Cog Psych 2/5

Free recall of the stimulus list "apple, desk, shoe, sofa, plum, chair, cherry, coat, lamp, pants" will most likely yield which of these response patterns?

"apple, cherry, plum, shoe, coat, lamp. chair pants"

Which example below best demonstrates state-dependent learning?

Although Emily doesn't very often think about her first love, Steve, she can't help getting caught up in happy memories when "their song" (the first song they danced to) plays on the radio

Which of the following learning techniques is LEAST likely to lead to deep processing of the information?

Bree has just bought a new car and is trying to learn her new license plate sequence. Every morning, for three weeks, she repeats the sequence out loud when she wakes up.

Which statement below is most closely associated with levels of processing theory?

Deep processing takes longer than shallow processing and results in better processing

How would you describe the relationship between elaborative rehearsal and maintenance rehearsal in terms of establishing long-term memories?

Elaborative is more effective than maintenance

According to the levels of processing theory, which of the following tasks will produce the best long-term memory for a set of words?

Making a connection between each word and something you've previously learned

Which of the following scenarios best illustrates how effective or ineffective maintenance rehearsal is in transferring information into LTM?

Serena's keys were stolen from her purse. She cannot give a detailed description of her keychain to the police, even though she used it every day for three years.

Bransford and Johnson's study had participants hear a passage which turned out to be about a man on the street serenading his girlfriend in a tall building. The wording of the passage made it difficult to understand, but looking at a picture made it easier to understand. The results of this study illustrated the importance of _______ in forming reliable long-term memories.

an organizational complex during learning

Mantyla's banana/yellow, bunches, edible" experiment demonstrates that, for best memory performance, retrieval cues should be created...

by the person whose memory memory will be tested

The elaborative rehearsal task of learning a word by using it in a sentence is generally most effective if the generated sentence is...

complex

Memory for a word will tend to be better if the word is used in a complex sentence (like "the bicycle was blue, with high handlebars and a racing seat") rather than a simple sentence (like "he rode the bicycle"). This probably occurs because the complex sentence...

creates more connections

Elementary school students in the U.S. are often taught to use the very familiar word "HOMES" as a cue for remembering the names of the Great Lakes (each letter in "HOMES" provides a first-letter cue for one of the lakes: Huron, Ontario, Michigan, Erie, Superior). This memory procedure usually works better than repeating the names over and over, which provides an example of...

elaborative rehearsal

According to the levels of processing theory, memory durability depends on how information is...

encoded

Acquiring information and transforming it into memory is...

encoding

People often report an annoying memory failure when they walk from one end of the house to the other for something and then forgetting what they went to retrieve when they reach their destination. As soon as they return to the first room, they are reminded of what they wanted in the first place. This common experience best illustrates the principle of...

encoding specificity

The principle that we learn information together with its context is known as...

encoding specificity

In Slameka and Graf's (1978) study, some participants read word pairs, while other participants had to fill in the blank letters of the second word in a pair with a word related to the first word. The latter group performed better on a later memory task, illustrating the...

generation effect

According to your text, imagery enhances memory because...

imagery can be used to create connections between items to be remembered

The story in the text about balloons that were used to suspend a speaker in mid air was used to illustrate the role of ____ in memory.

organization

Elaborative rehearsal of a word will LEAST likely be accomplished by...

repeating it over and over

____ cues help us remember information that has been stored in memory.

retrieval

Examples from your book describing real experiences of how memories, even ones from a long time ago, can be stimulated by locations, songs, and smells highlight the importance of ____ in LTM.

retrieval cues

Jenkins and Russell presented a list of words like "chair, apple, dish, shoe, cherry, sofa" to participants. In a test, participants recalled the words in a different order than the order in which they were originally presented. This result occurred because of the...

tendency of objects in the same category to become organized

Shallow processing of a word is encouraged when attention is focused on

the number of vowels in a word

Jeannie loves to dance, having taken ballet for many years. She is now learning salsa dancing. Although the movements are very different from the dances she is familiar with, she has found a successful memory strategy of linking the new dance information to her previous experiences as a dancer and to her own affection for dance. This strategy suggests reliance on...

the self-reference effect