Chpt 7 Vocab

A relatively new science that investigates the complex interactions among gene functioning, dietary choices, and the environment is called nutritional _____.

genomics

what hormones are proteins

glucagon and insulin

function of proteins

infection fighting antibodies, acid-base balance, buffers

Forms of PEM include______.

Kwashiorkor and marasmus

nonessential amino acids compose ____ of 20 amino acids

11

Allergic reactions generally occur within ______ minutes to a couple of hours after eating the offending food.

30

essential amino acids compose ____ of 20 amino acids

9

contractile proteins

enable movement

What disease is caused by a rare genetic disorder that occurs when cells are unable to produce an enzyme that converts an amino acid to other compounds?

PKU

Celiac disease is a common inherited condition that results in poor ______ of nutrients from the small intestine.

absorption

what do proteins that act as buffers do?

accept or release H+

acid group of amino acids

acid portion

proteins are made of

amino acids

amino acids are composed of

amino or nitrogen containing group, R-group and acid group

PKU is caused by _____.

an enzyme deficiency

protein is composed of

carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen

structural proteins include

collagens, keratin

Which food rates very high for protein quality because it is easy to digest and has a pattern of essential amino acids that closely resembles that needed by humans?

eggs

protein

large, complex organic molecules made up of amino acids

two forms of protein energy malnutrition

marasmus and kwashiorkor

some __________________ are proteins and all _________ are proteins

neurotransmitters, enzymes

what is the only macronutrient that contains nitrogen

protein

Albumin

protein in the blood that help maintain the proper distribution of fluids in blood & body tissues

infection fighting antibodies are

proteins

Serious allergies, celiac disease, and PKU are all examples of what can happen to the body when______.

proteins do not function properly

neurotransmitters

send signals from one nerve cell to another

types of proteins

structural, contractile, blood clotting and transport

function of proteins in the bloodstream

transport nutrients & oxygen

An excess amino acid and/or protein intake leads to a high _____ output.

urine

R group of amino acids

varies with each amino acid