Cna 170 chapter 3
These are used to extend the radio frequency cell.
Wireless repeaters
Compared to access points used in the SOHO environment, enterprise access points typically have more advanced security features what are some?
a built-in user database for local Remote Authentication Dial-In User Service (RADIUS) authentication
Wireless bridges can work in either of these frequencies.
2.4 GHz ISM or 5 GHz UNII band
The nominal voltage for PoE is what?
48 VDC (the amendments allow for a range of 44 to 57 VDC at the power source)
SOHO access points also provide more advanced security features such as what?
802.1X/EAP or virtual private network (VPN) pass-through
Power over Ethernet now consists of two ratified amendments to the IEEE 802.3 standard. What are they?
802.3-2005 Clause 33, also known as IEEE 802.3af, and IEEE 802.3at, sometimes called PoE+.
Every time the data traverses a wireless link using the same frequency, the data throughput is reduced by how much?
About 50%
This feature helps protect a network from unauthorized Internet traffic but still allows authorized traffic.
An integrated stateful firewall
These are self-contained units and can function as independent network infrastructure devices.
Autonomous access points
These are self-contained units with all the intelligence necessary to provide devices with wireless access to a wired network infrastructure and access to the resources the devices have permission to use.
Autonomous access points
Benefits, features, and advantages available on wireless LAN controllers include what?
Centralized administration Controller-based access points Virtual LAN (VLAN) Power over Ethernet (PoE) capability Improved device roaming Wireless profiles Advanced security features Captive portal Built-in RADIUS services Site survey tools Radio frequency spectrum management Firewall Quality of service Redundancy Wireless intrusion prevention system (WIPS) Direct or distributed AP connectivity Layer 2 and Layer 3 AP connectivity
These access points are centrally managed from the wireless LAN controller.
Controller-based
These function in conjunction with the wireless LAN controller.
Controller-based access points
These provide a wireless infrastructure without the use of a hardware controller.
Cooperative access points
These are sometimes referred to as a "controllerless architecture," because the intelligence has been pushed back out to or distributed to the access point edge, similar to that of the autonomous access point but with much more intelligence and capabilities.
Cooperative networks
In computer network terminology, the definition of half duplex is closest to which of the following? A. One-way communication only B. One-way communication one way at a time C. Two-way communication both directions simultaneously D. Two-way communication one way at a time
D
This reduces the amount of infrastructure traffic because the controller-based access point is able to make more decisions, taking some of the load away from the wireless controller
Distributed data forwarding
These supply DC power and computer data directly at the Ethernet port rather than relying on an intermediate device to supply the power
Endpoint devices
These typically have a much more extensive feature set than the previously mentioned SOHO access points
Enterprise access points
Wireless branch router typically has three interfaces available what are they?
Ethernet port(s) to connect to a LAN Internet port to connect to the WAN or to an Internet connection Wireless port to allow IEEE 802.11 computers and devices to connect to a network through a wireless connection
Enterprise access points can commonly be configured or "staged" two different ways what are they?
Graphical User Interface (GUI) Configuration Command-Line Interface (CLI) Configuration
SOHO-grade access points have the following features.
IEEE 802.11 standards support Wi-Fi Alliance certifications Removable antennas Static output transmit power Advanced security options Wireless bridge functionality Wireless repeater functionality Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP) server Configuration and settings options
Enterprise-grade access points can include the following features.
IEEE 802.11 standards support Wi-Fi Alliance certifications Removable or expandable antennas Adjustable output transmit power Advanced security options Multiple operation modes, including root access point, wireless bridge, and wireless repeater capabilities Graphical user interface (GUI) configuration Command-line interface configuration
The most common SOHO access points support which IEEE amendments?
IEEE 802.11b, IEEE 802.11g, and IEEE 802.11n
All newer-model SOHO access points support the highest security features including what amendments?
IEEE 802.11i, and WPA 2.0 personal and enterprise modes
This is an amendment to the IEEE 802.11 standard to include wireless mesh networking that was ratified in 2011
IEEE 802.11s
Wireless residential gateways are usually equipped with what?
Internet port, several ports for Ethernet switches, and a wireless access point.
In a wired Ethernet network, repeaters function at what layer of the OSI model?
Layer 1
Other features of Wireless branch routers include what?
Layer 3 VPN tunnels between devices and the router on each side that acts as a VPN endpoint or pass-through Point-to-Point Tunneling Protocol (PPTP) Layer 2 Tunneling Protocol/Internet Protocol Security (L2TP/IPSec) SSH2 Advanced IP networking services Edge router capability
Some examples where wireless mesh networks are currently utilized are what?
Metropolitan University campuses Public safety Transportation Government Amphitheaters
These inject the required DC voltage (48V nominal) into the Ethernet cable allowing the AP, bridge, or other powered device to receive electrical power and computer data.
Midspan devices
Some of the features of a broadband router include what?
Network Address Translation (NAT) Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP) server IP routing Domain Name System (DNS) services Firewall
These are all types of antennas commonly used in the enterprise environment.
Omnidirectional, semidirectional, and highly directional antennas
This standard makes five classes of powered device available (class 0 through class 4).
PoE
This enables a device to receive DC power and computer data at this distance without the need for electrical power at the point where the device is installed or located.
Power over Ethernet
This sends direct current (DC) voltage and computer data over the same Ethernet cable, enabling a device to receive DC power and computer data simultaneously.
Power over Ethernet (PoE)
Wireless LAN controllers support this allowing direct current voltage and computer data to be sent over the same cable
Power over Ethernet (PoE)
These assist in placement of access points and other infrastructure devices.
Predictive site survey tools
These features help time-critical applications such as voice and video communications minimize latency and allow for traffic prioritization.
Quality of service
This consists of adjusting RF parameters such as the channel (frequency) and the RF transmit power after deployment.
RF spectrum management
This allows for fault-tolerant deployments and provides uninterrupted access in the event an access point or wireless LAN controller fails.
Redundancy
This is typically the default operation mode in which an enterprise-grade access point is set.
Root Access Point Mode
This mode involves connecting the access point to a distribution system (DS) such as an Ethernet segment, wireless distribution system (WDS), or network infrastructure.
Root Access Point Mode
Enterprise access points typically have several operation modes. name some.
Root Access Point Mode Wireless Bridge Mode Wireless Repeater Mode
These access points usually have a less extensive feature set than enterprise-grade access points.
SOHO-grade
This is the logical name or identifier that all devices connected to the access point will share.
SSID
These help protect against broadcast storms, rogue DHCP server attacks, Address Resolution Protocol (ARP) poisoning, and other potential attacks against the wireless LAN.
Stateful firewalls
This will help determine and have the potential to mitigate certain levels of wireless intrusions or attacks on the network.
WIPS (wireless intrusion prevention system)
Certifications from the Wi-Fi Alliance are a common feature of SOHO access points, these certifications include what?
WPA/WPA 2.0 and WPS for security, WMM and WMM-PS for QoS.
These connect two or more wired LANs together.
Wireless bridges
The typical transmit output power of a SOHO model access point is what?
about 15 dBm or 32 mW
This is a network infrastructure device that can connect to a distribution system (DS)—typically an Ethernet segment or Ethernet cable—and allow wireless users to access network resources.
access point
One benefit of having adjustable output power is what?
an installer can adapt to the environment in which the access point is installed
Wireless access points are available in three common types what are they?
autonomous, controller-based, and cooperative
This can be hosted by an outside service provider, an autonomous access point, or a wireless controller, and in a cooperative system on the access point.
captive portal
This will intercept a user's attempt to access the network by redirecting them to a web page for authorization
captive portal
A wireless LAN controller with this gives an administrator complete control over the wireless network from a single location
centralized administration
Wireless LAN controller solutions consist of two common types of architectures what are they?
centralized and distributed
The access point for the most part was just a radio and antenna, and traffic decisions were sent to the controller through an Ethernet cable. This technique is also known as what?
centralized data forwarding
This determines the maximum amount of power a device requires, thereby allowing the PSE to better manage the amount of power delivered to a specific port.
classification signature
There are many benefi ts to using devices that support PoE what are some?
cost savings and convenience
There are two types of midspan devices what are they?
device—single-port injectors and multiport injectors
Connecting access points that are not directly plugged into a port on the wireless LAN controller is a feature known as what?
distributed AP connectivity
The DC voltage (power) can be delivered to the device in one of two ways what are they?
endpoint device midspan device
An access point model with static output power can be adjusted (true/false)?
false it cannot be adjusted
Connecting locations together using wireless bridging has many benefits, including what?
fast installation, cost savings, and high data transfer rates.
This is defined as two-way communication that occurs in only one direction at a time.
half-duplex
In addition to providing access through a shared medium, access points are what?
half-duplex devices
In this operation mode, all wireless data traffi c is passed through the access point to the intended destination, whether that is a fi le server, a printer, the Internet, or anything else
infrastructure mode
When a wireless device is connected to an access point, it is said to be in this mode.
infrastructure mode
With enterprise access points you can change the power in increments of what?
mW or dBm.
This is an in-line device that functions like a patch panel
multiport injector
10BASE-T and 100BASE-T (Fast Ethernet) implementations use what? to carry data to carry data
only two wired pairs (four wires)
Enterprise-grade access points have various other features that make them stand above the SOHO-grade access point. Some of these features include what?
outdoor use, plenum ratings, industrial environment ratings, more memory, and faster processors to help handle the load and various environmental conditions.
Typically there are two configurations for wireless bridges what are they?
point-to-point or point-to multipoint.
This is the device that supplies the DC voltage to the end devices that receive the DC power.
power sourcing equipment (PSE)
This is defined as the device receiving DC power, such as a wireless access point, wireless bridge, IP camera, IP phone, and so on.
powered device (PD)
This feature is beneficial in order for computers and other wireless devices connected to the wireless LAN to maintain a connection while physically moving throughout the wireless network.
roaming
There are two popular types of autonomous access points what are they?
small-office home-office (SOHO) and enterprise
According to the IEEE 802.11 standards, access points are considered these. (abbreviated STA)
stations
Enterprise-grade access points can include support for some amendments to the standard not supported by SOHO-grade access points what are some?
support for IEEE 802.11e QoS, Wi-Fi multimedia, IEEE 802.11r fast BSS transition (FT), and IEEE 802.11w for the security of management frames
The transmit output power will determine in part the area of radio frequency coverage, also known as this.
the cell
The 802.11 standards supported in later-model SOHO access points will vary based on several factors what are some?
the cost and complexity of the unit
Controller-based access points differ from autonomous access points how?
they are used with wireless LAN controllers and not as standalone devices
An access point can operate as a standalone network device or operate as part of a larger wireless network (true/false)?
true
Controller-based access points are PoE-capable for ease of deployment in either mid-sized or large organizations (true/false)?
true
These define broadcast domains in a Layer 2 network by inserting VLAN membership information into Ethernet frames
virtual local area networks (VLANs)
This is also known as a wireless broadband router.
wireless LAN router
These are what allow a variety of wireless devices access to any network resources that the device or user may have permissions for.
wireless access point (AP)
This can be used to extend a corporate network to a remote location such as a home, conference room, or branch office through a secure connection using a WAN or the Internet.
wireless branch router
This monitors all activity across the wireless network for potential intrusion and malicious activities
wireless intrusion prevention system (WIPS)
This provides the capability for computers and other devices to connect to a wireless LAN even when outside the normal hearing range of the access point connected to the network.
wireless repeater
An access point configured in this mode can act to extend the radio frequency cell.
wireless repeater mode
SOHO or home broadband routers are also known as what?
wireless residential gateways
Standard (Ethernet) specifies a maximum distance of what for unshielded twisted pair (UTP) Category 5 (CAT5) Ethernet cable.
100 m or 328'
This defines the maximum cable length of an Ethernet cable to be 328' or 100 m.
The IEEE 802.3 standard
This amendment was released in 2003 and allocates 15.4 watts (W) of power per port maximum.
The IEEE 802.3-2005 Clause 33 (802.3af)
This configuration allows an access point to be set in bridge mode for wireless point-to-point or point-to-multipoint configurations connecting two or more LANs together.
Wireless Bridge Mode
These range from branch offi ce models with a few controller-based access points to large-scale enterprise devices with hundreds or even thousands of controller-based access points
Wireless LAN controllers
This allows a network administrator to utilize the most advanced security features available today to secure the wireless network.
built in RADIUS
