CIS 304 Exam 1 Review

Material planning process

(Plan) the encompassing of all the products, components, parts and so on that the organization uses. Ex: -Finished goods (bicycles) -semi-finished goods (wheel assemblies used to make the bike) -raw materials (tires and tubes that are used to make the wheel assemblies)

Procurement process

(buy) refers to all activities involved in buying materials used by the organization Ex: materials needed to make products

Production process

(make) involves the actual creation of the products within the organization. Internal process

Human capital management process

(people) the process that consists of numerous processes related to all aspects of managing people, in an organization. Ex: recruiting, on-boarding, compensation, and benefits management

Fulfillment process

(sell) the process that is concerned with efficiently processing customer orders; is triggered by a customer purchase order.

Inventory and warehouse management process

(store) the process that is concerned with the storage and movement of materials, this process must be able to move and store materials quickly and easily.

IT architecture is

A Blueprint for translating business strategy into a plan for IS IT architecture is the plan to implement IS. IT infrastructure is everything that supports flow of organization including hardware, software, data, and network components

A process that is designed to be flexible and easily adaptable

Agile business process

Research has shown that investments made in enterprise systems have significantly increased:

All of the above (Profitability, Productivity, Competitiveness)

What is NOT a basic component included in the framework for translating business strategy to architecture to infrastructure?

Bandwidth The basic components include hardware, software, network, and data.

A system that tracks documents and manages process steps

Business Process Management (BPM)

A radical process redesign of a cross-functional process.

Business Process Reengineering

A set of tasks or activities that produce desired outcomes is called a(n)

Business process

Which of the following is not a key function in a typical company?

Communication

What are some steps that may be included in a simple procurement process

Creating and sending purchase orders Procurement is known as the buy process. Creating and selling purchase orders is the only step that would be included in a buy process.

What is the focus and organization goal accomplishment strategy for a business process

Cross-functional, big picture goals In a business process the goal is on achieving success for the whole organization and the focus is on all different areas of organization

A system that support management activities performed to obtain, enhance relationships with, and retain customers

Customer Relationship Management (CRM)

Bring Your Own Device (BYOD)

Employees bring in personal laptops and cell phones to connect to enterprise systems

A system that seamlessly integrates information flows all over the company including manufacturing, accounting, and sales among others

Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP)

Systems that support end-to-end processes are called

Enterprise Systems

IT infrastructure

Everything that supports the flow and processing of information including hardware, software, data, and networking components

All the activities involved in selling and delivering products to the customers is called the ___________ process

Fulfillment

Financial & Managerial issues

Infrastructure components should be evaluated based on their expected value, return on value is often difficult to quantify. Steps to help quantify return: -Quantify costs -Determine the anticipated life cycles of system components -quantify benefits -quantify risks -consider ongoing dollar costs and benefits

What is the best way to describe the difference between an IT architecture and an IT infrastructure?

Infrastructure supports architecture and is the components (assets) working inside the business, whereas architecture is the overall design/plan of the company

A system that links across different companies from raw materials to customer

Integrated Supply Chain (SCM)

Supply Chain Management (SCM)

Manages the integrated supply chain. Supply chain of a business is the process that begins with raw materials and ends with a product or service ready to be delivered (sometimes physically) to a customer

Human Capital Management

Managing people in an organization the process that consists of numerous processes related to all aspects of managing people in an org.

Material Planning

Match the supply of materials with demand

Mark each of the answers as an advantage of either a silo perspective or a process perspective

Optimization of expertise and training - Advantage of silo perspective A focus on the big picture of the organization - Advantage of process perspective Easier to avoid redundancy of data - Advantage of process perspective Easier to avoid redundancy of personnel - Advantage of silo perspective

SAP eliminated inefficiencies by doing all of the below except

Organizing all data in distinct functional databases (Allowing all people in the company to see the status of a process; A single shared database for all people in the company; Using a precess view of the organization)

Your book defines a(n) ________ as an interrelated, sequential set of activities and tasks that turns inputs into outputs

Process

All the activities involved in buying or acquiring raw materials to make products is called the ___________ process

Procurement

One technique for incremental continuous process improvement

Six Sigma

Inventory and Warehouse Management

Storage and management of materials the process that is concerned with the storage and movement of materials; this process must be able to move and store materials quickly and easily

Which of the following does not describe a process?

The flow of business transactions being executed

Decentralized architecture

The hardware, software, networking, and data are arranged in a way that distributes the processing and functionality between multiple small computers, servers, and devices and they rely heavily on a network to connect them together. Typically uses multiple servers.

Centralized architecture

a large central computer that handles all the functionality

Security

a matter of protecting every server instead of one centralized system; many different architectures have different inherent security profiles; securing assets in a highly centralized mainframe is done by building protection around a centralized core; major concern for business managers and customers alike

Columbia Association can best be described as

a private non-profit community named Columbia with many recreational facilities

SAP is

an integrated end-to-end enterprise system

A problem with an organization that is organized by functions

it makes it difficult to coordinate activities among the different functional areas

A measurement of process effectiveness is called a(n)

metric

Business Process Reengineering (BPR)

one of two techniques that are used to transform business processes. This technique is used for a radical process redesign. The goal of a radical change s to make a rapid breakthrough impact on key metrics. some companies make this their core competency to better serve demand changing customers.

Total Quality Management (TQM)

one of two techniques that are used to transform business processes. this technique is used for incremental, or continuous process improvement. This improvement process involves : - choosing a business process to improve - choosing a metric to measure the business process etc.

Customer Relationship Management (CRM)

set of software programs that support management activities performed to obtain , enhance relationships with and retain customers, Includes sales, support, and service processes. Ex: Oracle, SAP and Salesforce.com

Business process

set of tasks or activities that produce desired outcomes, each process is triggered by some event. uses many of these to achieve its objectives.

Enterprise systems (ES)

system that supports end-to-end processes and they are essential to the efficient and effective execution and management of business process

Scalability

the ability to adapt to changes in demands that occur with company growth

Maintainability

the ability to fix things that go wrong or to replace things that need replacing

Adaptability

the ability to handle expected technological advances

Cloud computing

the architecture based upon services, hardware, software, and data provided over the Internet

Product Lifecycle Management (PLM)

the automate steps that take ideas for products and turns them into real products, refers to the process that starts with the idea for a product and ends with the "end-of-life" of a product. includes innovation activities, new product development, and management.

IT architecture

the blueprint for translating business strategy into a plan for IS

Workflow

the series of connected tasks and activities performed by people and computers that together form a business process

Strategic timeframe

the understanding of the life span of an IT infrastructure and architecture is critical; depends on industry wide factors such as level of commitment to resources, maturity of the industry, barriers to entry, etc.

Standardization

the use of a common standard as opposed to a proprietary approach

Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP)

traditionally what comes first to mind when talking about enterprise information systems. designed to help large companies manage fragmentation of information stored in hundred s of desktops, department/business unit computers in an organization. some assembly required(needs to be integrated into hardware, or OS) Characteristics: -integration -manufacturing -accounting -human resources

silo effect

workers complete their tasks in their functional "silos" or departments without regard to the consequences for the other components in the process.