Chronic and Infectious Diseases Midterm PH 2200

अब Quizwiz के साथ अपने होमवर्क और परीक्षाओं को एस करें!

Congestive heart failure arises when

- The heart pumps insufficient blood -Antecedent heart disease compromises heart function -The ejection fraction falls below 50%

The case fatality of MI in the US population is currently approximately

10%

what percentage of diabetics in the US population remain undiagnosed?

20%

What is the defining threshold BMI for obesity?

30

Global relative mortality from chronic disease is approximately

60%

The relative mortality from chronic disease (heart disease, cancer, stroke, COPD, diabetes) in high income nations is approximately:

75%

what percentage of diabetics have type 2 disease?

90-95%

which of the following is potential complication resulting from diabetes

Amputation Kidney Failure Stroke Blindness

WHat type of heart arrythmia increases the risk of stroke more than five- fold?

Atrial fibrillation

Leading cause of death world wide

Cardiovascular disease (CVD)

What form of CVD is increasing in developed nations?

Congestive heart failire

Cardiovascular disease are largely not preventable through public health strategies and evidence- based risk factor interventions

False

Childhood obesity rarely tracks to adult obesity in the same individual

False

Chronic disease is largely not preventable

False

Chronic exposure to tobacco and alcohol do not increase the risk of colon cnancer

False

Colorectal cancer is much more common in developing countries than developed countries

False

Major genetic shifts are undoubtedly responsible for the increasing rates of obesity in most populations

False

Multiple CHD risk factors rarely cluster in the same individual

False

Obesity rates have been on a steady decline over the last 30 years in the US

False

Which of the following is not a proven risk factor for stroke?

High HDL cholesterol

The "dual hypothesis" of atherogenesis primarily involves what two processes?

Hypercholesterolemia and inflammation

The nation with the greatest longevity is

Japan

The mortality from stroke in the USA shows considerable overlap with mortality from which of the following diseases?

Lung cancer

The strongest predictor of stroke mortality among nations is the

Per capita income

What biomarker of inflammation has recently proven to be effevtive predictor of impeding stroke/ TIA?

Reactive Protein

Which of the following statements are true?

Smoking cessation produces an approximate 50% reduction in CHD risk within two years Chronic exposure to environment tobacco smoke heightens the relative risk of CHD by about 25% Chronic tobacco smoking heightens the CHD mortality by 2 to 4- fold

Breast cancer is the most commonly diagnosed cancer and the second leading cause of death among women (only lung cancer causes more death)

True

CHD causes more than 7 million deaths annually

True

CHD is nearly always a consequence of long standing atherosclerosis and the development of atheromatous plaques that occlude the coronary arteries

True

Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of death worldwide

True

Case fatality from MI has declined markedly in developed nations in recent years

True

Four major chronic disease groups (cardiovascular disease, cancer, COPD, and diabetes) account for 60% of the deaths worldwide.

True

Global aging is a consequence of both increasing longevity and decreasing fertility

True

Myocardial infarctions (MI) are most commonly due to occlusion (blockage) of coronary artery caused by atherosclerosis or following the rupture of a vulnerable atherosclerosis plaque.

True

Obesity is the strongest modifiable predictor of type 2 diabetes

True

Of the 10 million children who die before reaching 5 years of age, 6 million deaths are attributable to malnutrition and starvation

True

Primary prevention refers to avoidance of exposure to disease- causing risk factors

True

Since 1970, US mortality rates from CHD and stroke have declined apporximately 50%

True

Strokes are classified as either ischemic or hemorrhagic which constitutes about 85% and 15% of cases respectively

True

The classical risk factors for breast cancer include familial and genetic predisposition, early menses, delayed reproductive history, nulliparity, and absence of lactation, late menopause and the natural process of aging.

True

The disability- adjusted life years (DALY) measures the impact of early death and long term disability

True

The prevalence of obesity in women exceeds that in men by 5-10% at all ages

True

Type 1 diabetes id insulin dependent

True

the built environment, which reflects the land use and transportation patterns of a population, can either facilitate or constrain physical activity

True

A systolic blood pressure of 144 mm Hg is classified as

hypertension

Risk factors for type 2 diabetes include all of the following

inactivity obesity low dietary fiber

The metabolic syndrome is a clustering of multiple related risk factors which includes all of the following except hypertension waist circumference inflammation increased HDL

increased HDL

The epidemiological transition refers to:

increasing rates of chronic disease and decreasing rates of acute disease

Which of the following is not a health consequence of obesity CVD type 2 diabetes sleep apnea osterporosis osteoarthritis

osteoporosis

Obesity increases the risk of all of the following except tuberculosis MI CHD sleep apnea depression

tuberculosis


संबंधित स्टडी सेट्स

Human Communication: The Basic Course (Chapter 1)

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