Chem 101 Unit 3 Test

Which of the following groups of elements tend to form cations?

Metals

What element is theoretically the largest of all on the periodic table?

Atomic radius increases as you move down the periodic table and to the left. Francium is the furthest down and to the left of this group and would be predicted to to be the largest element of the whole periodic table.

isoelectronic

Atoms and ions that have the same electron configuration are said to be isoelectronic

How many core electrons does an atom of beryllium (Be) contain?

Be has four electrons and an electron configuration of 1s²2s². The electrons in the 1st shell are in the core and the electrons in the outer shell are valence electrons.

In which direction on the periodic table does metallic character increase?

Down and to the left.

Which of the following is true concerning successive ionizations of an atom and its ions?

Each successive ionization requires increasing amounts of energy.

Effective nuclear charge on the periodic table

Effective nuclear charge increases up and to the right of the periodic table as the attraction between the valence electrons and the nucleus increases while the negative contribution from shielding decreases

Which periodic trend quantifies the amount of energy required to remove an electron from a neutral, gaseous atom?

Ionization Energy

ionization energy

The amount of energy required to remove an electron from an atom

resonance structure

a structure that occurs when it is possible to draw two or more valid electron dot structures that have the same number of electron pairs for a molecule or ion

atomic radius and the periodic table

atomic radius generally decreases across a row, so you need to choose an element further to the right of Ba.

Octet expansion

elements in the third period or greater can have a greater number than 8 electrons in their valence shells

Elements that are most similar in their properties are found _____

in the same group.

All of these are factors that affect the effective nuclear charge, Zeff, EXCEPT

mass number

Effective nuclear charge, Zeff, is defined as

the true nuclear charge minus the charge that is shielded by electrons.