CNA Test: Chapter 3 Notecards

If family members would like to remain with their loved one's body after death, the NA should

Let them do so

___ may be one of the most important things a NA can do for a resident who is dying, she should pay attention to these conversations

Listening

A type of advance directive that outlines the medical care a person wants, or does not want, in case he or she becomes unable to make those decisions is called

Living will

List the 6 psychosocial needs that humans have

Love/affection, acceptance by others, safety/security, self reliance/independence in daily living, contact with others, and success/self esteem

1. Need for self actualization 2. Need for self esteem 3. Need for love 4. Safety/security needs 5. Physical needs

Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs

A child takes 3 years from birth to be able to move around, communicate basic needs, and feed themselves

False (1 year*)

As people age, they often become lonely, forgetful, and slow

False (active/engaged*)

Appetite increases with age

False (decreases*)

Middle aged adults usually do not experience any physical changes due to aging

False (do*)

Most adolescents do not feel that peer acceptance is important

False (feel*)

Infants develop from the hands to the head

False (from the head down*)

Elderly people no longer have sexual urges

False (have*)

TV and movies often present an accurate image of what it is like to grow old

False (inaccurate*)

Depression is normal in the elderly

False (isn't*)

Preschool children are too young to know right from wrong

False (know*)

Urinary elimination becomes less frequent in older adults

False (more*)

By 19 years old, most young adults have stopped developing physically, psychologically, and socially

False (physically*)

If a NA sees a sexual encounter between consenting adult residents, she should ask them to stop

False (provide privacy/leave the room*)

Responses and reflexes quicken as a person ages

False (slow*)

All elderly people have the same sexual behavior and desires

False (there's a variety*)

List the 5 basic physical needs that all humans have

Food/water, protection/shelter, activity, sleep/rest, and comfort (especially freedom from pain)

NAs can help residents with this as needed and requested before scheduled activities begin

Grooming

A false sensory perception, such as a person seeing her mother who has been dead for many years in front of her is an

Hallucination

___ is usually the last sense to leave the body

Hearing

Caring for each person as a whole person, not a collection of ailments

Holistic care

How do the goals of hospice care differ from those of long term care?

Hospice care: provides comfort and dignity to the dying resident Long term care: focuses on getting the resident healthier or helping the resident to care for themselves as much as possible

A loss of ___ is very difficult for a person to deal with

Independence

Incontinence and loss of ability to think logically are not normal changes of aging

True

Many older adults can lead active and healthy lives

True

NAs must respect residents' sexual orientation

True

Older adults have different capabilities depending upon their health

True

Preadolescents are often easy to get along with and are able to handle more responsibility than they were as younger children

True

Prejudice against older people is as unfair as prejudice against racial, ethnic, or religious groups

True

Puberty is the stage of growth when secondary sex characteristics, such as body hair appear

True

Residents have the legal right to choose how to express their sexuality

True

School age children (6 to 10 years) develop cognitively and socially

True

Skin becomes drier and less elastic with age

True

Tantrums are common among toddlers

True

The NA should always knock and wait for a response before entering residents' rooms

True

The ability to engage in sexual activity continues unless disease or injury occurs

True

After death, the NA should place drainage pads under the body, these pads are most often needed

Under the perineum

Type of infection that inactivity can result in

Urinary tract

Mr. Lopez is dying of AIDS. He has called all of his friends to say goodbye and has discussed at length with his family the kind of memorial service he would like them to arrange. Which stage of grief is Mr. Lopez in?

Acceptance

Sarah, a NA, is assisting Mrs. Sanchez today. It is time to get Mrs. Sanchez dressed and ready for breakfast. Sarah enters the room without knocking. She does not see Mrs. Sanchez, so she walks over to the bathroom door and opens it. Mrs. Sanchez is pulling up her underpants. "Let's go," says Sarah. "We've got to get you dressed." Sarah chooses clean clothes and lays them out on the bed. Mrs. Sanchez starts to take off her nightgown but has trouble getting it over her head. Sarah reaches over and pulls it over her head. "Please sit down. I can do this faster." She quickly starts putting a clean shirt on Mrs. Sanchez. List all of the ways in which Sarah did NOT promote privacy, dignity, and independence.

1. Sarah didn't knock before entering the room 2. Sarah interrupted Mrs. Sanchez while she was in the bathroom and rushed Mrs. Sanchez instead of being patient 3. Sarah chose the clothes and dressed Mrs. Sanchez instead of letting her do it by herself

List the 3 legal rights to remember when working with residents who are dying

1. the right to refuse treatment 2. the right to have visitors 3. the right to privacy

___ of daily living (ADLs) are personal care tasks a person does every day to care for himself

Activities

Changes of position, back massage, skin/mouth care, and proper body ___ may help relieve pain

Alignment

Mrs. Tyler is dying of heart disease. One day as her NA, Annie, is assisting her with personal care, Mrs. Tyler lashes out at her. She tells Annie that she is a dumb girl who is wasting her life and does not deserve the many years she has left to live. Which stage of grief is Mrs. Tyler in?

Anger

Uneasiness or fear, often about a situation or condition is called

Anxiety

Which of the following means a lack of interest in activities?

Apathy

In addition to promoting better eating habits, regular activity increases this

Appetite

What are some things that you can do to improve your awareness of your residents' cultures and needs?

Ask questions about residents' lives/experiences, respect differences, and be tolerant

Ms. Cone has lived with her best friend, Ms. Lawrence, since they graduated from college together. They both dated men throughout their lives but were never married. Ms. Cone has a teenage daughter who was raised in their household. What type of family is this?

Extended family

Do not ___ the dying person or their family, do not deny that death is approaching, and do not tell the resident that anyone knows how or when it will happen

Avoid

Mr. Celasco has had lung cancer for several years. During that time, he has tried to quit smoking but has been unsuccessful. When he finds out that there are no further treatments for him to try, he pledges that he will give up smoking in exchange for a few more years to of life. Which stage of grief is Mr. Celasco in?

Bargaining

NAs should ___ perspiring residents often; skin should be clean and dry

Bathe

Which of the following types of mental illness is characterized by changing moods, high energy, and big speeches?

Bipolar disorder

Mrs. Rose had 3 children with her first husband. She divorced him when their youngest child was 2 years old. 2 years later she remarried, and she and her second husband raised her 3 children as well as 1 child from his first marriage. What type of family is this?

Blended family

How is the family of today defined?

By support of one another

1 type of cancer that regular physical activity lessens the risk of

Colon

Hospice goals focus on

Comfort and dignity of the dying person

A persistent false belief, such as a person believing that a resident in the net room can read their thoughts is an

Delusion

Mr. Crane was told 2 years ago that a tumor in his brain was inoperable and would eventually be fatal. Since that time, he has visited many specialists. Despite receiving the same diagnosis from every doctor, he continues to seek further opinions, insisting that each doctor try to remove the tumor. Which stage of grief is Mr. Crane in?

Denial

A loss of independence can cause increased ___

Dependence

Ms. Corke has always been lively and happy. Since she has discovered that she has Lou Gehrig's disease, however, her mood has changed drastically. Although she is still healthy enough to do activities, she rarely leaves her room or even changes out of her nightclothes. Which stage of grief is Ms. Corke in?

Depression

When medical personnel are instructed not to perform CPR if a person's breathing or heartbeat stops, it is referred to as a

Do not resuscitate (DNR) order

What is a type of advance directive that appoints someone to make medical decisions for a person in the event he or she becomes unable to do so?

Durable power of attorney for health care

I need to have a sense of belonging as well as feel accepted by people who are apart of my life

Example of "need for love"

I need the chance to learn new things

Example of "need for self actualization"

I need to know that I am doing a good job

Example of "need for self esteem"

I need oxygen, water, food, and rest in order to feel my very best

Example of "physical needs"

I need a place where I can go to feel protected (no danger present) and don't have to worry about anything

Example of "safety/security needs"

A resident tells his NA that he cannot drink milk with his hamburger due to his religious beliefs. He asks for some water instead. the NA takes the milk away and brings him some water.

Examples of appropriate ways to help residents with their spiritual needs

A resident asks an NA to read a passage from his Bible. The NA opens the Bible and begins to read.

Examples of appropriate ways to help residents with their spiritual needs continue...

A resident tells a NA that she does not believe in God. The NA does believe in God but does not argue with the resident. The NA listens quietly as the resident explains her reasons.

Examples of appropriate ways to help residents with their spiritual needs continue...

A resident wants to see a rabbi. The NA reports this request to the nurse.

Examples of appropriate ways to help residents with their spiritual needs continue...

A spiritual leader is visiting with a resident. The NA quietly leaves the room and shuts the door.

Examples of appropriate ways to help residents with their spiritual needs continue...

Mr. Potter was married in his 20s. He and his wife moved in with her parents and had 3 children. Later, when his younger sister was divorced, she also moved in with them. What type of family is this?

Extended family

Mr. Barter and Mr. Singer have been in a committed relationship for 15 years. They live with their 10 year old adopted daughter. What type of family is this?

Nuclear family

Mrs. Parker was married to her husband for 30 years. They lived together with their 2 children. What type of family is this?

Nuclear family

Abbreviation for federal law that requires that facilities provide an activities program that meets the interests of residents

OBRA

Residents may not be able to communicate that they are in ___, NAs should observe for signs and report them

Pain

Focusing on pain, relief, comfort, and dignity is called ___ care

Palliative

Hospice care encourages residents to

Participate in their own care as much as possible

An intense form of anxiety of fear is called

Phobia

Caring for a body after death is called

Postmortem care

Give ___ for visit from clergy, family, and friends

Privacy

A method of treating mental illness that involves talking about one's problems with mental health professionals is called

Psychotherapy

NAs should not discuss their personal ___ or spiritual beliefs with residents/their families or make recommendations

Religious

Hospice is the term for compassionate care given to

Residents who are dying

NAs should encourage ___, regardless of how long it takes or how poorly residents are able to do it

Self care

Mr. Dane's wife died giving birth to their twin girls. Mr. Dane never remarried and raised the girls himself. What type of family is this?

Single parent family

After death, the muscles in the body become

Stiff and rigid

The ability to cope with this is 1 benefit of regular activity

Stress

A NA should allow a resident to do a ___ independently even if it is easier for the NA to do it

Task

Perform ADLs, communicate, learn, move, adjust socially, and care for oneself

The abilities that may be affected by developmental disabilities

Treat adult residents as adults (regardless of their behavior), praise/encourage often (especially positive behavior), help teach ADLs by dividing a task into smaller units, promote independence, assist residents with activities/motor functions that are difficult, encourage social interaction, repeat words you use to make sure they understand (be patient)

The guidelines for caring for a resident who has an intellectual disability

___ can be very important, holding a dying resident's hand can be comforting

Touch

1 developmental task that most young adults undertake is to choose an occupation or career

True

Adolescents may be moody due to changing hormones and body image concerns

True

By the time a person reaches late adulthood, they must adjust to the effects of aging

True

Children learn language skills between the ages of 3 to 6

True

Diseases and illness are not a normal part of aging

True

From the ages of 6 to 10 years, children learn to get along with each other

True

If a NA encounters a resident being sexually abused, she should take the resident to a safe place and then notify the nurse

True

Immunity weakens as a normal part of aging

True