CM 313 Final

Problem-solution

problem and solution

Which of the following is not a call to action?

"Signing up to be an organ donor can save up to eight lives."

Which of the following are specific purpose statements for an informative speech?

1. "To explain to my audience two types of influenza and ways to prevent them." 2. "To describe to my audience the benefits and challenges of becoming a business owner."

Speech to convince

Asks audience to believe or agree with you

Guidelines for Competent Informative Speaking

Be informative Adapt to audience Avoid information overload Tell story well: Choose story to fit audience, fit main goal of speech, illustrate main point, keep story concise, practice telling the story, be animated and visual when telling the story

Combination Method

Begin with NGT Add ideas from brief brainstorming session Try using all 3 methods

This theory deals with how people respond when they do not get the kind of nonverbal behavior they think they will get.

Expectancy Violations

Using the "we" language, using good volume, and making eye contact are all examples of

Immediacy Behavior

Which of the following statements is false about different methods of delivery?

Impromptu speaking is the preferred delivery for most business speakers.

Which of the following is a description of messages in high-context cultures?

The person's gestures, facial expressions, and status are considered to be of major importance.

When considering ethics, which rule says create the greatest good for the greatest number of people?

Utilitarian Rule

Which of the following is not a suggestion for interviewees?

1. Ask about salary or benefits in an initial interview 2. Speak quietly and in a muted tone

What can a group do to decrease the chances that groupthink will negatively affect its decisions?

1. Bring in outside experts with differing opinions 2. Use leaders who keep personal opinions to themselves until members speak 3. Ask members to be critical evaluators

Which of the following statements is true about managing communication anxiety? Select ALL that apply

1. Careful preparation can reduce anxiety by as much as 75%. 2. Starting a speech with humor can help relax the speaker as well as the listeners. 3. Think of your speech as a communication instead of a performance. 4. The combination of efforts is often the best way to reduce apprehension.

Which of the following is recommended for interviewees? (Select ALL that apply.)

1. Don't let closed questions limit your answers. 2. Avoid saying yes or no to loaded questions. 3. When asked direct questions, watch interviewer's face and see if a short or long answer is expected. 4. Beware of leading questions.

What are the differences between informative and persuasive presentations?

1. Informative presentations are neutral; persuasive presentations take a position 2. Informative presentations teach the listeners something; persuasive presentations influence listener attitudes, feelings, or behaviors

Which of the following strategies can be used to handle dysfunctional behaviors?

1. Seat the person immediately next to the leader 2. Avoid direct eye contact 3. Plan your opening remarks carefully

Which of the following is not recommended as an effective way to answer unlawful questions during an employment interview?

1. Silently refuse to answer the question 2. Answer the question as it was asked

Which of the following statements is true about outlining. Select ALL that apply.

1. Start with a preparation outline and then develop a presentation outline 2. Begin with your body before developing your introduction and conclusion

What are guidelines for competent informative speaking?

1. Tell us what we don't already know 2. Adapt your topic to your audience's knowledge base 3. Tell your story well 4. Avoid information overload

What is an effective way to answer the interview question: "Tell me about yourself?"

1.Succinctly connect your skills to the company or position you are interviewing for. 2. Use the present, past, and future formula.

Which of the following statements is true about the basic problem-solving procedure?

A checklist of criteria should be established so the group knows what guidelines to use in evaluating the solutions.

The issue is minor, conflict hurts both parties, or brief conflict reduction is needed for more research or member cool down

Accomadation

Jeanie always flips her hair behind her ear when she talks in a group. This is an example of: _________________.

Adaptors

Effective answers for unlawful questions

Asking for clarification of the relevance of the question Asking the same question of the interviewer Laughing and asking if that is a qualification Answering the fear behind the question

Speech to Actuate

Asks the audience to tak a particular action

"It was a long and arduous day. I had been in negotiations for hours. The third party arbitrator was unsuccessful and I was down to my last offerings. My challenge was to get cleaner facilities but I didn't want to increase the pay. Perhaps a more impressive benefits package would satisfy but I knew that if I didn't come up with a convincing consequence to not following the instructions given that it would fall on deaf ears. Finally, after several attempts, my daughter cleaned her room."

Attention Getter

What are Monroe's Motivated Sequence?

Attention, needs satisfaction, visualization, and action

This theory explains how people process information and explain the behavior of others and themselves.

Attribution Theory

If the tasks are very simple, the group is very large, and the time for decision is short, which of the following leadership styles works best?

Authoritarian Leadership Style

Brainstorming

Avoid negetive feedback Strive for longest list possible Strive for creative and unusual ideas Build from previously mentioned ideas Works best when members are outgoing and enjoy being creative

The issue is trivial, resistance is futile, destructive escalations are likely, losses outweigh gains, or time is short

Avoidance

Which of the following statements is not an effective way for giving instructions?

Be detailed and use as many words as possible.

To avoid groupthink...

Bring in outside experts Ask members to be critical evaluators Leaders should: voice opinions AFTER other, occasionally miss a meeting and allow someone else to lead, emphasize the importance of looking at many options, provide "second chance" to rethink choices

Causal

Cause-effect or effect-cause

Members are trained in problem-solving, parties have common goals and parties agree to reframe the conflict, time is not tight

Collaboration

Immediate action is needed, the parties know and expect the process, and power relationships are recognized

Competition

Both parties stand to gain, an ideal solution is not needed, time is short, a complex problem needs a temporary solution, or parties are equals

Compromise

What makes an effective team presentation?

Content: organized, supported, and smooth Visuals: creative, professional, and effective Delivery, smooth, polished, and dynamic

"I have an interest in researching new types of disciplinary methods for my home and professional use. I also have participated in making a behavioral contract for a emotionally disabled adolescent before."

Credability

Which statement is false about grapevine communication?

Effective managers ignore grapevine communication because it is mostly untruthful.

What is not a characteristic of effective resumes discussed in this text?

Effective resumes contain personal information such as gender, age, and height.

When listening to arguments, audience members will likely take one of two routes, central or peripheral.

Elaboration Likelihood Model

The intentional body movements and gestures that communicate an exact meaning are called

Emblems

_________________ is the process the communicator goes through in trying to create and send a message.

Encoding

Whether a behavior is considered sexual harassment depends on the intentions of the harasser.

False

Breakdowns in communication often occur due to inaccurate encoding and decoding because we use our own background and experience which is also referred to as__________________

Frame of Reference

What is an effective way to answer a behavioral question?

Frame your answers using the situation, action, and result (SAR) method

Interview organization

Funnel sequence: from open questions to closed questions Inverted funnel sequence: from closed questions to open questions Hourglass sequence: from open to closed and back to open Diamond sequence: from closed to open to closed

Preparing for the interview

Have a positive attitude Communicate and dress for the occasion Be prepared for any type of interview Carefully plan answers to probable questions Be prepared with questions for the interviewer Follow up the interview Send a thank you card

_________________________organizations focus on a team-based orientation and encourage employee participation in important decision-making situation.

Human Resources

Nominal Group Technique (NGT)

Ideas generated silently by each member Ideas recorded on a board or flip chart Ideas discussed for clarification only Each member privately selects top five

Electronic brainstorming

Ideas typed on computer by each member Ideas stored for later group viewing Software gives option of concealing identities Generally produces more ideas Very effective with large groups

Which of the following is not recommended when answering questions during a job interview?

If caught off guard, answer it quickly & change the subject.

Which of the following is false about written communication?

In a business report, focus on your interests and needs.

Which of the following is a characteristic of individualistic cultures?

Individual rights and autonomy are valued more highly than group rights.

A failure to distinguish between what we observed firsthand and what we only assume to be true.

Inference-observation confusion

Presenting both sides seems to make listeners more resistant to additional new or novel arguments.

Inoculation Theory

Which of the following statements is false about nonverbal communication?

Interviewers tend to rate applicants dressed in lighter colors more competent than applicants dressed in darker colors.

Which of the following statements is false about interpersonal relationships in the workplace?

Job satisfaction rarely spills over into life satisfaction.

Which of the following statements regarding listening is true?

Listening is the process of receiving and responding to others' messages.

What are the persuasive factors?

Logos: Logic Ethos: Credibility of speaker Pathos: Emotions of audience Opinions of key people

Which of the following groups demonstrates a characteristic of an effective team?

Members of Group Peach always come to meetings well-prepared.

The following sequence is an example of a persuasive pattern: get attention, develop a need for a change, satisfy the need, use visualization, and ask for action. Which method is this?

Monroe's Motivated sequence

"Most people work with or around children at some point in their lives. You might find this approach helpful for you in the future"

Motivation

A checklist of criteria should be established so the group knows what guidelines to use in evaluating the solutions.

Nominal Group Technique

Interview questions

Open-ended Hypothetical Direct (Specific) Closed Loaded Leading Third-person Verbal and nonverbal

Interview Phases

Opening phase Question-response phase Closing phase

Characteristics of effective teams

Prepare and organize Receive periodic training Examine assumptions and opinions Evaluate possible solutions by comparing them to criteria and consequences Manage cultural diversity Operate virtually when needed Avoid groupthink

"I will explain what a behavioral contract is. Secondly, I will discuss two case studies in which behavioral contract has been used effectively. Finally, I will discuss concerns in using this approach."

Preview

"Today, I will inform you about how to use behavioral contract with young children."

Purpose Statement

On the first day of your job, the boss gives you an assignment using jargon and technical terms you are unfamiliar with. You realize you missed part of the information, and now you are confused about how to begin your task. Which of the following barriers to listening was the problem?

Semantic

Upright standing posture, relaxed manner, and confident movements are all __________.

Signs of Power

Audience members compare their position (called an anchor) with the speaker's position, looking for a latitude of acceptance, noncommitment, and rejection.

Social Judgement Theory

Which of the following is the best example of an opening sentence for a speech?

Some 3 years ago, one of my best friends—a young woman about your age—was told she had cancer.

A speech entitled "What to see on the National Mall in Washington D.C." includes the following main points: (1) from the Lincoln Memorial to the Washington Monument, (2) between the Washington Monument and the National Air and Space Museum; and (3) between the National Air and Space Museum and the U.S. Capitol. This is an example of what type of organizational pattern?

Spatial

Which is not a good way to establish your credibility?

Speak in a timid or hesitant manner.

Which of the following statements is false about visual aids?

Statistics should be used frequently to boost your credibility.

According to the transactional model of communication the communicator must be___________ and __________before wanting to send or receive a message.

Stimulated/Motivated

A ______/________ manager might say the following: "Regardless of what other manager may say, there is no single best way to manage - any model could be successful."

Systems/Contingency

Which of the following is not a bad listening habit?

Taking brief notes and writing down keywords.

Bob is a project manager, and he is feeling pressure because of an impending deadline. He views time as a valuable resource and is concerned about accomplishing the project on time. Which listening style should Bob use in his next meeting?

Task-Orientated Listening

Your friend, Vicky, has four job offers and needs your advice about which company to choose. She is tech-savvy, self-motivated, finds change exciting, and enjoys working from home. She doesn't do well with highly structured environment. Which company would best fit Vicky?

The Transformational Johnson & Johnson

Topical (Claim/reasons)

Topic

Methods or organization

Topical - topic Chronological - time Spatial - Location/geography Causal - cause-effect or effect-cause

Two types of communication anxiety include___________________ and _________________.

Trait and Situational.

Strategies for smoothly connecting ideas

Transitions: movement from one point to the next Signposts: numerical highlights Internal previews: highlight key points within a main point Internal Summaries: reminding audience of key points just discussed

As long as the comments are not phony, manipulative, or false, research indicates that the controlling style of impression management results in more job offers and higher ratings of the candidate for motivation, enthusiasm, and technical skills.

True

Preparing for Job Hunt

Use multiple methods to find a job Locate specific jobs of interest Prepare an effective resume (paper and online): Attention grabbing, nicely formatted, and complete Prepare effective cover letter Submit your application Prepare for the interview Follow-up/thank you note

Which of the following is not a good reason for including visual aids in your presentation?

Visual materials are less work to make