CJS 325 Test One 1

6. The term used to describe the idea that the world has become interdependent in terms of the events and actions of people and governments around the world is:

C. Globalization

8. The best available sources of international crime data are:

C. International Victimization Surveys

12. Who was one of the major proponents of communism in the 1800's?

C. Karl Marx

5. Which of the following is not a comparison between France and the United States?

C. Most power in both countries remains embedded in a centralized form of government

6. Which of the following is not one of the crimes that the National Crime Victimization Survey collects data on?

C. Murder

3. Law that is developed by modern states in their legislatures or through their regulatory process that deals largely with the relations between government and citizens is:

C. Public Law

15. The primary sources of Islamic Law are:

C. Shari'a and Sunnah

4. The basic principles of the Criminal Law in France come from:

C. The Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen

2. Which of the following is not one of the three major perspectives of a criminal incident:

C. The perspective of the media

7. The sale, distribution, or large-scale possession of property obtained in violation of the law is:

C. Trafficking in stolen property

9. The primary collection tool used in the International Crime Victim Survey (ICVS) is:

D. Computer assisted telephone interviewing

6. Power in Germany is:

D. Distributed between the federal and state governments

9. Which of the following has not contributed to the increase in transnational crime?

D. Ethnocentrism

6. Which legal tradition is one that combines different aspects of more than one legal tradition:

D. Hybrid

2. International crimes are based on all of the following, except:

D. Identified as having to involve more than one country

9. The primary characteristic of Common Law that distinguishes it from Civil Law is:

D. Its reliance on precedent

3. The Uniform Crime Reports (UCR) are compiled by:

D. The Federal Bureau of Investigation

1. Which of the following is not a part of England's parliament?

D. The House of Councilors

9. The primary organs of governmental power in China include all of the following, except:

D. The Supreme Court of China

13. Politicized justice refers to a situation where:

D. The criminal justice system is perverted to achieve particular political ends

5. Which of the following collects information from member countries about crime rates and the operations of the criminal justice systems?

D. United Nations Surveys of Crime and Trends and Operations of Criminal Justice Systems (CTS)

11. Independent states and Sovereign States are the same thing.

False

11. The United States and England still have separate equity courts to handle equity cases.

False

13. The data show that in recent years has been a general increase in homicide rates in most countries.

False

13. The procurator has the same duties and roles in both the Socialist and Civil Law traditions.

False

14. China regularly reports high rates of crime each year.

False

14. Technology is the term used to describe how the world has become interdependent, in terms of the events and actions of people and governments around the world.

False

15. Japan follows the Sacred Law Tradition.

False

15. Women are seen as equals to men under Islamic Law in terms of legal participation.

False

2. The terms, "International Crime" and "Transnational Crime" can be used interchangeably.

False

3. Measuring crime and comparing crime data does not provide clues as to why some nations are more successful than others in controlling crime rates.

False

3. Torture and enslavement of populations are examples of Transnational Crimes.

False

4. The most typical form of borrowing is to combine some aspects of Sacred Law and Socialist Law.

False

5. Examples of private law include constitutional law, criminal law and tax law.

False

5. Interpol still reports data from its member countries.

False

6. It is rare for countries to borrow and adapt policies and practices from other countries.

False

6. The NCVS finds that overall, approximately 50 percent of violent crimes and all property crimes are reported to the police.

False

7. Japan has not had much success with community policing.

False

7. There is fairly close correspondence between the crime definitions used by the UCR and NCVS, which makes it possible to assess national crime information from the viewpoint of the victim and the police.

False

8. Self-report surveys are used mostly with adults and usually in national samples.

False

9. The Civil Law is more ancient, more complex and more difficult than the French and German codes.

False

9. The ICVS is only interested in incidents reported to the police.

False

11. Which one of the following regions has one of the highest homicide rates?

C. Central America

7. The Mesopotamian system is best known for the development for:

C. Code of Hammurabi

5. Judicial independence is characteristic of:

C. Common Law

8. Which of the following is not one of the three most important contemporary influences on the criminal justice system in Germany?

C. Constant threat of terrorism

3. Which of the following is not an example of a transnational crime?

C. Genocide

8. Approximately how many persons are included in the 3,000 indigenous nations present in the world today?

A. 200 million

13. Socialist Law is historically grounded in:

A. Civil Law Tradition

14. England is an example of which type of Legal Tradition:

A. Common Law

8. The single thing needed most for solving the problems of transnational crime and justice is:

A. Global Cooperation

15. When looking at the 10 crimes surveyed by the ICVS, in comparison to the model countries the United States has:

A. Highest overall crime rates

13. Which model country has the lowest overall crime rates?

A. Japan

10. Which problem has plagued comparative researches for many years in regards to international crime statistics?

A. Lack of standard definitions of crime

11. Which Supreme Court case extended the exclusionary rule, formerly required in federal cases to states?

A. Mapp v. Ohio

4. Law that regulates behavior between individuals is:

A. Private Law

1. The first attempt to collect data on crime at the international level occurred at:

A. The General Statistical Congress in Brussels

2. The international human rights movement emerged after World War II to prevent which type of incidents from occurring again?

A. The Holocaust

11. Why were the six "model" nations selected for highlighting in the textbook?

A. They reflect particular historical families of law and political frameworks

4. How is a transnational crime different from an international crime?

A. Transnational crimes always involve more than one country

3. France has a:

A. Unitary Civil Law legal system

10. The Roman Catholic Church developed its own law, which is called:

B. Cannon Law

15. France is an example of which type of Legal Tradition:

B. Civil Law

1. The most typical form of borrowing from legal traditions is to combine aspects of which families of law?

B. Common and Civil

1. The term used to describe the study of the causes and correlates of crime in two or more cultures is:

B. Comparative Criminology

12. The term "culture" in this course refers to:

B. Deep-seated patterns of thought and behavior that developed over time

10. Arrangements for the administration of justice within countries:

B. Develops over the course of centuries in response to local needs and historical events

10. In Confucian ethics, the main force behind motivating people to avoid illegal or immoral activities is:

B. Group consciousness

2. The major component of Parliament in England, which has 650 fixed elected members is:

B. House of Commons

14. Under Shari'a Law what is the punishment of last resort?

B. Imprisonment

7. Germany is divided into 16 states, called:

B. Lander

4. Which crime statistics initiative collects data on every incident and arrest within 22 offense categories made up of 46 specific crimes?

B. National Incident- Based Reporting System (NIBRS)

12. Which of the following of our model countries has the lowest homicide rates?

B. Saudi Arabia

7. Which crime statistics assembly method involves people reporting their own delinquent and criminal acts?

B. Self- Report Surveys

5. Which agency or organization is the research, development and evaluation agency of the U.S. Department of Justice?

B. The National Institute of Justice (NIJ)

14. The majority of the American Crime problem is one of:

B. Violent crime

1. Comparative Criminal Justice investigates and evaluates a national system of justice in terms of other countries, cultures, or institutions.

True

1. During the last 50 years, more widely shared notions of justice have emerged as countries have communicated through the United Nations and other regional and international organizations about issues of common concern.

True

1. Understanding crime trends is important both domestically and internationally.

True

10. According to the ICVS, when taking all sexual offenses together, victims knew the offender in about half the cases.

True

10. Equity courts arose out of the practice of appealing directly to the king to rule on cases that did not fit well into the Common Law structure.

True

10. Social and economic forces are extremely important in shaping attitudes and developments related to Administration of Justice, and they are often tied to historical and political events.

True

11. What a country decides is illegal tells us something about that nation's social, economic, and political situation.

True

12. Common Law is based on precedent and therefore law is not written down in one place within this tradition.

True

12. Disguising funds obtained from illegal activity, using banks or businesses to make it appear as lawful income, is called money laundering.

True

12. Homicide rates should be more reliable than those for other crimes, because of the presence of a human body in nearly every case.

True

13. Professed values are those that are proclaimed as values by the participants in the system.

True

14. Throughout history religion and religious texts have always been important sources of influence on the law.

True

15. Easy access to guns is one factor that may contribute to the high homicide rates in the United States.

True

2. In regards to crime, perceived risk and social action are closely tied to each other.

True

2. The families of law continue to guide the operation of the police, courts and corrections within individual countries.

True

3. All modern legal systems combine written laws that place limits on behavior, and rules that derive from decisions about particular cases.

True

4. The CTS focuses more on information about criminal justice systems than on the measurement of crime.

True

4. There may be some overlap between Transnational Crimes, because a few crimes can sometimes be placed in both categories.

True

5. Comparative Criminal Justice applies the comparative methodologies used in law and political science to the social sciences of sociology and criminal justice.

True

6. An example of a type of Civil Law would be the Ten Commandments.

True

7. Napoleon Bonaparte rose to power in France and enacted a series of governmental reforms that significantly changed the administrative and legal structures of that country.

True

8. Both the French and the German codes have been enormously influential in the development of law over the past two centuries.

True

8. Innovations in communication, ease of worldwide travel and growth in technology have played a part in fueling globalization.

True

9. Technological growth and computers have allowed criminals to utilize the same systems to further their criminal activity that legitimate businesses use.

True