Chpt 7 Vocab
A relatively new science that investigates the complex interactions among gene functioning, dietary choices, and the environment is called nutritional _____.
genomics
what hormones are proteins
glucagon and insulin
function of proteins
infection fighting antibodies, acid-base balance, buffers
Forms of PEM include______.
Kwashiorkor and marasmus
nonessential amino acids compose ____ of 20 amino acids
11
Allergic reactions generally occur within ______ minutes to a couple of hours after eating the offending food.
30
essential amino acids compose ____ of 20 amino acids
9
contractile proteins
enable movement
What disease is caused by a rare genetic disorder that occurs when cells are unable to produce an enzyme that converts an amino acid to other compounds?
PKU
Celiac disease is a common inherited condition that results in poor ______ of nutrients from the small intestine.
absorption
what do proteins that act as buffers do?
accept or release H+
acid group of amino acids
acid portion
proteins are made of
amino acids
amino acids are composed of
amino or nitrogen containing group, R-group and acid group
PKU is caused by _____.
an enzyme deficiency
protein is composed of
carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen
structural proteins include
collagens, keratin
Which food rates very high for protein quality because it is easy to digest and has a pattern of essential amino acids that closely resembles that needed by humans?
eggs
protein
large, complex organic molecules made up of amino acids
two forms of protein energy malnutrition
marasmus and kwashiorkor
some __________________ are proteins and all _________ are proteins
neurotransmitters, enzymes
what is the only macronutrient that contains nitrogen
protein
Albumin
protein in the blood that help maintain the proper distribution of fluids in blood & body tissues
infection fighting antibodies are
proteins
Serious allergies, celiac disease, and PKU are all examples of what can happen to the body when______.
proteins do not function properly
neurotransmitters
send signals from one nerve cell to another
types of proteins
structural, contractile, blood clotting and transport
function of proteins in the bloodstream
transport nutrients & oxygen
An excess amino acid and/or protein intake leads to a high _____ output.
urine
R group of amino acids
varies with each amino acid