Civics & Economics - Midterm Review
Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka, Kansas
Reversed Plessy decision- Segregation ruled unconstitutional
expanding
SC decisions in Mapp v. Ohio and Miranda v. Arizona affected individual liberties by _________ the rights of people accused of crimes.
TLO v. New Jersey
School officials can search students based on "reasonable suspicion" "Probable cause" is not necessary, This 1985 case started when school administrators found a girl smoking in the school restroom. They searched her bag and found evidence of her dealing marijuana.
Hazelwood School District v. Kuhlmeier
School principals can censor student publications, constrains student rights, newspaper is part of curriculum and can be regulated by school, school can provide reasonable protection for students and community
Engel v. Vitale
School sponsored prayer is illegal in public schools; separation of church and state
Bethel School District v. Fraser
Schools can make rules to regulate speech, was a United States Supreme Court decision involving free speech and public schools. Matthew Fraser was suspended from school for making a speech full of sexual double entendres at a school assembly. The Supreme Court held that his suspension did not violate the First Amendment as schools can limit lewd, obscene language
Tinker v. Des Moines
Schools cannot ban symbolic speech; Students have the right to symbolic speech at school as long as it is not disruptive
Plessy v. Ferguson
Segregation ruled Constitutional as long as accommodations were equal- Separate But Equal Ruling; narrow interpretation of the 14th amendment
president pro tempore
Senate - In the VP's absence, the _________ ____ _________ takes his place.
vice president
Senate - The leader of the senate is the _____ ___________.
6
Senate - __ year terms
Federalism
Separating power between the state and federal government
tenure
Since judges in the Supreme Court have ______, they are judges for life.
Amendments are added
What may happen to a bill in the House after the bill leaves committee?
impeaching federal judges
What non-legislative power resides in the House of Representatives?
income tax
Where does the majority of federal revenue come from?
The Court of Appeals
Which court would hear an appeal from a US district court within their circuit?
b) Commissioner of Public Safety
Which of the following is NOT a position in the Council of State? a) Superintendent of Public Instruction b) Commissioner of Public Safety c) State Auditor
creating an air force
Which of the following legislative powers is implied by the elastic clause?
municipality
Which word means city, town, or village?
Sheriff's office
Who is in charge of providing law enforcement services and running the jails on a local level?
Governor
Who is the chief executive at the state level?
sheriff
Who is the elected law enforcement official at the local level?
voters
Who selects the justices on the North Carolina Supreme Court?
superior court
Who would try a murder case in North Carolina?
Leash law
________ ____ is an example of an ordinance
ordinances
local laws
NC Court of Appeals
Fill in the blank: NC Superior Court > ____________ > NC Local Courts
General Assembly
What is the name for the lawmaking body in North Carolina?
Supremacy clause
"State government may not make laws above the federal government" describes which clause?
Marbury v. Madison
1. Established the Supreme Court has the power to determine if laws passed by Congress are Constitutional (JUDICIAL REVIEW) 2. Established the Constitution is the Supreme law of the land
felony
A citizen in NC could not vote if they were convicted of a ....
original jurisdiction
A court's authority to hear and decide a matter before any other court can review the matter is....
concurrent jurisdiction
A situation in which both federal and state courts have authority to hear a case is known as...
Korematsu v. United States
Actions such as internment camps are permitted during a time of "military urgency"/purposes of national security
Swann v. Charlotte-Mecklenburg Board of Education
Busing is an acceptable tool for integration
Gideon v. Wainwright
Criminal defendants are entitled to a court appointed attorney regardless of the type of crime; rights of the accused
Gregg v. Georgia
Cruel and unusual punishment concerned torture, made capital punishment constitutional; overturned Furman v. Georgia (1972) which stated that capital punishment was unconstitutional
Furman v. Georgia
Death penalty not unconstitutional, but procedures applied by states were biased against African Americans and the poor; the U. S. Supreme Court ruled that the death penalty, as administered, constituted cruel and unusual punishment in which case... states that retain death penalty had to rewrite procedures
Local
Decide if it is federal, state, or local: City Council
Federal
Decide if it is federal, state, or local: Congress
Local
Decide if it is federal, state, or local: County Commissioners
Federal
Decide if it is federal, state, or local: FBI
State
Decide if it is federal, state, or local: General Assembly
State
Decide if it is federal, state, or local: Governor
State
Decide if it is federal, state, or local: Highway Patrol
State
Decide if it is federal, state, or local: Lieutenant Governor
Local
Decide if it is federal, state, or local: Mayor
Federal
Decide if it is federal, state, or local: President
Local
Decide if it is federal, state, or local: Sheriff
State
Decide if it is federal, state, or local: Superior Court
Federal
Decide if it is federal, state, or local: Vice President
Local
Decide if it is federal, state, or local: jail
Local
Decide if it is federal, state, or local: municipality
Local
Decide if it is federal, state, or local: ordinances
Statutes
Decide if it is federal, state, or local: statutes
Gibbons v. Ogden
Defined Commerce to include navigation and determined Congress has the right to regulate navigation- Commerce Clause of the Constitution gives Congress the power to regulate interstate commerce- Constitution is the Supreme Law of the Land
Heart of Atlanta Hotel v. United States
Facilities that serve interstate customers must follow federal laws based on the commerce clause of Constitution (Congress can regulate interstate trade)
McCulloch v. Maryland
Federal institutions cannot be taxed by states. Supported Congress' implied powers
California v. Bakke
Giving preferential treatment to members of any one group based on race or ethnic origin is discrimination
10
House of Representatives - A census is done every __ years to readjust the population, and then the members themselves are readjusted.
Elections
House of Representatives - How do we fill vacancies in the house?
gerrymandering
House of Representatives - Oddly shaped districts that were created to give power to certain groups.
districts; one
House of Representatives - States are divided into congressional _________, each one with ____ representative.
House
House of Representatives - The Speaker of the House is voted on by the ______.
speaker of the house
House of Representatives - The leader of the HOR is the ____.
constiuents
House of Representatives - Those who are represented
Impeachment
House of Representatives - What specific power does the house have?
2
House of Representatives - __ year terms.
9
How many Supreme Court justices are there?
7
How many justices are in the North Carolina Supreme Court?
50
How many state senators are there in North Carolina?
Plaintiff
In civil cases, the injured party who brings an action against an alleged offender is the....
Texas v. Johnson
Legal to burn the flag in protest; Freedom of Speech
poll
Levying a ____ tax on voting is illegal according to the NC Constitution
House of Representatives
Lower house; Representation based on population; Most powerful.
pork-barrel projects
Members of congress bring government funds to their state through ____________ ________.
President; Senate
Members of the U.S. Supreme Court are appointed by the ______ and approved by the _____.
National debt
Money that the US government owes others
Heart of Atlanta Motel v. US
Places of "public accommodation" like a hotel may not discriminate, per the Civil Rights Act of 1964
Miranda v. Arizona
Police must read suspects their rights if they are under arrest and being questioned about a crime; rights of the accused ... (now if arrested the police will inform you of your "Miranda rights"
Progressive tax
Taxes increase as wages increase
Mapp v. Ohio
The 1961 Supreme Court decision ruling that the Fourth Amendment's protection against unreasonable searches and seizures must be extended to the states as well as to the federal government.Exclusionary Rule; evidence obtained illegally cannot be used in a court of law
Marbury v. Madison
The case that established Judicial Review.
revenue
The money collected by the government to provide services to citizens is called?
governor
The power to grant pardons and reprieves lies with who?
economic
The primary duties of the NC Secretary of State are to deal with _________ and business related activities
General assembly
The primary job of making North Carolina state laws belongs to who?
introduce
The purpose of the NC Constitution's preamble is to __________ the Constitution.
TLO v. New Jersey
The ruling in the Supreme Court was that the school was right and they had a reasonable cause to search her bag. The girl was also punished by the juvenile court.
voice vote
The simplest way to vote in the House and the Senate is a ________ ______.
sales tax
This state and local tax is paid when individuals purchase a good or service in the state of NC
House of Representatives
To be a member of this branch of Congress, you must meet the following requirements... - 25 years old - 7 year citizenship - Must live in their state
Senate
Upper house; Each state has equal representation
ordinances
What are laws passed by local governments called?
Both trial courts
What does the federal district court and the NC superior court have in common?
Providing analysis for the IRS
What is not a major responsibility of representatives?
Education
What is the largest NC state funding expenditure?
In Loco Parentis
individual who assumes parental status and responsibilities for another individual... school officials are responsible for the safety of their students
statutes
state laws