chp 3 sociology

On average, an adult in the United States watches television for about how many hours a day?

4

In what Piaget stage do children understand conservation?

Concrete operational

What did Harlow find in his monkey studies?

Contact comfort was very important

For Jean Piaget, at which stage of development do individuals first use language and other cultural symbols?

Preoperational stage

According to Piaget, in which stage of human development do individuals experience the world only through sensory contact?

Sensorimotor stage

Which of the following concepts refers to the lifelong social experience by which human beings develop their potential and learn culture?

Socialization

Jean Piaget's focus was on ________

cognition, or how people think and understand.

In Freud's model of personality, which element of the personality represents a person's efforts to balance the demands of society and innate pleasure-seeking drives?

ego

A distinctive contribution of schooling to the process of socialization is ________

exposing the child to an impersonal, bureaucratic setting.

Family is important to the socialization process because ________

families pass along social identity to children in terms of class, ethnicity, and religion.

Carol Gilligan extended Kohlberg's research, showing that ________

girls and boys typically assess situations as right and wrong using different standards.

In the historical perspective, the importance of the mass media to the socialization process has ________

increased over time.

The special importance of the peer group is the fact that it ________

lets children escape the direct supervision of parents.

The focus of Lawrence Kohlberg's research was ________

moral reasoning.

In the nature versus nurture debate, sociologists claim that ________

nurture is far more important than nature

Which of the following concepts refers to a person's fairly consistent pattern of acting, thinking, and feeling?

personality

Erik H. Erikson's view of socialization states that ________

personality develops over the entire life course in patterned stages.

Mead claimed that the origin of the self is found in ________

social experience

In Freud's model of personality, what represents the presence of culture within the individual?

superego