart's external surface
visceral