com 2400 exam 3
Paul Lazarsfeld's theory is known as
2 step flow theory media influence on people is not direct but through opinion leaders
in the repeated scanning of the image, the scanning should occur at least ------- for continuous motion to be captured and reproduced
24x per second
nielsen audio has divided the country into
290 radio markets
about how many years does the FCC usually issue a broadcasting license for?
8
the agency that collect music royalty fees from radio stations since 1923 is:
ASCAP
the company that introduced the portable Peoplemeter is
Arbitron
Who is given the task of interpreting the PICON standard in real life?
FCC
With the transmitter and receiver equipment that Marconi developed, one person could send his/her voice wirelessly over to the receiver across long distances.
False
The term telecommunication is adapted from which language?
French
What was the role played by Gutta Percha in the development of submarine telegraph?
Gutta Percha was the sap of tree that was used to insulate the iron wires used to build a submarine telegraph line.
What does a modem do?
It converts the digital data from a computer into an analog signal that can travel through telephone wires.
What is one of the advantages of a centralized network?
It is easier to add new nodes to the network
If Spectrum, the cable provider in Kalamazoo, removes WWMT, the CBS affiliate based in West Michigan and adds a CBS affiliate from South Bend to their lineup, what is likely to happen?
It will affect WWMT's business because they lose the Kalamazoo audience for CBS programs.
American navy is said to have been not very friendly to Marconi and his American Marconi company at first because:
Marconi company was a subsidiary of a foreign (British) company
What is the difference between the contributions to telecommunications by Fessenden and Marconi?
Marconi's telecommunication system used morse code to send messages wirelessly between distant points, whereas Fessenden developed the technology to send human voice between distant points.
what is the difference between NPR and PBS?
PBS is a non-commercial television network whereas NPR is a radio network PBS is not a program producer but NPR is
What is FCC's primary consideration when deciding on the frequency band's size and location to be allocated for a technology application like television?
Suitability of the waves in the frequency for the application & Public demand and popularity of the application.
what did joseph may discover in 1873?
That the element selenium produces electric current when exposed to light
If FCC had not established a national standard for television in the US, what could have happened?
We might have to buy separate television sets for each television channel.
Which company dominiated the telegraph business in the U.S. at the start of the 20th century?
Western Union
----- is a first run syndicated show
Wheel of Fortune
In Great Britain BBC competes for audiences with ITV which is supported by revenues from
advertisers
ADI stands for
areas of dominant influence
in the scanner developed by farnsworth the image inside the television camera by scanned by a
bean of electrons
the major television networks were viewed by 95% of the national television audience in the 1970s bu tnow it has decreased to
between 20-35%
Firefox, Chrome, Safari, and Microsoft Edge are all browsers that are free to download but what is a browser?
browser is a program that reads instructions in an HTML document and creates a webpage accordingly.
How did the first radio stations hope to make money through radio broadcasting?
by promoting an existing business
an argument against PBS receiving federal funds is that
cable channels like Discover and History channel are able to fund themselves from commercials. why can't PBS do the same?
the ----- theory said that watching scenes of media violence would reduce the aggressiveness of viewer since hostile feelings would be purged
catharsis. viewing violence allows us to indirectly get rid of our suppressed aggression
broadcast license defines the following parameter of the licensed station:
channel power of transmitter antenna location
broadcast license defines the following parameter of the licenses stations
channel power of transmitter antenna location
The type of switching in which a path is dedicated to a communication session or call is known as:
circuit switching
Justice Oliver Wendell Holmes tried to answer the question whether individuals have absolute 1st Amendment freedoms in Schenk vs. U.S. (1919) where he stated his _____ standard. According to Justice Holmes: "Expression should be punished when words are used in such circumstances that they will bring about the substantive evils that Congress has a right to prevent."
clear and present danger
What standard did Justice Oliver Wendell Holmes uphold in 1919?
clear and present danger
---- is the company that conducts audience research on web sites?
comScore
who is the leading internet rating company today?
comScore, Inc
why were community leaders against educational tv?
community leaders were afraid that local control over the school curriculum and administration would be lost
from where does a PBS member station receive the largest share of its funding?
community members
When an electromagnetic wave begins at zero strength, peaks to its amplitude, dips down to its negative amplitude and returns to the zero point, the wave said to have completed one ---------
cycle
Which of the following statements are true about the contributions of Fessenden and de Forest to telecommunication?
de Forest's invention of the Audion tube made it possible for wireless signals from far away to be picked up and amplified by the receiver so that the message was clearly received. & Fessenden developed the technology to convert human voice to electric signals that can be transmitted without wires. & de Forest used Fessenden's voice transmission technology and started one of the first experimental radio stations.
The word telegraph means:
distant writer
The person who invented FM radio broadcasting was:
edwin howard armstrong
The media is regulated by reason of two theories, scarcity theory and pervasive presence theory. In scarcity theory, what resource is scarce?
electromagnetic spectrum
Early predictions that, because of its decentralized architecture, the Internet will strengthen freedom and democracy worldwide, have come true to a large extent.
false
Ground waves are waves broadcast from ground stations to the satellites.
false
The ancient modes of telecommunication were independent of the transportation or travel systems of the time.
false
cosmic rays and x-rays travel faster than radio waves.
false
nielsen publishes their findings in the nielsen television index once a year
false
CPM means cost per medium to advertisers interested in diverse media buys
false - CPM is cost per thousand. M because Mille is latin for thousand
the ratings companies are owned and operated by a agency administered by broadcasters, advertisers, and the government
false - rating companies maintain their independence because they have to provide unbiased reports on audiences
television is considered a ____________ ___________ because in most households, there is one television set that family members use as a gropu
family medium
Who was the scientist who demonstrated the existence of an energy that emanates from the intersection of an electric field and a magnetic field and travels through space in the form of waves?
heinrich hertz
early theories of media effects
held the premise that media would 'shoot' beliefs like a bullet into people's minds
one of the disadvantages of VOIP is:
in case of power failure, your VOIP will not work emergency services may not be able to contact you the quality of service may be unpredictable
--------- is a form of electromagnetic energy that travels at the speed of 186,000 miles.
infrared rays & light waves & cosmic rays
Internet of things refers to:
interaction among devices without human intervention
the chief contribution of the NTSC was that:
it made recommendations on the technical standards for tv in the us
What function does MTSO (Mobile Telephone Switching Office) serve?
it switches calls from mobile phones to landline phones & it switches calls from mobile phones to other mobile phones & it monitors the relative strength of the cell phone signals
The business success of a broadcasting institution is based on:
its ability to attract a large segment of the target population to its shows on a regular basis
according to the 2003 regulation WLNF, cell phone users were allowed to:
keep their cell phone numbers when they change service providers
programs broadcast by non-commercial television stations are produced by:
member stations and independent program producers who receive funding from CPB
male counterpart of the midriff
mook
The difference between GSM and CDMA is that they use different methods of-----------.
multiplexing the signals
who termed tv a 'vast wasteland'
newton minow
Who termed TV a 'vast wasteland'.
newton minow - Fcc's chairman
who has the most influence on people's voting behavior, according to lazarsfeld?
opinion leaders. people in the community whose opinions you respect
the new generation of peoplemeters is called the
passive Peoplemeter
the business arrangements between broadcasters and advertisers are based on
rating reports
desensitization theory argues that television violence will result in
reduction in emotional responsiveness to violence greater acceptance of justified violence insensitivity to discrimination and poverty
------- was the Canadian inventor who succeeded in sending human voice and music wireless from a transmitter to receivers at a distance.
reginald fessenden
The band used for international radio broadcasting in the 1950s and 60s before the invention of satellites is known as:
short wave
why were teachers against educational TV?
teachers were afraid that they will lose their jobs
which consumer demographic is the msot sought after by advertisers?
teenagers
Which telecommunication technology changes one form of energy to another form of energy to transmit messages?
telephone
what was a major finding of paul lazarsfeld's study?
that most people did not pay much attention to the political campaign on media that the direct impact of television and radio programs on people was limited that there is no evidence of direct, powerful, and immediate effect of media as predicted by magic bullet theories
the electric signal generated in the television camera by the scanning process is superimposed onto a carrier wave. another way os saying the same thing is:
the carrier wave is modulated by the electric signal
copyright protection lasts for
the life of the author plus 70 years
radio waves are located at:
the lower end of the electromagnetic spectrum
according to George Gerbner, the more time a person spends watching tv
the more his/her world view resembles the tv portrayal of the world
PICON introduced by the Radio Act of 1927 is ------------?
the operational standard of broadcasting set by the radio act of 1927
PICON introduced by the radio act of 1927 is ---
the operational standard of broadcasting set by the radio act of 1927
the great body of research conducted into the link between television violence and subsequent aggressive behavior strongly suggests that
there is a consistent correlation between viewing violent tv programs and aggressive tendencies
The difference between geostationary satellites and geosynchronous satellites is:
there is no difference between geostationary and geosynchronous satellites
Who is credited as the inventor of the World Wide Web?
tim berners lee
The function of a transponder in a satellite is to:
to receive a signal from an uplink & to amplify the signal from the uplink & to change the frequency of the signal from the uplink
Broadcasters set the advertisement rates for each program based on the size of its audience.
true
Cell system developed by AT&T enables cell phone companies to re-use frequencies in adjacent cells.
true
grand rapids-kalamazoo-battle creed's designated market area for tv was ranked 39th last year
true
indecent content is protected by obscenity is not
true
rating is the percentage of households watching a channel compared to all the people who had the option to watch said channel
true
if broadcasting is seen as a commercial activity, we can argue from the constitution that government has the right to regulate broadcasting
true - because constitution gives congress right to regulate interstate commerce
The first amendment protects us from 'prior restraint' this means:
we are protected from any government action that prevents us in advance from saying, showing or publishing something
the first amendment protects us from 'prior restraint' this means:
we are protected from any government action that prevents us in advance from saying, showing or publishing something
When did the bandwidth of the regular landline telephone network become inadequate to access the Internet?
when people started downloading high resolution graphics, music and movies from the Internet.
As a member of WMU academic community, you get free access to the internet. So then, who is your ISP?
wmu
the following is an example of a decentralized network:
world wide web
iconoscope was developed by
zworykin
