Chromosomal Changes 90%

Gary has a chromosomal deletion and Heather has a chromosomal insertion. Which best describes which disease each may have?

Gary might have DiGeorge syndrome and Heather might have Fragile X syndrome.

Which change to the chromosome causes Robertsonian translocation? part of the chromosome breaks off, causing missing genes on the chromosome movement of genes on the same chromosome duplication of genes on the same chromosome arms of the chromosome are unproportioned, with extra or missing genetic material

arms of the chromosome are unproportioned, with extra or missing genetic material

On which feature is science based? detailed research with reliable sources static information that does not change emotional appeals test that cannot be repeated

detailed research with reliable sources

Which chromosomal change is represented?

Insertion

Which chromosomal defect is caused when part of a chromosome breaks off and reattaches backward on the same chromosome?

Inversion

If nondisjunction occurs and an individual survives, which disorder can occur?

Klinefelter syndrome

Which term describes a permanent change to a genetic sequence?

Mutation

What kind of effect can a chromosomal change can have on an organism?

Positive negative or no effect

On which feature is pseudoscience based? detailed research with reliable sources

Static information that does not change

Why is it important to know the difference between science and pseudoscience?

To make informed decisions

Why does prolonged exposure to UV light from the Sun or tanning beds increase the risk for getting skin cancer? increased exposure to UV light decreases the risk of a mutation occurring increased exposure to UV light increases the risk of a mutation occurring increased exposure to UV light decreases the immune system function increased exposure to UV light has no effect on the risk for getting skin cancer

increased exposure to UV light increases the risk of a mutation occurring

Consider the diagram.Which chromosomal change is represented? deletion nondisjunction inversion insertion

insertion

Which would least likely result from a chromosomal change? death of the cell or organism no effect on the cell or organism decrease in reproductive function of the organism change to the phenotype of the organism

no effect on the cell or organism

Chromosomal mutations can have a variety of effects on individuals. Down syndrome is a disorder that causes problems such as mild to moderate mental retardation and slow or stunted development. A common form of this disorder is the result of a genetic mutation that occurs when there is an extra chromosome 21.Which type of chromosomal mutation causes this form of Down syndrome? nondisjunction inversion deletion insertion

nondisjunction

Chromosomal mutations can have a variety of effects on individuals. Klinefelter syndrome is a genetic disorder that occurs when a male has an extra copy of the X chromosome. Males who have this disorder exhibit characteristics such as producing little or no facial hair, having a less muscular body than other males, and sterility.Karyotype of Klinefelter syndromeWhich type of chromosomal mutation causes Klinefelter syndrome? nondisjunction translocation deletion insertion

nondisjunction

Which best describes chromosomal deletion? occurs when part of a chromosome breaks off and is inserted into the middle of another chromosome occurs when part of a chromosome breaks off and reattaches backward on the same chromosome occurs when part of a chromosome breaks off and does not reattach occurs when part of a chromosome breaks off and attaches to another chromosome

occurs when part of a chromosome breaks off and does not reattach

Which best describes the process of insertion? occurs when part of a chromosome breaks off and is placed into the middle of another chromosome occurs when part of a chromosome breaks off and reattaches backward on the same chromosome occurs when part of a chromosome breaks off and does not reattach occurs when part of a chromosome breaks off and attaches to another chromosome

occurs when part of a chromosome breaks off and is placed into the middle of another chromosome

A chromosome has an inversion. Which describes a pericentric inversion? deletion of genes within the same chromosome arm switching of genes within the same chromosome arm switching of genes around the centromere deletion of genes around the centromere

switching of genes around the centromere