CNA Test: Chapter 3 Notecards
If family members would like to remain with their loved one's body after death, the NA should
Let them do so
___ may be one of the most important things a NA can do for a resident who is dying, she should pay attention to these conversations
Listening
A type of advance directive that outlines the medical care a person wants, or does not want, in case he or she becomes unable to make those decisions is called
Living will
List the 6 psychosocial needs that humans have
Love/affection, acceptance by others, safety/security, self reliance/independence in daily living, contact with others, and success/self esteem
1. Need for self actualization 2. Need for self esteem 3. Need for love 4. Safety/security needs 5. Physical needs
Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs
A child takes 3 years from birth to be able to move around, communicate basic needs, and feed themselves
False (1 year*)
As people age, they often become lonely, forgetful, and slow
False (active/engaged*)
Appetite increases with age
False (decreases*)
Middle aged adults usually do not experience any physical changes due to aging
False (do*)
Most adolescents do not feel that peer acceptance is important
False (feel*)
Infants develop from the hands to the head
False (from the head down*)
Elderly people no longer have sexual urges
False (have*)
TV and movies often present an accurate image of what it is like to grow old
False (inaccurate*)
Depression is normal in the elderly
False (isn't*)
Preschool children are too young to know right from wrong
False (know*)
Urinary elimination becomes less frequent in older adults
False (more*)
By 19 years old, most young adults have stopped developing physically, psychologically, and socially
False (physically*)
If a NA sees a sexual encounter between consenting adult residents, she should ask them to stop
False (provide privacy/leave the room*)
Responses and reflexes quicken as a person ages
False (slow*)
All elderly people have the same sexual behavior and desires
False (there's a variety*)
List the 5 basic physical needs that all humans have
Food/water, protection/shelter, activity, sleep/rest, and comfort (especially freedom from pain)
NAs can help residents with this as needed and requested before scheduled activities begin
Grooming
A false sensory perception, such as a person seeing her mother who has been dead for many years in front of her is an
Hallucination
___ is usually the last sense to leave the body
Hearing
Caring for each person as a whole person, not a collection of ailments
Holistic care
How do the goals of hospice care differ from those of long term care?
Hospice care: provides comfort and dignity to the dying resident Long term care: focuses on getting the resident healthier or helping the resident to care for themselves as much as possible
A loss of ___ is very difficult for a person to deal with
Independence
Incontinence and loss of ability to think logically are not normal changes of aging
True
Many older adults can lead active and healthy lives
True
NAs must respect residents' sexual orientation
True
Older adults have different capabilities depending upon their health
True
Preadolescents are often easy to get along with and are able to handle more responsibility than they were as younger children
True
Prejudice against older people is as unfair as prejudice against racial, ethnic, or religious groups
True
Puberty is the stage of growth when secondary sex characteristics, such as body hair appear
True
Residents have the legal right to choose how to express their sexuality
True
School age children (6 to 10 years) develop cognitively and socially
True
Skin becomes drier and less elastic with age
True
Tantrums are common among toddlers
True
The NA should always knock and wait for a response before entering residents' rooms
True
The ability to engage in sexual activity continues unless disease or injury occurs
True
After death, the NA should place drainage pads under the body, these pads are most often needed
Under the perineum
Type of infection that inactivity can result in
Urinary tract
Mr. Lopez is dying of AIDS. He has called all of his friends to say goodbye and has discussed at length with his family the kind of memorial service he would like them to arrange. Which stage of grief is Mr. Lopez in?
Acceptance
Sarah, a NA, is assisting Mrs. Sanchez today. It is time to get Mrs. Sanchez dressed and ready for breakfast. Sarah enters the room without knocking. She does not see Mrs. Sanchez, so she walks over to the bathroom door and opens it. Mrs. Sanchez is pulling up her underpants. "Let's go," says Sarah. "We've got to get you dressed." Sarah chooses clean clothes and lays them out on the bed. Mrs. Sanchez starts to take off her nightgown but has trouble getting it over her head. Sarah reaches over and pulls it over her head. "Please sit down. I can do this faster." She quickly starts putting a clean shirt on Mrs. Sanchez. List all of the ways in which Sarah did NOT promote privacy, dignity, and independence.
1. Sarah didn't knock before entering the room 2. Sarah interrupted Mrs. Sanchez while she was in the bathroom and rushed Mrs. Sanchez instead of being patient 3. Sarah chose the clothes and dressed Mrs. Sanchez instead of letting her do it by herself
List the 3 legal rights to remember when working with residents who are dying
1. the right to refuse treatment 2. the right to have visitors 3. the right to privacy
___ of daily living (ADLs) are personal care tasks a person does every day to care for himself
Activities
Changes of position, back massage, skin/mouth care, and proper body ___ may help relieve pain
Alignment
Mrs. Tyler is dying of heart disease. One day as her NA, Annie, is assisting her with personal care, Mrs. Tyler lashes out at her. She tells Annie that she is a dumb girl who is wasting her life and does not deserve the many years she has left to live. Which stage of grief is Mrs. Tyler in?
Anger
Uneasiness or fear, often about a situation or condition is called
Anxiety
Which of the following means a lack of interest in activities?
Apathy
In addition to promoting better eating habits, regular activity increases this
Appetite
What are some things that you can do to improve your awareness of your residents' cultures and needs?
Ask questions about residents' lives/experiences, respect differences, and be tolerant
Ms. Cone has lived with her best friend, Ms. Lawrence, since they graduated from college together. They both dated men throughout their lives but were never married. Ms. Cone has a teenage daughter who was raised in their household. What type of family is this?
Extended family
Do not ___ the dying person or their family, do not deny that death is approaching, and do not tell the resident that anyone knows how or when it will happen
Avoid
Mr. Celasco has had lung cancer for several years. During that time, he has tried to quit smoking but has been unsuccessful. When he finds out that there are no further treatments for him to try, he pledges that he will give up smoking in exchange for a few more years to of life. Which stage of grief is Mr. Celasco in?
Bargaining
NAs should ___ perspiring residents often; skin should be clean and dry
Bathe
Which of the following types of mental illness is characterized by changing moods, high energy, and big speeches?
Bipolar disorder
Mrs. Rose had 3 children with her first husband. She divorced him when their youngest child was 2 years old. 2 years later she remarried, and she and her second husband raised her 3 children as well as 1 child from his first marriage. What type of family is this?
Blended family
How is the family of today defined?
By support of one another
1 type of cancer that regular physical activity lessens the risk of
Colon
Hospice goals focus on
Comfort and dignity of the dying person
A persistent false belief, such as a person believing that a resident in the net room can read their thoughts is an
Delusion
Mr. Crane was told 2 years ago that a tumor in his brain was inoperable and would eventually be fatal. Since that time, he has visited many specialists. Despite receiving the same diagnosis from every doctor, he continues to seek further opinions, insisting that each doctor try to remove the tumor. Which stage of grief is Mr. Crane in?
Denial
A loss of independence can cause increased ___
Dependence
Ms. Corke has always been lively and happy. Since she has discovered that she has Lou Gehrig's disease, however, her mood has changed drastically. Although she is still healthy enough to do activities, she rarely leaves her room or even changes out of her nightclothes. Which stage of grief is Ms. Corke in?
Depression
When medical personnel are instructed not to perform CPR if a person's breathing or heartbeat stops, it is referred to as a
Do not resuscitate (DNR) order
What is a type of advance directive that appoints someone to make medical decisions for a person in the event he or she becomes unable to do so?
Durable power of attorney for health care
I need to have a sense of belonging as well as feel accepted by people who are apart of my life
Example of "need for love"
I need the chance to learn new things
Example of "need for self actualization"
I need to know that I am doing a good job
Example of "need for self esteem"
I need oxygen, water, food, and rest in order to feel my very best
Example of "physical needs"
I need a place where I can go to feel protected (no danger present) and don't have to worry about anything
Example of "safety/security needs"
A resident tells his NA that he cannot drink milk with his hamburger due to his religious beliefs. He asks for some water instead. the NA takes the milk away and brings him some water.
Examples of appropriate ways to help residents with their spiritual needs
A resident asks an NA to read a passage from his Bible. The NA opens the Bible and begins to read.
Examples of appropriate ways to help residents with their spiritual needs continue...
A resident tells a NA that she does not believe in God. The NA does believe in God but does not argue with the resident. The NA listens quietly as the resident explains her reasons.
Examples of appropriate ways to help residents with their spiritual needs continue...
A resident wants to see a rabbi. The NA reports this request to the nurse.
Examples of appropriate ways to help residents with their spiritual needs continue...
A spiritual leader is visiting with a resident. The NA quietly leaves the room and shuts the door.
Examples of appropriate ways to help residents with their spiritual needs continue...
Mr. Potter was married in his 20s. He and his wife moved in with her parents and had 3 children. Later, when his younger sister was divorced, she also moved in with them. What type of family is this?
Extended family
Mr. Barter and Mr. Singer have been in a committed relationship for 15 years. They live with their 10 year old adopted daughter. What type of family is this?
Nuclear family
Mrs. Parker was married to her husband for 30 years. They lived together with their 2 children. What type of family is this?
Nuclear family
Abbreviation for federal law that requires that facilities provide an activities program that meets the interests of residents
OBRA
Residents may not be able to communicate that they are in ___, NAs should observe for signs and report them
Pain
Focusing on pain, relief, comfort, and dignity is called ___ care
Palliative
Hospice care encourages residents to
Participate in their own care as much as possible
An intense form of anxiety of fear is called
Phobia
Caring for a body after death is called
Postmortem care
Give ___ for visit from clergy, family, and friends
Privacy
A method of treating mental illness that involves talking about one's problems with mental health professionals is called
Psychotherapy
NAs should not discuss their personal ___ or spiritual beliefs with residents/their families or make recommendations
Religious
Hospice is the term for compassionate care given to
Residents who are dying
NAs should encourage ___, regardless of how long it takes or how poorly residents are able to do it
Self care
Mr. Dane's wife died giving birth to their twin girls. Mr. Dane never remarried and raised the girls himself. What type of family is this?
Single parent family
After death, the muscles in the body become
Stiff and rigid
The ability to cope with this is 1 benefit of regular activity
Stress
A NA should allow a resident to do a ___ independently even if it is easier for the NA to do it
Task
Perform ADLs, communicate, learn, move, adjust socially, and care for oneself
The abilities that may be affected by developmental disabilities
Treat adult residents as adults (regardless of their behavior), praise/encourage often (especially positive behavior), help teach ADLs by dividing a task into smaller units, promote independence, assist residents with activities/motor functions that are difficult, encourage social interaction, repeat words you use to make sure they understand (be patient)
The guidelines for caring for a resident who has an intellectual disability
___ can be very important, holding a dying resident's hand can be comforting
Touch
1 developmental task that most young adults undertake is to choose an occupation or career
True
Adolescents may be moody due to changing hormones and body image concerns
True
By the time a person reaches late adulthood, they must adjust to the effects of aging
True
Children learn language skills between the ages of 3 to 6
True
Diseases and illness are not a normal part of aging
True
From the ages of 6 to 10 years, children learn to get along with each other
True
If a NA encounters a resident being sexually abused, she should take the resident to a safe place and then notify the nurse
True
Immunity weakens as a normal part of aging
True