Chp. 6 Quiz
If a stimulus plus a response results in a satisfying outcome, the probability of that response occurring again ________. a. is not affected b. decreases c. increases d.depends on the CS-UCS relationship
increases
Harold catches fish throughout the day at unpredictable intervals. Which reinforcement schedule is this? a. fixed ratio b. fixed interval c. variable ratio d. variable interval
variable interval
You call a friend on the phone and repeatedly get sent to voicemail, so you continue to call her every 5-20 minutes hoping to speak to her personally. Which reinforcement schedule is this? a. variable ratio b. variable interval c. fixed interval d. fixed ratio
variable interval
Mabel clicks her tongue while tickling Francis. Eventually, Francis starts to squirm and giggle every time Mabel clicks her tongue, even when he is not being tickled. In this example, tongue clicking is a ________. a. unconditioned stimulus b. conditioned stimulus c. conditioned response d. unconditioned response
conditioned stimulus
Which of the following is the decrease in the conditioned response when the unconditioned stimulus is no longer presented with the conditioned stimulus? a. extinction b. reflex c. acquisition d. recovery
extinction
Learning that occurs but is not observable in behavior until there is a reason to demonstrate it is called ________ learning. a. conditioned b. primary c. partial d. latent
latent
Dave's boss told him that he doesn't have to attend the company picnic (which everybody dislikes) if Dave meets his sales quota this month. Dave's boss is using ________. a. negative punishment b. negative reinforcement c. positive reinforcement d. positive punishment
negative reinforcement
Learning that occurs while watching others and then imitating, or modeling, what they do or say is called ________ learning. a. latent b. Pavlovian c. observational d. vicarious
observational
Which of the following is an example of a fixed interval reinforcement schedule? a. checking your Facebook account at random times throughout the day b. playing poker c. taking your dog to the park every afternoon at 4:00 p.m. d. playing basketball with your friends after completing your chores
taking your dog to the park every afternoon at 4:00 p.m.
In classical conditioning, the ________ is an unlearned reaction to a given stimulus. For example, if you have an allergy to pollen and sneeze, sneezing is an unlearned reaction to the pollen (i.e., the stimulus). a. conditioned response b. conditioned stimulus c. unconditioned response d. unconditioned stimulus
unconditioned response
What is the main idea of operant conditioning? a. Fear is a conditioned response. b. One can learn new behaviors by observing others. c. Behavior is motivated by the consequences we receive for the behavior: reinforcements and punishments. d. Learning can occur when a conditioned stimulus is paired with an unconditioned stimulus.
Behavior is motivated by the consequences we receive for the behavior: reinforcements and punishments.
What should be changed to make the following sentence true? In operant conditioning, organisms learn to associate events that repeatedly happen together. a. The word "repeatedly" should be changed to the word "rarely." b.The word "operant" should be changed to the word "classical." c.The word "conditioning" should be changed to the word "reinforcement." d. The word "repeatedly" should be changed to the word "never."
The word "operant" should be changed to the word "classical."
In classical conditioning, the association that is learned is between a ________. a. neutral stimulus and an unconditioned stimulus b. conditioned stimulus and an unconditioned response c. neutral stimulus and a neutral response d. neutral response and a conditioned response
neutral stimulus and an unconditioned stimulus
What do psychologists call a relatively permanent change in behavior or knowledge that results from experience? a. conditioning b. learning c. instincts d. reflexes
learning
In operant conditioning, ________ is when something is removed to increase the likelihood of a behavior. a. punishment reinforcement b. negative reinforcement c. punishment d. positive reinforcement
negative reinforcment
In operant conditioning, what describes adding something to decrease the likelihood of behavior? a. recovery b. punishment c. acquisition d. extinction
punishment
Which term best describes rewarding successive approximations of a target behavior? a. reinforcement b. shaping c. learning d. acquisition
shaping
If a slamming door is a conditioned stimulus, then being able to distinguish between the sound of a slamming door and the sound of a heavy item being dropped would represent ________. a. stimulus discrimination b. unconditioned response c. conditioned response d. stimulus generalization
stimulus discrimination
Which of the following is an example of operant conditioning? a. when a dog refuses to play dead b. when a dog plays dead she gets a treat in order to encourage her to repeat the behavior c. when a cat and a dog share the same water bowl d. when a cat learns to drool at the sound of a can opener
when a dog plays dead she gets a treat in order to encourage her to repeat the behavior
