Chemistry- Ionic Bonds
Group 13 elements tend to acquire what charge when they form ions?
+3
What s the charge that results when oxygen becomes an ion?
-2
What is the electron configuration of the calcium ion?
1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6
How many valence electrons are in an atom of magnesium?
2
What is the ratio of cations to anions in a compound composed of sodium ions, Na+ and carbonate ions?
2 to 1
The indium(II) ion and indium(III) ion have charges of
2+ and 3+, respectively.
How many valence electrons are in an atom of phosphorus?
5
How many total electrons must be transferred to form one formula unit of the compound Al2O3?
6
In many compounds, atoms of main-group elements form ions so that the number of electrons in the outermost energy levels of each ion is
8
What is the formula for the compound formed by aluminum(III) and the sulfate ion, SO42-?
Al2(SO4)3
What is the formula for the compound formed by the barium ion, Ba2+, and the hydroxide ion, OH-?
Ba(OH)2
What is the formula for the compound formed between beryllium and nitrogen?
Be3N2
What is the formula for the compound formed by lead(II) ions and chromate ions, CrO42-?
PbCrO4
What is the formula for the compound formed by tin(IV) and the chromate ion, CrO42-?
Sn(CrO4)2
What is true of binary ionic compounds?
They consist of atoms of only two elements.
What characteristic of metals makes them good electrical conductors?
They have mobile valence electrons.
An anion is
an ion with a negative charge
In a crystal of an ionic compound, each cation is surrounded by
anions
An ion and its parent atom have the same
atomic number.
Atoms seldom exist as independent particles in nature because
atoms are more stable when they combine with other atoms
A comparison of calcium sulfate and calcium sulfite shows that
both have a monatomic cation and a polyatomic anion.
Atoms of copper and iron tend to form
cations
What is described as the force holding two atoms together?
chemical bond
Name the compound CuCO3.
copper(II) carbonate
Most ionic compounds are ____ at room temperature.
crystalline solids
A depiction of valence electrons around the symbol of an element is known as
electron dot structure
A compound that has the same number of positive and negative charges is said to be
electroneutral
____ are free to drift in metals.
electrons
Do ionic compounds have a high or low melting point in their solid state?
high melting point
Compounds containing ions with greater charges have _____.
higher bond strength
Because ions are more strongly attracted in an ionic compound than molecules are attracted in molecular compounds, the melting points of ionic compounds are
higher than the melting points of molecular compounds.
Ionic compounds are brittle because the strong attractive forces
hold the layers in relatively fixed positions.
The force of attraction binding oppositely charged ions together is known as
ionic bond
Ionic bonds form as a result of the electrostatic attraction between
ions
Name the compound Fe(NO2)2.
iron(II) nitrite
The energy released when a salt is formed from gaseous ions is called the ____ energy.
lattice
Is the electron configuration 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 chemically reactive?
no
The elements of the _____ group satisfy the octet rule without forming compounds.
noble gas
States that Atoms react so as to acquire the stable electron structure of a noble gas.
octet rule
Under what conditions can potassium bromide conduct electricity?
only when melted or dissolved in water
The symbol HCO3- represents a
polyatomic ion.
Name the compound KClO3.
potassium chlorate
When the octet rule is satisfied, the outermost _____ orbitals are filled.
s and p
The chemical formula for an ionic compound represents the
simplest ratio of ions that results in an electrically neutral compound.
The lattice energy is a measure of the
strength of an ionic bond.
What is the basis of a metallic bond?
the attraction of metal ions to mobile electrons
What is the name of Sn3(PO4)4?
tin(IV) phosphate
Binary ionic compounds consist of atoms of only ____.
two elements
An electron in the highest occupied energy level of an atom is know as
valence electron
