CJ Chapter 12 Quiz

a. John Augustus

What is the name of the person who is credited with originating the modern probation concept? a. John Augustus b. Sir Robert Peel c. Christopher Krebs d. Tyson Timbs

c. a forfeiture

What is the term for the seizure of personal property by the state as a civil or criminal penalty? a. restitution b. a lien c. a forfeiture d. a fine

d. restitution

What is the term used for a condition of probation in which the offender repays society or the victim of a crime for the trouble the offender caused? a. maintenance fees b. court costs c. day fees d. restitution

a. revocation

What is the term used to describe the act of terminating a community sentence of probation and enforcing the original sentence of incarceration? a. revocation b. judicial reprieve c. restorative justice d. recognizance

b. Bearden v Georgia

Which 1983 Supreme Court case decided that it is unconstitutional to jail someone for failing to pay a fine? a. Griffin v Wisconsin b. Bearden v Georgia c. Minnesota v Murphy d. US v Knights

a. conduct a presentence investigation b. conduct intake interviews d. determine a diagnosis

Which of the following are duties of a probation officer? Select all that apply. a. conduct a presentence investigation b. conduct intake interviews c. directly supervise all treatment plans d. determine a diagnosis

a. the offender has made a mistake and has the potential to reform b. the typical offender is not a "menace to society" c. the typical offender is not a dangerous criminal

Which of the following statements reflect today's philosophy regarding probation? Select all that apply. a. the offender has made a mistake and has the potential to reform b. the typical offender is not a "menace to society" c. the typical offender is not a dangerous criminal d. if an offender doesn't want to reform, probation won't help

a. purchasing of drug via the web b. pornographic websites d. chat rooms

A judge can limit a probationer's access to the internet as a condition of their probation. Identify all the internet web locations that a person's conditions of probation may prohibit them from accessing. Select all that apply. a. purchasing of drug via the web b. pornographic websites c. websites related to religion d. chat rooms

b. HOPE requires probationers to appear before a judge only when a violation is detected c. HOPE allows probationers who are employed to serve any jail time on weekends d. HOPE focuses on reducing drug use and missed appointments

Hawaii's HOPE Program, which is geared toward drug offenders, is designed to keep people on probation by threatening them at a formal warning hearing with "swift and certain" punishment, rather than severe sanctions, for violating terms of probation. Which of the following characteristics make this program different from other programs? Select all that apply. a. HOPE never requires that a probationer be mandated into a residential program b. HOPE requires probationers to appear before a judge only when a violation is detected c. HOPE allows probationers who are employed to serve any jail time on weekends d. HOPE focuses on reducing drug use and missed appointments

b. monetary c. community service d. shock probation and split sentencing

Identify all of the following sanctions that are accepted forms of restitution? Select all that apply. a. monetary restitution is the only accepted form of restitution b. monetary c. community service d. shock probation and split sentencing

b. intensive probation supervision c. residential community corrections d. shock or split probation

Identify all the programs that are included as intermediate sanctions. Select all that apply. a. parole release b. intensive probation supervision c. residential community corrections d. shock or split probation

a. community service restitution

If an offender is sentenced to cleaning up a public park or helping disabled children, this would be considered which type of alternative sanction? a. community service restitution b. monetary restitution c. reintegration d. shock probation

a. an offender who can afford to pay the total amount of their fine immediately does not have to pay supervision fees c. because supervision fees are set as a flat monthly rate, they consume a larger proportion of an offender's monthly payment if that offender can only afford to pay relatively small amounts d. because supervision fees have no upward limit and because probation in pay-only cases generally ends once all debts to the court are settled, the fees accumulate into higher totals for offenders who need more time to pay down their fines

It's not uncommon in several states for judges to determine whether offenders can pay their fines at sentencing, if they cannot, a payment plan is arranged, and private probation is the likely outcome. Human Rights Watch criticizes this practice. They call this a "tax on poverty." Which of the following are the reasons for this criticism? Select all that apply. a. an offender who can afford to pay the total amount of their fine immediately does not have to pay supervision fees b. an offender who can afford the total amount of their fine immediately will receive a shorter sentence and thus have to pay fewer fees overall c. because supervision fees are set as a flat monthly rate, they consume a larger proportion of an offender's monthly payment if that offender can only afford to pay relatively small amounts d. because supervision fees have no upward limit and because probation in pay-only cases generally ends once all debts to the court are settled, the fees accumulate into higher totals for offenders who need more time to pay down their fines

d. a sentencing circle

James Abernathy robbed a grocery store a few blocks from his house. After he was convicted of the crime, the owner of the store, the clerk working at the time of the robbery, Mr Abernathy, and the members of the city council all met to determine Mr Abernathy's sanction. What is the type of group meeting called? a. split sentencing circle b. brainstorming groups c. a parole board hearing d. a sentencing circle

a. probation supervision c. electronic monitoring (house arrest) d. alcohol breathalyzer testing

Private probation services have been utilized in several parts of the United States. Identify all of the services below that private probation services can provide. Select all that apply. a. probation supervision b. polygraph testing c. electronic monitoring (house arrest) d. alcohol breathalyzer testing

a. judicial reprieve

What common-law practice, used by judges in the Middle Ages, allowed for the suspension of punishment so that convicted offenders could seek a pardon, gather new evidence, or demonstrate that they had reformed their behavior? a. judicial reprieve b. judicial favor c. judicial review d. judicial recognizance

c. a program requiring probationers to pay for the costs of their treatment

What do day fees refer to? a. the overall daily cost savings of using probation rather than prison sentences b. the daily fee imposed on taxpayers, based on their inmate population c. a program requiring probationers to pay for the costs of their treatment d. the cost of running drug treatment programs paid for by the state

d. a prison term that is delayed while the defendant undergoes a period of community treatment

What is a suspended sentence? a. a sentence that is not imposed because of appeals b. a sentence that is not imposed because of judicial misconduct c. a probationary period that is delayed because of time served in community treatment d. a prison term that is delayed while the defendant undergoes a period of community treatment

c. a view of criminal justice that focuses on crime as an act against the community rather than the state

What is restorative justice? a. a view of criminal justice that focuses on punishment rather than reform b. a view of criminal justice that focuses on the efficiency of law enforcement c. a view of criminal justice that focuses on crime as an act against the community rather than the state d. a view of criminal justice that focuses on crime as a by product of poverty and marginalization

c. the process through which probationers are classified

What is risk classification? a. the assessment of a prisoner's violent behavior b. the assessment of a convict's likely recidivism c. the process through which probationers are classified d. the process through which parolees are classified