Chemistry:Earth System #5 (The Earth's Interior)

What do S (secondary) waves do during an earthquake?

Shake the ground

Which of the following plate boundaries do earthquakes occur?

Transform, Convergent, and Divergent Boundaries.

Why do volcanoes appearar ocean-continental plate boundaries and ocean-ocean boundaries but not at continent-continent boundaries?

Continental collisions, which also involve subduction, don't form volcanoes because they lack large amounts of water being driven into the mantle.

Maps of the rate of heat loss from Earth's interior to its surface show that these rates tend to be highest in the middle of oceans and lowest on the continents. Which statement provides the best explanation for the observed pattern of distribution of heat flow at Earth's surface?

Cool, dense material of oceanic crust sinks into the mantle, and hot, less dense material moves upwards, usually in the middle of oceans where Earth's crust is youngest.

What is the source of thermal energy for Earth's mantle?

Earth's core

Which travels fastest, always being the first detected by seismic stations?

P waves

The epicenter of an earthquake is

The point on the surface directly above the focus

Which theory helped scientists understand how and where volcanoes erupt?

Theory of Plate Tectonics

Scientists use seismic waves to learn about Earth's interior. Seismic waves can provide information on topics related to Earth's structure. Select which one topic that does not apply to this.

age of rocks

How does heat flows through Earth's inner and outer cores?

inner core: conduction → outer core: convection and conduction

The Richter scale measures:

the strength of an earthquake