chem 2/10

Element X is a solid that is brittle, lacks luster, and has six valence electrons. In which group on the Periodic Table would element X be found?

16

What element has high thermal and electrical conductivity? 1. Iodine 2. Carbon 3. Iron 4. Phosphorus

3. iron

Metals

Almost all metals are solids. Exception is mercury (Hg) , which is a liquid metal . Solid metals are malleable, ductile, and have luster . Metals tend to have high heat (thermal) and electrical conductivity due to their mobile valence electrons . Metals tend to have low electronegativity values (because they do not attract electrons easily) . Metals tend to have low ionization energy values (which is why metals lose their electrons easily) . Metals generally lose electrons and form positive ions . Radius (size) of a metal atom decreases as it loses electrons and form a positive ion . The size of a positive (+) metal ion is always smaller than the size of the neutral metal atom

what happens when you go down a group

Atomic radius increases due to an increase in the number of electron shells.

halogens

Group 17 of the Periodic Table. Members include fluorine, chlorine, bromine, and iodine

Tranistion Metals

Groups 3-12 on periodic table

2 characteristics assoiciated with nonmetals

High first ionization energy and high electronegativity

which properties best describe the element mercury?

It has luster

Period

Left to Right

WHat kind of electrical conductivity does carbon have?

Low electrical conductivity

Metalloids

Metalloids tend to have properties of both metals and nonmetals . Metalloids properties are more like those of metals, and less like those of nonmetals . Metalloids exist only as solids at STP.

nonmetals

Nonmetals are found in all three phases: solid, liquid, and gas. . Most nonmetals exist as molecular gases and solids. Bromine is the only liquid nonmetal . Solid nonmetals are generally brittle and dull (lack luster, not shiny) . Nonmetals have low (poor) electrical and heat conductivity . Nonmetals tend to have high electronegativity values ( because they attract and gain electrons easily) . Nonmetals tend to have high ionization values (which is why nonmetals don't lose electrons easily) . Nonmetals generally gain electrons and form negative ions . Radius of a nonmetal atom generally increases as it gains electrons and forms a negative ion . The size of a negative ( - ) nonmetal ion is always bigger than its neutral nonmetal atom

what information can not be found in the box of an element on the periodic table

Phase

ionization energy

amount of energy needed to remove an electron from a gaseous atom.

the observed regulations in the properties of the elements are periodic functions of their...

atomic numbers

Metalloids have tending properties resembling...

both nonmetals and metals

As the elements of Group 1 on the Periodic Table are considered in order of increasing atomic radius, the ionization energy of each successive element generally

decreases

atomic radius

defined as half the distance between two nuclei of the same atom when they are joined together. Atomic radius value gives a good approximation of the size of an atom.

brittle

describes a solid that is easily broken or shattered into pieces when struck

ductile

describes a solid that is easily drawn into thin wire

malleable

describes a solid that is easily hammered into a thin sheet.

luster

describes the shininess of a substance.

atomic radius

describes the size of the atom of an element.

An elements in group 17 period 4 on periodic table is known as

halogen

Alkai Metals

in Group 1 of the Periodic Table. Members include lithium, sodium, potassium, rubidium, cesium and francium.

Alkai Earth Metals

in Group 2 of the Periodic Table. Members include beryllium, magnesium, calcium, strontium, barium, and radium.

the tendency for an atom to give away it electrons during bonding is measured by its...

ionization energy value

elements that can be hammered into thing sheets are...

malleable

electronegativity

measures an atom's ability to attract or gain electrons from another atom during chemical bonding.

majority of the elements on the periodic table are...

metals

Francium

most reactive of all metals

Flourine

most reactive of all nonmetals

does reactivity increase go right on a period

no- Atomic radius decreases due to an increase in nuclear charges.

valence electrons

outermost electrons

allotropes

refer to two or more different molecular forms of the same element in the solid state.

nonmetal elements on the Periodic table can be found in which phase or phases of STP?

solid, liquid, and gas

the periodic table of the elements contain elements that are...

solid, liquid, gases

Iron is best classified as what

tanistion metal

What is a property of most metals?

they tend to lose electrons easily when bonding

Group

up, down

the similarties in chemical properties of elements within the same group is due to similarity in...

valence electrons