Computer Engineering II- Operating Systems

File system for optical media use.

CDFS

What are the Windows 8, 8.1 specialties?

Charms

What are the Windows 10 specialties?

Cortona

Advanced partition using BIOS and can be larger than 2TB. Latest partition format. 256TB drive max. Can have up to 128 partitions.

GPT

An operating system can be a graphical user interface or a command line interface. What is a GUI and CLI?

GUI-What we interact with on a computer CLI-Code like interface will you input commands prompts for example ping

File system for Apple

HFS

Network type for Windows 7, 8, 8.1, 10. Automatically turns on file and printing sharing. Windows 10 no longer supports.

HomeGrouop

Popular operating systems:

Windows, Apple, Linux, Chrome, Android, Apple iOS

Network type for Windows 7. Dosen't automatically share files or printing but it is an option. For small companies.

WorkGroup

What does PAE (physical address extension) do?

allows 32-bit processors to use more than 4GB of RAM

Step 6 of installing Windows

back up any data files

most common. primary, extended, or logical partitions. Each partition must be formatted with specific file systems.

basic disk

Type of installation: Image deployment

burn boot image to Optical Media or external drive then use to install

Windows can be installed from:

central location of a network (Apple: netboot / windows: pxe)

quick format

create a new file table, data looks erased but it is not, no additional checks

Step 1 of installing Windows

decide whether it will be an installation or upgrade and which version of the operating system

Step 4 of installing Windows

determine if hardware is compatible

Step 2 of installing Windows

determine whether the computer will have multiple operating systems installed

ENS

encrypts folders or files for individuals

File system also known as FAT64. Removable media, up to 64 terabytes supported.

exFAT

extended file system. Linux based. If the operating system crashes it can be restarted without reloading.

ext3

File system that is update to ext3. Larger volume/files.

ext4

a type of partition that allows hard drive subdivision called logical partitions. Can only be used on basic disks.

extended partition

Volume must be formatted with ______________ before data can be stored

file system

Purpose of Product Keys?

helps avoid illegal installation

Windows Operating Systems 7, 8, 8 .1, and 10 all have?

Lots of other editions

traditional partition with primary or extended partitions. Older style. Max drive is 2TB. Up to four partitions.

MBR

linux based (open-source) file system. access to remote files over a network.

NFS

File system most common for Windows. 16EB drives but 16TB in practice. Encryption, fast file access, and individual file compression.

NTFS

Volume is represented in Windows by _______

letters

Type of installation: Clean install

no operating system is on computer prior to operating system installation

Step 5 of installing Windows

obtain drivers, upgrades, or hard drive replacement

Windows can be locally installed on:

optical drive, external drive, USB

Type of installation: Recovery partition

optional partition from some manufacturers that has the operating system and application that came with system

Before you use free space on a hard drive you must...

partition the hard drive

Step 3 of installing Windows

plan the partition / volume size and select file system

Update Concerns

potential problems when upgrading / updating an operating system, set up a errors or freezes, drives (not all devices have a driver for latest operating system), application incompatibility, data loss

What does NXbit do?

prevents malware at startup

a partition that can hold an operating system. Is assigned drive letters and file system

primary partition

full format

quick format + Zero's written over drive, checks disk for bad formatting

Type of installation: Refresh

reinstall Windows and keep any saved files apps and settings you have

Type of installation: Restore

reinstall Windows back to a previous date; such as a time before an update was applied

creating a partition does what?

reserves a physical portion of the hard drive

Step 7 of installing Windows

scan for viruses but then disable virus protection while installing

End of Life Concerns

security threats, software incompatibility, compliance issues, operating costs, performance reliability issues (check manufacturer's website)

How to determine Windows version

system properties, ask Cortana, command prompt (ver)

Step 8 of installing Windows

temporarily disable any power management or Disk Management tools

Type of installation: In Place upgrade

upgrade an existing operating system

Type of installation: Repair installation

used when Windows doesn't work properly

Type of installation: Unattended

uses a script or answer file

Type of installation: Remote network install

uses pxe boot to load an image from a server or network share

how do operating systems sees free space?

volume

Difference between activation and registration of Windows OS?

you must activate; registration is optional

What do you have to do if Windows is installed on a computer you own when your trying to activate Windows for the first time on another computer?

you must deactivate Windows on the original computer before activating it on the new computer

What provides a means of organizing and retrieving information on hard drives?

File systems

Hardware requirements for Windows: Processor

1 GHz

Hardware requirements for Windows: Hard drive space

16GB (32-bit) / 20 GB (64-bit)

Hardware requirements for Windows: RAM

1GB (32bit) / 2 GB (64-bit)

Type of installation: Multiboot

2 or more operating systems already installed

Ram limitations of 32 and 64 bit OS:

32-bit has a 4GB RAM limitation (operating system can view no more than 4GB even if more RAM is installed) / 64-bit has up to 2048 GB RAM supported

64 bit application programs only work with ________ operating system

64-bit (don't forget about backwards compatibility)

A phone book list of everyone allowed on a domain

Active Directory

What are the Windows 7 specialities?

Aero, Gadgets

What are the Windows 8, 8.1, 10 specialties?

App store, Settings

What feature allows 32 bit applications run on a 64 bit OS?

Backwards compatibility

What is an operating system responsible for handling?

File and Disk Management

Hardware requirements for Windows: Graphics

Direct X9 or higher with 1.0 wppm driver

A large company that has its own network and an active directory (example wcpss)

Domain

Network type for a corporate environment where users authorized using centralized username and password (like wcpss).

Domain

a more advanced type of disk volume that supports simple, spanned, striped, raid configurations

Dynamic disk

What are the Windows 7, 8, 8.1 specialties?

Easy Transfer

What edition of Windows usually has the most functionality?

Enterprise

File system also known as FAT16. All versions of windows. 4GB partitions for newer versions.

FAT

File system that supports all versions of windows. Removable flash drives. 2TB drives.

FAT32

Media Center

Plays music, videos, and TV. Different than media player. Removed from Windows 10.

BitLocker

Provides full drive encryption. Password prior to operating system login to start decryption.

Operating System

Software that coordinates the interaction between hardware and software applications and the interaction between user and the computer

BranchCache

Stores frequently accessed content. Automatically turns on latency bits 80ms (seamless to end-user).

Linux equivalent of Windows paging file. Uses hard drive space for RAM.

Sweep partition