COMM 168 Exam 2
What photo(s) did Dorothea Lange capture in California?
"Migrant Mother"
A criticism of cable news shows panels is that they:
both of these
According to Jaron Lanier, what is "data dignity"?
both of these
How can "objectivity" in journalism be defined?
both of these
What is a "pundit"?
both of these
Which is true regarding media owners/publishers of the 19th century?
both of these
Why has talk radio become so popular?
both of these
"News deserts" are defined as only rural areas that do not have at least one local newspaper.
false
According to Mark Zuckerberg, Facebook sees itself as an editor of user content.
false
Podcasts are often a mix of:
information and entertainment
"Move fast and break things" was a popular slogan when Facebook first started, according to the Frontline documentary.
true
An early hope for Internet technologies would be that they would be the "great equalizers," i.e. democratize information.
true
Early photography required people to remain motionless for periods of time.
true
Forcing local news anchors to read a script can be construed as problematic in terms of press freedom and independence.
true
Margaret Bourke-White worked for Life Magazine and traveled the world as a photojournalist.
true
News media can mobilize communities by providing coverage that facilitates solutions to societal problems and addresses community concerns.
true
News wire services, such as Reuters, had early success by quickly moving to digitized content that they could sell to online aggregators.
true
One of the purposes of the Digital Transition and Public Safety Act was to facilitate the switch from analog broadcast television to digital.
true
One reason for not allowing cameras in courtrooms is that juries may be distracted.
true
One solution to reversing the trend of the closures of local commercial news organizations may be to have public media focus more programming on local news issues.
true
Social media played key roles in the rise of the 2011 Arab Spring.
true
On what did the documentary "The Facebook Dilemma" say Facebook's business model was fundamentally based?
Getting as much personal data from users as possible
The "Facebook Dilemma" FRONTLINE documentary asks:
Has Facebook been more harmful than helpful for U.S. democracy?
What did the sinking of the Titanic in 1912 have to do with broadcast regulation?
It accelerated the process of U.S. government regulation of the electromagnetic spectrum and its frequencies.
What sets apart the concept of Web 2.0 from the original Internet?
It is much more collaborative, emphasizes a participatory culture and user-generated content.
Highly commercial business models, little critical analysis of issues before publication, providing content that does not educate the public, and not facilitating a public interest in becoming more informed are criticisms of which normative function of U.S. news media?
Providing truthful, important information to citizens of a democracy
Which is a criticism of investigative journalism in the United States?
Pseudo investigations can exhaust public attention and divert from real issues
What is native advertising?
Sponsored content that appears like news content on a news website
What were the penny press newspapers of the 19th century?
Tabloid-style, cheap newspapers that became popular with the growing working and middle classes.
How has the COVID pandemic impacted photojournalists?
both of these
What does the quote "the media do not tell us what to think but are stunningly successful in telling us what to think about" mean?
both of these
What is the "scarcity rationale"?
both of these
Which is true of an editorial?
both of these
Which is true of radio and television station coverage of local news?
both of these
Recent trends indicate the FCC is further _____________ broadcast industries.
deregulating
According to recent polling, local news is not an important source of information for Americans.
false
Digital formats make it even easier for audiences to tell the differences among opinion, advocacy and news.
false
Direct, opinionated political commentary is a new phenomenon that began in the late 1990s, and only came to be because of cable news networks and the 24/7 news cycle.
false
Facebook is legally responsible for the content that people post on their pages.
false
Facebook owner, Mark Zuckerberg, immediately acknowledged Facebook's impact in the spread of misinformation during the 2016 U.S. presidential election.
false
Facebook was a tool that resulted in multiple dictatorships being overthrown and democratic regimes installed during the Arab Spring, especially in places like Egypt.
false
Investigative journalism is one of the safest forms of journalism to practice, in the United States and elsewhere.
false
Investigative journalism is only practiced in the United States.
false
Investors are increasingly seeing the purchase of local television stations as a bad business deal.
false
It's clear that social media are always a positive force for democratic quality.
false
Journalism corporations and industries have not been impacted by the growth and popularity of social media.
false
Journalists may use other people's content from their social media feeds without asking permission because once it's published online, it's freely available.
false
Most Americans can tell the difference between news reporting and opinion pieces.
false
Most of the programming for U.S. radio and television stations focuses on local news, personalities and events.
false
National news organizations do not cover local news.
false
On Facebook, factual news spreads faster than misinformation.
false
Pennsylvania allows cameras in the majority of its state courts.
false
Public radio and podcast producers have found that they share the same audience and markets, and so don't need to spend time marketing content to new audiences.
false
The FCC may fine a station that broadcasts a hoax, even if no harm is actually caused by the hoax.
false
The FCC strictly monitors broadcasters for any content that is considered "news distortion," and often issues fines.
false
U.S. investigative journalism began in the 1960s and 1970s.
false
U.S. investigative journalism units are located only in commercial news media organizations.
false
With the Red Lion v. FCC (1969) case, the Supreme Court unanimously struck down the constitutionality of the "Fairness Doctrine."
false
How can investigative journalism focused on politics be seen as non-partisan?
neither of these
How is photojournalism different from photography?
none of these
How was the standard of objectivity in journalism developed?
none of these
What does the agenda setting function of the press represent?
none of these
What is an argument for not allowing cameras in a courtroom?
none of these
Which is a responsibility of the FCC?
set limits on the number of broadcast stations one entity can own
What is a digital news product that is generally highly visual and also shorter in length?
short digital video segments
"Over-the-top" is a term referring to delivery of television and film content over the Internet, rather than through subscription services such as cable.
true
According to the FCC, broadcasters are primarily responsible for selecting the material they air.
true
According to the FRONTLINE documentary, Donald Trump's campaign spent $100 million using micro-targeted advertising on Facebook.
true
Increasing news literacy education may be one way to help U.S. audiences discern fact from opinion and news from commentary.
true
Investigations that are national in scope tend to get more public attention than local stories.
true
Investigative journalism is considered a niche, and not one of the most practiced forms of journalism in the United States.
true
Journalists can be both content creators and content curators.
true
Local television remains a profitable sector for investments; owning many stations can mean potential political power and influence.
true
Some argue that social media are the true threat to democracy, while others say they are just the latest technologies.
true
Some experts have suggested changing the Public Broadcasting Act to mandate that public television and radio stations must provide more local news programming.
true
Some of the best investigations are collaborative in nature, such as the team that broke the Panama Papers stories.
true
The advent of smaller, cheaper cameras meant more people had access to them and could take photos.
true
When local news outlets close, this is problematic in terms of the "marketplace of ideas" function that media are supposed to provide.
true
With more accessible smartphone technologies and increasing availability of digital media, more people could become citizen journalists.
true
What are some measures local news organizations are taking in order to survive?
All of these
What small country produced excess misinformation on Facebook during the 2016 U.S. Presidential campaign, according to the FRONTLINE documentary, "The Facebook Dilemma"?
Macedonia
What are "ghost papers"?
News organizations that have had their resources reduced so much that they are unable to produce much news content
What was an early pressure on U.S. print and broadcast news media to adopt an online presence?
The emergence of commercial web browsers
A good definition of investigative journalism is:
To uncover something that someone wants to be kept secret
Other countries, including the Philippines, have reported issues regarding the spread of political misinformation on Facebook, according to the Frontline documentary.
True
Digital media are:
all of these
Hoaxes and broadcasting false information are prohibited when:
all of these
In a democracy, a free press should:
all of these
In recent years, regulations are changing regarding:
all of these
The watchdog function of the press has also be referred to as:
all of these
What are some constraints on the practice of investigative journalism in the United States?
all of these
What influenced the development of the U.S. news media system?
all of these
What is a reason podcasts are so popular?
all of these
What kinds of things do investigative journalists need to develop their stories?
all of these
What led to the adoptation of objectivity as a U.S. journalistic standard?
all of these
What sets investigative journalism from other forms of news gathering activities?
all of these
What were some pressures on traditional print and broadcast media at the start of the digital/Information Age?
all of these
Who was Henry Luce?
all of these
Who was a famous wartime photojournalist in the 20th century?
all of these
Why are photography and video so influential in journalism?
all of these