Chapters 1 Practice Quiz Questions From Learn Smart Quiz Bank

_ is the scientific discipline that studies the relationship among parts of the body as well as the structure of individual organs; whereas, _ is the discipline in which the function of body structures is the focus.

anatomy, physiology

The correct anatomic directional term for "in front of" is _

anterior

Which directional term means "toward the front surface?"

anterior

Which term describes the relationship of the stomach to the spinal cord?

anterior

_ means "in front of" when using anatomical directional terms.

anterior

Which of the following is NOT an example of metabolic activities?

application of extremely hot temperature to the skin

The visceral pleura

covers the external surface of the lungs

The anatomical term for the great toe is

digital

A coronal plane

divides the body into anterior and posterior parts

The _ is the structure that brings about the change to alter the stimulus.

effector

A study of the developmental changes occurring from conception to birth

embryology

In the nine abdominopelvic regions, what is the name of the region located on the upper middle?

epigastric region

The anatomical term for the lateral aspect of the lower leg is

fibular

Anatomy is the study of what?

form and structure

The anatomical term for forehead is _

frontal

The body's ability to maintain an average temperature of about 37 degrees C regardless of the outside temperature is called _

homeostasis

In the nine abdominopelvic regions, what is the name of the region located on the lower center?

hypogastric region

The _ lines the internal walls of the abdominopelvic cavity

parietal peritoneum

In the balloon analogy, the two linings of serous membranes are the _ (A) layer of the serous membrane (represented by the outer balloon wall) and the _ (B) layer of the serous membrane (represented by the inner balloon wall).

parietal, visceral

Regarding the serous membranes of the ventral cavity, a _ layer lines the internal surface of the body wall, while a _ layer covers the external surface of the organs.

parietal, visceral

The correct anatomical term for kneecap is _

patella

Which of the following examines anatomic changes resulting from disease?

pathological anatomy

The serous membrane of the abdominal cavity is called the _

peritoneum

Scientists who examine how organs and body systems function under normal circumstances, as well as how their functions may change with disease are called _

physiologists

Examines how the muscles of the small intestine propel food through the digestive tract

physiology/physiologist

Focuses on the function of the small intestine

physiology/physiologist

The anatomical term for the thumb is

pollex

Uterine contractions of childbirth are an example of which type of feedback loop?

positive feedback

In terms of anatomic directional terms, the heart is considered _ to the sternum.

posterior

The component of homeostasis, called the _, is the sensory nerve body structure that detects changes in a variable, which is either the substance or process that is regulated.

receptor

An examination of the structures in a particular region

regional anatomy

Homeostasis is involved with which characteristic of living things?

regulation

The correct anatomic directional term meaning "toward the nose" is

rostral

The _ method refers to a systematic and rigorous process by which scientists develop and test a hypothesis

scientific

Cephalic is to head as deltoid is to

shoulder

A focus on the internal body structures that relate to the skin covering them

surface anatomy

A study of each body system

systemic anatomy

Organs of the cranial cavity include

the brain only

Cytology refers to _

the study of cells and their internal structures

Histology refers to _ .

the study of tissues

The anatomical term for chest is _

thoracic

A _ plane separates the body into superior and inferior parts.

transverse

Which major anatomic body plane divides the body into top and bottom sections?

transverse

Which plane separates the chest from the abdomen?

transverse

True or false: Although there is only one midsagittal plane, an infinite number of sagittal planes are possible.

true

True or false: As the human body grows in size, structures such as the brain become more complex

true

True or false: Physiology focuses on the molecular or cellular level to gain an understanding of how organ systems work

true

True or false: Sometimes a homeostatic imbalance occurs when critical changes cause a variable that is normally controlled by negative feedback to be controlled instead by positive feedback.

true

Match the negative feedback mechanism with the correct description below: (stimulus, receptors, control center, effectors, homeostasis) vigorous exercise raises body temperature; organs in the skin detect heat; hypothalamus of brain sets body temperature; blood vessels dilate and sweat glands secrete sweat, body temperature returns to normal.

Stimulus: vigorous exercise raises body temperature; receptors: organs in the skin detect heat; control center: hypothalamus of brain sets body temperature; blood vessels dilate and sweat glands secrete sweat; homeostasis: body temperature returns to normal.

The anatomical term for hip is

coxal

True or false: The nose is lateral to the eyes

false

Which of the following describes an investigation of the structure and relationships of body parts that are visible to the unaided eye?

gross anatomy

An increase in body size is _ and an increased specialization as related to form and function is _ .

growth, development

The anatomical term for lower back is

lumbar

The anatomical term for the back of the head is

occipital

The serous membrane

parietal pericardium

Which anatomic directional term means "on the outside" or "toward the skin?"

superficial

A _ plane divides the body into superior and inferior parts.

transverse

_ are scientists who study the structure and form of organisms

anatomists

In the nine abdominopelvic regions, what is the name of the region located on the middle center (belly button area)?

umbilical region

The _ canal contains the spinal cord

vertebral

Which of the following statements correctly apply to homeostasis as a physiologic process?

When homeostasis fails disease or even death occurs; the control center is generally the nervous system or the endocrine system; these processes are dynamic; negative feedback typically keeps these processes in check.

Mammary is to _ as brachial is to arm.

breast

An examination of the differences in the anatomy of different species

comparative anatomy

The chemical level of an organization is

composed of atoms and molecules; the simplest level of organization

In a homeostatic control mechanism, the _ _ is the structure that interprets input from the receptor and initiates changes through the effector.

control center

Which major anatomic body plane divides the body into front and back sections?

coronal

Which type of plane would divide the chest from the back and the buttocks?

coronal

Which region of the body includes the head, neck, and trunk?

Axial region

In the nine abdominopelvic regions, what is the name of the region located on the upper left?

left hypochondriac region

In the nine abdominopelvic regions, what is the name of the region located on the lower left?

left iliac region

In the nine abdominopelvic regions, what is the name of the region located on the middle left?

left lumbar region

Which of the following describes one who studies the function of body parts?

physioogists

The anatomical term for the area posterior to the knee is

popliteal

In the nine abdominopelvic regions, what is the name of the region located on the upper right?

right hypochondriac region

In the nine abdominopelvic regions, what is the name of the region located on the lower right?

right iliac region

In the nine abdominopelvic regions, what is the name of the region located on the middle right?

right lumbar region

Which anatomic plane, one that extends through the body vertically and divides structures into right and left portions, is often used to show internal body parts, especially in the head and thoracic organs?

sagittal plane

Which is an accurate description of the anatomic position?

The eyes look forward; The head is level

Focuses on the form and structures of the small intestine

anatomy/anatomist

Studies small intestine including its relationship to the rest of the body

anatomy/anatomist

_ are the smallest units of matter having the chemical properties of the element

atoms

Which are examples of a positive feedback loop?

blood clotting, breast feeding, childbirth

The correct anatomic directional term for "closer to the feet" is

inferior

Which of the following body structures can serve as effectors?

insulin secreting cells of pancreas; smooth muscles of bronchioles

The correct anatomic directional term meaning"toward the midline of the body" is

medial

The median space in the thoracic cavity is called the

mediastinum

Which of the following are characteristics of all living things?

metabolism, organization, growth and development

A _ plane extends through the body vertically and divides it into equal left and right halves.

midsagittal

Which major anatomic body plane divides the body into equal left and right sections?

midsagittal

The anatomical term for nose is

nasal

The minor plane known as the _ plane passes through the specimen at an angle.

oblique

In a negative feedback process, the resulting action will always be in the _ direction of the stimulus. What word below makes this sentence true? Same or opposite?

opposite

Which are examples of negative feedback regulation?

regulating heart rate; regulating blood pressure, withdrawal reflex from stepping on glass

A stimulus to the skin of the hand causes someone to withdraw their hand from the stimulus to prevent damage; this is an example of

responsiveness

The _ pericardium forms the heart's external surface

visceral