chronic complications of diabetes mellitus

what is the tx for a diabetic pt experiencing albuminuria

-acei or arbs -low protien diet

what signs might you expect in a sensorimotor neuropathie

-burning -numbing -tingling -pain

these are macrovascular complications of diabetes

-coronary artery disease (narrowing of the coronary arteries) -cerebrovascular disease (effecting the blood vessels of the brain) -hypertension -peripheral vascular disease (obstruction of the flow of blood to or from the arteries or veins outside the chest) -infection (uti, skin) will/can be seen multiple times in diabetic pt's

define diabetic nephropathy

-damage to the capillaries supplying the glomeruli of the kidney

these are microvascular complications of diabetes

-diabetic retinopathy -diabetic nephropothy -diabetic neuropathies

what are the major contributing factors for chronic complications of diabetes

-hypertension -increased blood glucose levels

what are the interventions for diabetic retinopathy

-laser therapy -vitrectomy

sensorimotor neuropathies affect what

-lower extremities

what chronic complications might you see with diabetes

-macrovascular disease -microvascular disease -neuropathies

what factors can contribute to an increased risk for foot infections in a diabetic pt

-neuropathy (any disease of the nerves) -peripheral vascular disease -immunocompromise

this condition acounts for 50% of non traumatic lower limb complications in diabetic pt's

-peripheral vascular disease

give examples of autonomic neuropathies

-pupillary (can be fixed) -cardiovascular (pt may have a high resting rate) -gastroparesis (altered absorption, delayed empying) -genitourinary -absence of sweating -impotence (from poor circulation)

there are two types of neuropathies, what are they

-sensorimotor -autonomic

what might a sensorimotor neuropathie be treated with

-tca -anticonvulsants

these chronic complications are more prevalent in type 2 diabetics

cardiovascular

what type of diet should a diabetic pt with diabetic nephropathy be on

low sodium

these type complications are the most common cause of death in diabetic pt's

macrovascular

explain what happens in diabetic retinopathy

microaneurisms develop with destruction of retinal capillaries

diabetic nephopathy pt's should avoid

nephotoxic substances

these chronic complications are more prevalent in type 1 diabetes

renal

is a type 1 or type 2 dibetic pt more at risk for developing macrovascular complications

type 1

this is the most common type infection affecting diabetics

uti's