Chem Exam 3

directly

Energy of a photon is ______ proportional to frequency

inversely

Energy of a photon is ______ proportional to wavelength

Zeff

The - increases moving right and up the periodic table.

s

Which of the following types of electrons penetrates most toward the nucleus and therefore has the greatest shielding effect?

state function

best described as a function that depends only on the starting point and ending point of a process.

ionization energy

decreases down a group and increases across a period. (top right)

Pauli Exclusion Principle

each electron can be described with a unique set of four quantum numbers.

Ionization energy

is the amount of energy required to remove an electron from a neutral, gaseous atom.

Aufbau

states that electron's occupy orbitals in order of increasing energy.

Hund's Rule

states that when electrons occupy degenerate orbitals (i.e. same n and l quantum numbers), they must first occupy the empty orbitals before double occupying them.

Halogens

tend to form anions because gaining electrons will fill their octet faster than losing them.

fewer

the smaller ion in a pair will be the one with - electrons.