Communication 101

"Every morning the rooster crows just before the sun rise; since the two events consistently correspond in the same order, the rooster must have caused the sun to rise." This is an example of which fallacy?

False cause

According to the chapter on listening, in order to become a better listener, a listener should do all of the following EXCEPT:

Focus exclusively on the mechanics of speaker's nonverbal delivery.

What kind of reasoning is used in the following statement? Because the crime-reduction policy I propose has worked successfully in New York, Houston, and New Orleans, we can be confident that it will work here as well.

analogical reasoning

According to the textbook on "Tips for Preparing Main Points," how should you edit the following main points: 1) Several AFC division teams of the NFL have won the Superbowl. 2) Several NFC division teams of the NFL have won the Superbowl 3) Why play football?

Try to use the same pattern of wording for the main points.

One of the ways to deal with nervousness about public speaking is to mentally imagine yourself successfully giving your speech. The book calls this technique ____________.

Visualization

Vocal sounds like "Ah," "Uh," and "Er," that fill the silence between words and ideas are called __________________.

Vocalized pauses

Which of the following is the most concrete and specific?

White House

The more ____________ a word, the more ambiguous it will be.

abstract

Ivan is attending a labor union meeting in which the labor union president is discussing the company's plan to decrease wages in exchange for an increase in vacation time. As Ivan listens, he is trying to determine whether or not to vote for the plan. According to your textbook on listening, Ivan is engaged in ____________ listening.

critical

Strong evidence can

-increase the persuasiveness of a speech -inoculate listeners against counter-persuasion -enhance a speaker's credibility

According to the textbook, an introduction should take up no more than which percentage of your total speech time?

10%-20%

According to the author, speech teachers often urge speakers to make eye contact with audience members for which percentage of their speech time?

80%-90%

When using statistics in a speech, you should

All answers are correct

Most library catalogues allow you to search for books by

All answers are correct (author, keyword, title)

Who wrote Rhetoric, one of the most important books on public speaking ever written?

Aristotle

Selena is working on an informative speech about Ultimate Frisbee. She asks her friend Gloria to help her edit the following line for better audience comprehension: "The cutters should line up in a horizontal stack so that the handlers have many targets they can hit." Gloria suggests the following change: "The players who try to catch the disc should spread out across the field so that the players who are throwing the disc have many different possible people to throw it to." Which guideline for informative speaking did Gloria use to edit the passage?

Avoid technical language

Which of the following thesis statements is most precise and narrow in its focus?

Britney Spear's career reached an important milestone when she started a regular gig at Planet Hollywood in Las Vegas.

Which organizational strategy does the author of our textbook consider typical for speeches about processes?

Chronological

All of the following are suggested ways to end your speeches EXCEPT___________.

End the speech without any warning

Which of the following statements about appeals to emotion is FALSE?

Ethics do not need to be considered when making an emotional appeal.

Which of the following statements about ethics is FALSE according to the chapter on ethics?

Ethics only matters to public speakers during the research stage of the speech process.

While traveling in Germany, Adelle cannot find a grocery store that is open on Sunday like she can when she is in the US because, for the most part, Germans treat Sunday as a day of rest from work. In her frustration, she says, "This is so wrong and stupid. Don't these people want to make money?" Adelle is displaying which characteristic discussed in Chapter 1?

Ethnocentrism

In the visualization step of Monroe's motivated sequence, the speaker

In the visualization step of Monroe's motivated sequence, the speaker

In his speech on evolution, Mel paraphrases the ideas of Richard Dawkins, putting Dawkins's work into Mel's own words. However, in his speech Mel does not mention that he is taking the ideas from Dawkins. What type of unethical act is Mel committing, according to Chapter 2 on ethics?

Incremental plagiarism

____________ is a five-step method of speech organization that follows the process of human thinking and leads the listener step by step to a desired action.

Monroe's motivated sequence

All of Professor Joe's classes are awesome. This is one of Professor Joe's classes; therefore, this class is awesome. This is an example of _____________________.

Reasoning from principle

Carol has a friend who goes to CSN and likes it. On a visit to campus with her friend, Carol meets twelve other students. All but one of them report liking CSN. The one who doesn't like CSN says he also does not like any other schools. Carol reasons from her data sample of thirteen CSN students that College of Southern Nevada is a good school. She is __________.

Reasoning from specific instances

While presenting information about computer hardware to an audience that knows very little about computers, Wayne asks his audience to compare the computer to themselves: "Think about the computer like you think of your body; it is made of several different systems--your nervous system, your cardio-vascular system, and your digestive system, for example--each with unique tasks that work together to form your healthy functioning body. It is the same way with a computer except the systems have different names and functions." Which of the following guidelines for informative speaking best describes what Wayne is doing in this example?:

Relating the subject to the audience

Which statement about the two sentences below is TRUE?

Sentence 1 is a more abstract description than the other. Sentence 2 is a more concrete description than the other.

Kanye begins his speech as follows: "Imagine waking up one morning to the news that all the money in your wallet and bank account--those hard-earned dollars you spent so much time saving--are now worthless. The US economy has tanked, and the dollar is no longer good to buy your groceries and pay your bills. Well, this very thing recently happened to the good people of Greece." Which strategy for gaining audience attention is he using?

Startle the audience

When Raul presented his medical research in a speech to a group of middle school students, he removed most of the technical medical terms and replaced them with more common words. For example, he said "skull" instead of "cranium" when talking about where the brain is located. According to our text, what similarity between public speaking and conversation is Raul displaying in this example?

Tailoring messages to audiences

Which of the following statements is most clearly directed at the need issue in a persuasive speech on a question of policy?

Tanning beds can cause serious medical problems, including eye burns, blood-vessel injuries, and skin cance

The ____________ audience is the portion of the whole audience that the speaker most wants to persuade.

Target

While listening to a lecture on astrophysics, Leo finds most of the words and ideas to be unfamiliar and too difficult to understand. According to the speech communication process (pgs. 18-21), what is happening?

The listener's frame of reference for decoding the message is limited

"Divided there is little we can do; united there is little we cannot do" is an example of

antithesis

The teacher shortage will lead to larger class sizes and less face to face time between teachers and individual students.

casual reasoning

This strategy for organizing the main points of a speech is patterned according time.

chronological

Which of the following is the most general and abstract?

communication

According to Chapter 3, the two kinds of listening most closely tied to critical thinking are

comprehensive listening and critical listening

When using Monroe's motivated sequence to organize a persuasive speech on a question of policy, the action step should be placed in the

conclusion

The more ____________ a word, the more specific it will be.

concrete

The ____________ meaning of a word is what the word suggests or implies.

connotative

The following statement is an example of what type of fallacy? We should build a new high school or children in this community will never get into college.

either-or

At a coffee shop on campus, Rachel listens to her friend Shanti discuss his feelings about his mother's recent death. According to your textbook, Rachel is engaged in ____________ listening.

emphatic

A(n) ____________ is a specific case used to illustrate or represent a group of people, ideas, conditions, experiences, or the like.

example

"To persuade my audience that consumption of red meat is linked to cancer" is a specific purpose statement for a persuasive speech on a question of ____________.

fact

Which cause of poor listening is best illustrated by the following example? At a city council meeting, Mayor Jerkus stopped listening when he saw that the speaker was a wearing shorts, had visible tattoos, and in general looked in a way that Mayor Jerkus describes as "like a thug."

focusing on personal appearance

The denotative meaning of a word is

is literal meaning or dictionary definition

"Once given a push, the machine of justice rolls on by itself" is an example of

metaphor

"Our mission is to serve justice, to right wrong, and to protect democracy" is an example of

parallelism

To restate or summarize a source's ideas in one's own words is to

paraphrase

In a persuasive speech to gain ____________, the speaker's goal is to convince the audience that a given policy is desirable without encouraging the audience to take action in support of that policy.

passive agreement

If you want to find journal or magazine articles on your speech topic, you should consult a(n)

periodical database

A question of ____________ deals with whether a specific course of action should or should not be taken.

policy

A ____________ is a list, compiled early in the research process, of works that look as if they might contain helpful information about a speech topic.

preliminary bibliography

What method of organization is used in a persuasive speech with the following main points? I. Fraudulent charity fundraising has become a widespread problem. II. The problem can be solved by a combination of government initiative and individual awareness.

problem-solution order

Which step of Monroe's motivated sequence involves explaining the solution in detail?

satisfaction

Three kinds of search aids discussed in the chapter for finding documents on the Internet are

search engines, virtual libraries, and government resources

"The steady flow of traffic sounded like the rush of a great river" is an example of

simile

The following statement is an example of what type of fallacy? Once we accept money from soft-drink companies for exclusive rights to sell their products in our high schools, it won't be long until businesses are deciding what courses should be taught and what teachers should be hired.

slippery slope

Which organizational strategy is used in the following example? "In order to give you an idea of what it is like to work in a restaurant, I will tell you about what happens in the front of the restaurant at the host stand, in the middle of the restaurant on the expediter's line, and in the back of the restaurant in the kitchen."

spatial

If there is no clearly identified author for a document on the Internet, you should try to determine the ____________ that is responsible for the document.

sponsoring organization

Research indicates that the impact of examples is greatly enhanced when they are followed by ____________ that show the examples are typical.

statistics

The three kinds of supporting materials discussed in your textbook are

statistics, examples, and testimony

According to chapter 2 on ethics, Roman Rhetorician Quintilian thought the ideal of speechmaking is

the good person speaking well

The most important question to ask when assessing analogical reasoning is whether

the two cases being compared are essentially alike

This strategy for organizing the main points of a speech is patterned using a set of subtopics as the main points.

topical

A connective that indicates when a speaker has finished one thought and is moving on to another is called a(n) ________________________.

transition