Chemistry Final 2017 (T/F, Multiple Choice, Fill in the Blank, Short Answer)
**SHORT ANSWER** Complete the following table. (it's a table on the test) 1. Iron and oxygen form rust - Chemical or Physical? 2. Iron is more dense than aluminum - Chemical or Physical? 3. Magnesium burns brightly when ignited - Chemical or Physical? 4. Oil and water do not mix - Chemical or Physical? 5. Mercury melts at -39℃ - Chemical or Physical? 6. Crushing an aluminum can - Chemical or Physical? 7. Recycling used aluminum cans to make new aluminum cans - Chemical or Physical? 8. Aluminum combining with oxygen to form aluminum oxide - Chemical or Physical?
1. Chemical 2. Physical 3. Chemical 4. Physical 5. Physical 6. Physical 7. Physical 8. Chemical
**SHORT ANSWER** Indicators of a chemical change include: (4)
1. Iron and oxygen forming rust 2. Aluminum combining with oxygen to form aluminum oxide 3. Magnesium burning brightly when ignited 4. Sulfur exploding when ignited
An unknown element has 19 protons, 19 electrons, and 3 isotopes with 20, 21, and 22 neutrons. What is the element's atomic number? ______
19
_____ elements occur naturally on Earth.
92
Table salt and water are.... A) Compounds B) Mixtures
A
When one substance turns into another, what kind of change has taken place? A) Chemical reaction B) Physical reaction C) Extensive reaction
A
_____ electrons are those associated with the atom's highest principal energy level. A) Valence B) Aufbau C) Primary
A
______ concluded that atoms are mostly empty space. A) Rutherford B) Thomson C) Chadwick
A
Atoms with the same number of protons but different numbers of neutrons are called ______. A) Quarks B) Isotopes C) Isopods
B
Group ______ elements have a completely filled s orbital with two electrons. A) 1 B) 2 C) 3
B
On a periodic table, the PERIODS are arranged in ______. A) Columns B) Rows
B
______ identified the first subatomic particle -- the electron. A) Rutherford B) Thomson C) Millikan
B
______ rearranged the periodic table by increasing atomic number, resulting in a clear periodic pattern. A) Rutherford B) Moseley C) Lavodier
B
______ were first produced as an alternative to the poisonous fumes released by the ammonia in refrigeration units. A) Dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT) B) Chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) C) Trinitrotoluene (TNTs)
B
The atomic number is equal to the number of _____. A) Neutrons B) Protons C) Electrons
B and C
Group 17 is composed of highly reactive elements called _____. A) Noble gases B) Halle Berry C) Halogens
C
The outermost electrons of an atom are called what? A) Orbitals B) Suborbitals C) Valence electrons
C
_____ was the first person to propose the existence of atoms. A) Aristotle B) Copernicus C) Democritus
C
A ______ is a chemical that consists of chlorine, fluorine, and carbon.
CFC
______ were originally used in plastic foams and as propellants in spray cans.
CFCs
Iron forming rust is an example of a ______ property.
Chemical
______ are held within the atom by their attraction to the positively charged nucleus.
Electrons
**SHORT ANSWER** All atoms are made of subatomic particles. These are.... a) _______ with a ______ charge b) _______ with a ______ charge c) _______ with a _______ charge
Electrons; negative Neutrons; neutral Protons; positive
A vapor and a gas *are* the same thing. (T/F)
False; are not
The smallest particle of an element that retains the properties of the element is called a(n) *electron*. (T/F)
False; atom
A hypothesis *can be* proven. (T/F)
False; cannot be
Fe₂O₃ is an *element*. (T/F)
False; compound
As the wavelength increases, the frequency *increases*. (T/F)
False; decreases
Ozone forms over the *poles* where the rays of sunlight are the strongest. (T/F)
False; equator
All atoms are *positive*. (T/F)
False; neutral
**SHORT ANSWER** Mixtures can be separated by physical means. Some examples are: (2)
Filtration Sublimation
______ is anything that has mass and takes up space.
Matter
**SHORT ANSWER** Elements are classified as...(3)
Metals Metalloids Nonmetals
**SHORT ANSWER** What is the chemical formula for table salt?
NaCl
_______ notation uses noble gas symbols in brackets to shorten inner electron configurations of other elements.
Noble gas
**SHORT ANSWER** Complete the chart. (It's a chart on the test) Orbital: S - how many electrons? P - how many electrons? D - how many electrons? F - how many electrons?
S - 2 P - 6 D - 10 F - 14
**SHORT ANSWER** Why is ozone important in the atmosphere?
To protect us from the harmful UV rays of the Sun.
All group 1 elements have *one* valence electron. (T/F)
True
Elements *can never* be separated. (T/F)
True
The atomic mass of an element is an average of the *isotopes*. (T/F)
True
Things such as heat, light, radio waves, and magnetic fields *are NOT* matter. (T/F)
True
**SHORT ANSWER** Ozone is formed when ______________.
UV rays come into contact with oxygen molecules breaking them and combining into 3 combined oxygen molecules
The numbers of protons = the _____ ______ of the element.
atomic number
Most of the matter in the universe exists as ________.
compounds
The ______ is not the same everywhere on Earth and actually becomes less as you move away from the Earth's surface at sea level.
gravitational pull
Columns of elements are called _________. Rows of elements are called ________. *(IN ORDER)*
group (families), periods
Elements with the same number of protons and differing numbers of neutrons are known as _______.
isotopes
The two subatomic particles found in the nucleus are the ______ & ______.
neutron, proton
**SHORT ANSWER** Protons + _______ = mass number.
neutrons
Group 18 gases are extremely unreactive and commonly called ________.
noble gases
In a chemical reaction, reactants form _______.
products
**SHORT ANSWER** Mass number = ________ + _______ in the nucleus.
protons, neutrons
Atoms that contain too many or too few neutrons are ______.
unstable
An element's __________ electrons determine the chemical properties of the element.
valence
The energy level of an atom's _______ electrons equals its period number.
valence
A _____ is a quantity or condition that can have more than one value.
variable
