COMM 230 Exam Review

Know the definition of persuasive speaking and how it is different from informative speaking

* An informative speech aims to inform the audience about a specific topic. * A persuasive speech aims to persuade the audience to perform a certain action

how to incorporate visual aids into a speech?

* Visual aids must be clear, concise and of a high quality. * Use graphs and charts to present data. * The audience should not be trying to read and listen at the same time * use visual aids to highlight your points.

What does the textbook suggest a speaker do to enhance their credibility in a persuasive speech?

*Explaining your competence *establishing common ground with the audience *speaking with genuine conviction.

In her persuasive speech, Kari wants to generate emotional appeal to help convince her classmates to sign up as organ donors. According to your textbook, how can Kari create this emotional appeal?

*Use emotional language *develop vivid examples *speak with sincerity and conviction

What are the ethical obligations that persuasive speakers are supposed to follow

*maintain your credibility and reputation. *To present a fair and accurate argument of your thesis. * To provide honest facts

What information needs to be included in a source citation?

1. Type 2. Author 3. qualifications 4. title 5. Year

According to your textbook, the following statement is an example of what type of fallacy? *Councilman Stewart's recommendations for a wind farm might work, but do you want to take advice from a man who was caught cheating on his wife?

Ad hominem abusive

According to your textbook, the following statement is an example of what type of fallacy? *The United States is one of only four countries in the world with a minimum legal drinking age of 21. Clearly, then, we should change our drinking age.

Bandwagon

T or F: Adapting to audiences is one of the easiest tasks facing beginning speakers.

False

T or F: Because everyone knows that a persuasive speaker's goal is to influence the audience's beliefs or actions, questions of ethics are less important in persuasive speaking than in other kinds of speaking.

False

T or F: Claims of fact usually include the word "should."

False

T or F: In most circumstances, you should keep your visual aids on display throughout your speech.

False

T or F: The red herring fallacy is often referred to as a false dilemma.

False

T or F: The two major elements of logos are evidence and emotional appeal.

False

T or F: To persuade my audience that capital punishment is unjust" is a specific purpose statement for a persuasive speech on a claim of fact.

False

T or F: Wikipedia is usually the only source you need when researching your speeches.

False

What error in reasoning is exemplified by the following statement?o . *My Volkswagen constantly needs repairs, and so does my roommate's Toyota. We can see, then, that foreign cars are unreliable.

Hasty Generalization

Because it follows the process of human thinking, __________ is particularly useful for organizing persuasive speeches that seek immediate action.

Monroe's Motivated sequence

T or F: "To persuade my audience that the federal government should ban all advertising for tobacco products" is a specific purpose statement for a persuasive speech on a claim of policy.

True

T or F: As your textbook explains, academic databases are particularly useful for finding articles in scholarly journals.

True

T or F: Claims of policy deal with whether something should or should not be done.

True

T or F: Competence and character are the most important factors affecting a speaker's credibility.

True

T or F: Establishing common ground with an audience is especially important in the introduction of a persuasive speech.

True

T or F: Hasty generalization occurs when a speaker draws a general conclusion on the basis of too few specific instances or instances that are atypical.

True

T or F: If you can't find the date on which a Web document was created or last modified, you are better off looking for a different source.

True

T or F: Monroe's motivated sequence is most appropriate for speeches that try to persuade listeners to take immediate action.

True

T or F: One of the reasons to use evidence when speaking to persuade is that it can enhance your credibility.

True

T or F: The bandwagon fallacy assumes that because something is popular, it is therefore good, correct, or desirable.

True

T or F: The either-or fallacy forces listeners to choose between two alternatives when more than two alternatives exist.

True

T or F: The process of audience analysis and adaptation affects every aspect of speech preparation from choosing a topic to delivering the speech.

True

T or F: To persuade my audience that cloning human beings is morally unjustifiable" is a specific purpose statement for a persuasive speech on a claim of value.

True

T or F: When speaking to persuade, you need to think of your speech as a kind of mental dialogue with your audience.

True

T or F: When you discuss a claim of policy, you must deal with three basic issues—need, plan, and practicality.

True

What is the definition for the ad hominem fallacy?

a personal attack on someone's character or motive rather than an attempt to address the actual issue at hand

What does audience-centeredness mean?

a type of communication when a speaker analyzes the audience to determine the content, language usage, and listener expectations.

According to your textbook, the following statement is an example of what type of fallacy? *There is no need to change our company's manufacturing process. Our assembly line has worked for the past 80 years, and it will work just fine for the next 80 years.

appeal to tradition

What are the five steps of Monroe's motivated sequence (and be sure to know the order)?

attention need satisfaction visualization call to action

According to your textbook, the following statement is an example of what type of fallacy? *We can either adopt a year-round school system or raise a nation of second-rate intellects.

either-or

Regardless of whether your aim is to encourage passive agreement or immediate action, you must deal with what three basic issues whenever you discuss a claim of policy.

need, plan, and practicality

According to your textbook, the following statement is an example of what type of fallacy? *Of course I have a plan to reduce our dependency on foreign oil. But how can we worry about foreign oil when millions of Americans are out of work?

red-herring

According to your textbook, the following statement is an example of what type of fallacy? *If we encourage elementary school students to use computers in the classroom, they will spend less time reading books. As a result, they will fall way behind in developing reading, writing, and thinking skills. Pretty soon we will have a generation of illiterates on our hands.

slippery slope

T or F: In most circumstances, a speaker should avoid passing visual aids among the audience.

true