Chemistry Chapter 8
Write the 2 different
balanced equations that show the incomplete combustion of heptene, C7H14?
Combustion Reaction
Chemical change in which oxygen reacts with another substance often producing energy in form of heat and light
Skeleton Equation
Chemical equation that does not indicate the relative amounts of reactants and products
A double-replacement reaction takes place when aqueous cobalt (III) chloride reacts with aqueous lithium hydroxide. One of the products of this reaction would be
Co(OH)3
The product of a combination reaction is Ba(OH)2. If one of the reactants was H2O, what was the other reactant?
BaO
What is the balanced chemical equation for the reaction that takes place between bromine and sodium iodide?
Br2+2NaI=2NaBr+I2
Aluminum chloride and bubbles of hydrogen gas are produced when metallic aluminum is placed in hydrochloric acid. What is the balanced equation for this reaction?
2Al+6HCl=2AlCl3+3H2
Write the complete balanced equation for a reaction when potassium and barium chloride react, potassium chloride and barium hydroxide are formed
2KOH+BaCl2=2KCl+Ba(OH)2
When the equation, Fe + Cl2 + FeCl3, is balanced, what is the coefficient for Cl2?
3
Reactant
A starting substance in a chemical reaction
Product
A substance formed in a chemical reaction
What must be true in order for the reaction 2Al+6HCL= 2 AlCl3+3H2(arrow pointing up) to occur
Al must be above H on the activity series
Chemical Equation
Expression representing a chemical reaction
The equation H3PO4 + 3KOH=K3PO+3H2O is an example of which type of reaction
acid/base reaction
In order to predict whether or not a single-replacement reaction takes place, we need to consult a chart which shows the
activity series of metals or periodic table
In every balanced chemical equation each side of the equation has the same number of
atoms of each element
What happens in a double-replacement reaction?
exchange of positive ions between 2 reacting compounds
In the Chemical equations, H2O2(aq) = H2O(l)+O2(g), thee H2O2 is a
reactant
In a combustion reaction what are the general reactants and the products
reaction-oxygen product-heat & light
What conditions must be met for the decomposition of a simple binary compound?
reactions require energy in the form of heat, light or electricity
Why must Chemical equations be balanced?
so it obeys the law of conservation of mass
What happens in all chemical reactions?
the reactant change into one or more new substances (the products)
What do everyday equation equations describe?
to find the correct quantity of and reactant & product needed
What does a skeleton equations describe?
writing a skeleton equation with correct formulas for reactants & products is an important first step is to obtain the correct formula
What is a catalyst?
a substance that speeds up the rate of reaction but use up matter reaction (neither reaction pr product)
Balance Equation
A chemical equation in which mass is conserved
Know all the conditions which must be met for a double-replacement reaction to occur
*product only slightly soluble and preciptitates from solution *product is a gas that bubbles out of the mixture *product is a molecule compound like water
Know all the symbols used in equations that were presented in the text, and in notes, and the explanation of those symbols.
+ separates reactants = yields double arrows - reversible reaction (s) solid (l) liquid (g) gas (aq) (triangle with arrow)
What are the missing coefficients for the skeleton equation below? AlCl3 + NaOH= Al(OH)3+NaCl
1, 3, 1, 3
What are the missing coefficients for the skeleton equation below? N2 + H2 = NH3
1, 3, 2
What are the missing coefficients for the skeleton equation below? Al2(SO4)3(aq)+KOH(aq)=Al(OH)3(aq)+K2SO4(aq)
1, 6, 2, 3
When the following equation is balanced, KClO3(s)=KCl(s)+O2(g) the coefficient of KClO3 is
2
What are the missing coefficients for the skeleton equation below? Cr(s)+Fe(NO3)2(aq)=Fe(s)+Cr(NO3)3(aq)
2, 3, 3,2
If you rewrite the following word equation as a balanced chemical equation, what will the coefficient and symbol for fluorine be? nitrogen trifluoride= nitrogen + fluorin
3F2
What are the missing coefficients for the skeleton equation below? NH3(g)+O2(g)=N2(g)+H2O(l)
4, 3, 2, 6
When the equation for the complete combustion of ethanol C2H5OH, is balanced what is the coefficient for oxygen?
7
Single Replacement Reaction
Chemical change in which 1 element replaces a second element in a compound
Decomposition Reaction
Chemical change in which a single compounds broken down into 2 or more simple products
If you rewrite the following word equation as a balanced chemical equation, what will the coefficient and symbol for iodine be?
I2
If a combination reaction takes place between potassium and chlorine, what is the product?
KCl
In the activity series of metals, which metal(s) will displace hydrogen from an acid?
Mg, Al, Zn, Fe, Pb
Write the correct skeleton equation for the reaction that takes place when solid phosphorus combines with oxygen gas to from diphosphorus pentoxide
P(s)+ O2(g) = P2O5(s)
Write a balanced equation for the combination reaction that takes place when iron (III) oxide is formed from its constituent elements
PbO2=Pb+O2
Write a balanced equation to represent the decomposition of lead (IV) oxide.
PbO2=Pb+O2
What are the correct formulas and coefficients for the products of this double-replacement reaction RbOH+H3PO4=
Rb3PO4=3H2O
What do chemical equations describe?
Reactants=products
The equation Mg(s) + 2HCl (aq)=MgCl2(aq) + H2(upward arrow)
Redox reaction
Activity Series of Metals
Table listing metals in order of decreasing activity
The equation 2C3H7OH + 9O2 = 6CO2 (arrow pointing up) + 8H2O (arrow pointing up)
combustion
The reaction, 2Fe+3Cl2=2FeCl3, is an example of which type of reaction
combustion reaction
Be able to look at a combustion reaction and know if the reaction is complete or incomplete
complete combustion release large amount of energy as heat oxygen insufficient combustion is incomplete
Know what conditions must be met for a single-replacement reactions to occur.
for a metal to replace a metal it must lower than it on the activity series nonmetal can replace nonmetal if the halogen is higher than the other
What does the symbol triangle in a chemical equation mean?
heat
What happens when a chemical reactions occurs?
it changes into one or more new substances