Computer Engineering II- Operating Systems
File system for optical media use.
CDFS
What are the Windows 8, 8.1 specialties?
Charms
What are the Windows 10 specialties?
Cortona
Advanced partition using BIOS and can be larger than 2TB. Latest partition format. 256TB drive max. Can have up to 128 partitions.
GPT
An operating system can be a graphical user interface or a command line interface. What is a GUI and CLI?
GUI-What we interact with on a computer CLI-Code like interface will you input commands prompts for example ping
File system for Apple
HFS
Network type for Windows 7, 8, 8.1, 10. Automatically turns on file and printing sharing. Windows 10 no longer supports.
HomeGrouop
Popular operating systems:
Windows, Apple, Linux, Chrome, Android, Apple iOS
Network type for Windows 7. Dosen't automatically share files or printing but it is an option. For small companies.
WorkGroup
What does PAE (physical address extension) do?
allows 32-bit processors to use more than 4GB of RAM
Step 6 of installing Windows
back up any data files
most common. primary, extended, or logical partitions. Each partition must be formatted with specific file systems.
basic disk
Type of installation: Image deployment
burn boot image to Optical Media or external drive then use to install
Windows can be installed from:
central location of a network (Apple: netboot / windows: pxe)
quick format
create a new file table, data looks erased but it is not, no additional checks
Step 1 of installing Windows
decide whether it will be an installation or upgrade and which version of the operating system
Step 4 of installing Windows
determine if hardware is compatible
Step 2 of installing Windows
determine whether the computer will have multiple operating systems installed
ENS
encrypts folders or files for individuals
File system also known as FAT64. Removable media, up to 64 terabytes supported.
exFAT
extended file system. Linux based. If the operating system crashes it can be restarted without reloading.
ext3
File system that is update to ext3. Larger volume/files.
ext4
a type of partition that allows hard drive subdivision called logical partitions. Can only be used on basic disks.
extended partition
Volume must be formatted with ______________ before data can be stored
file system
Purpose of Product Keys?
helps avoid illegal installation
Windows Operating Systems 7, 8, 8 .1, and 10 all have?
Lots of other editions
traditional partition with primary or extended partitions. Older style. Max drive is 2TB. Up to four partitions.
MBR
linux based (open-source) file system. access to remote files over a network.
NFS
File system most common for Windows. 16EB drives but 16TB in practice. Encryption, fast file access, and individual file compression.
NTFS
Volume is represented in Windows by _______
letters
Type of installation: Clean install
no operating system is on computer prior to operating system installation
Step 5 of installing Windows
obtain drivers, upgrades, or hard drive replacement
Windows can be locally installed on:
optical drive, external drive, USB
Type of installation: Recovery partition
optional partition from some manufacturers that has the operating system and application that came with system
Before you use free space on a hard drive you must...
partition the hard drive
Step 3 of installing Windows
plan the partition / volume size and select file system
Update Concerns
potential problems when upgrading / updating an operating system, set up a errors or freezes, drives (not all devices have a driver for latest operating system), application incompatibility, data loss
What does NXbit do?
prevents malware at startup
a partition that can hold an operating system. Is assigned drive letters and file system
primary partition
full format
quick format + Zero's written over drive, checks disk for bad formatting
Type of installation: Refresh
reinstall Windows and keep any saved files apps and settings you have
Type of installation: Restore
reinstall Windows back to a previous date; such as a time before an update was applied
creating a partition does what?
reserves a physical portion of the hard drive
Step 7 of installing Windows
scan for viruses but then disable virus protection while installing
End of Life Concerns
security threats, software incompatibility, compliance issues, operating costs, performance reliability issues (check manufacturer's website)
How to determine Windows version
system properties, ask Cortana, command prompt (ver)
Step 8 of installing Windows
temporarily disable any power management or Disk Management tools
Type of installation: In Place upgrade
upgrade an existing operating system
Type of installation: Repair installation
used when Windows doesn't work properly
Type of installation: Unattended
uses a script or answer file
Type of installation: Remote network install
uses pxe boot to load an image from a server or network share
how do operating systems sees free space?
volume
Difference between activation and registration of Windows OS?
you must activate; registration is optional
What do you have to do if Windows is installed on a computer you own when your trying to activate Windows for the first time on another computer?
you must deactivate Windows on the original computer before activating it on the new computer
What provides a means of organizing and retrieving information on hard drives?
File systems
Hardware requirements for Windows: Processor
1 GHz
Hardware requirements for Windows: Hard drive space
16GB (32-bit) / 20 GB (64-bit)
Hardware requirements for Windows: RAM
1GB (32bit) / 2 GB (64-bit)
Type of installation: Multiboot
2 or more operating systems already installed
Ram limitations of 32 and 64 bit OS:
32-bit has a 4GB RAM limitation (operating system can view no more than 4GB even if more RAM is installed) / 64-bit has up to 2048 GB RAM supported
64 bit application programs only work with ________ operating system
64-bit (don't forget about backwards compatibility)
A phone book list of everyone allowed on a domain
Active Directory
What are the Windows 7 specialities?
Aero, Gadgets
What are the Windows 8, 8.1, 10 specialties?
App store, Settings
What feature allows 32 bit applications run on a 64 bit OS?
Backwards compatibility
What is an operating system responsible for handling?
File and Disk Management
Hardware requirements for Windows: Graphics
Direct X9 or higher with 1.0 wppm driver
A large company that has its own network and an active directory (example wcpss)
Domain
Network type for a corporate environment where users authorized using centralized username and password (like wcpss).
Domain
a more advanced type of disk volume that supports simple, spanned, striped, raid configurations
Dynamic disk
What are the Windows 7, 8, 8.1 specialties?
Easy Transfer
What edition of Windows usually has the most functionality?
Enterprise
File system also known as FAT16. All versions of windows. 4GB partitions for newer versions.
FAT
File system that supports all versions of windows. Removable flash drives. 2TB drives.
FAT32
Media Center
Plays music, videos, and TV. Different than media player. Removed from Windows 10.
BitLocker
Provides full drive encryption. Password prior to operating system login to start decryption.
Operating System
Software that coordinates the interaction between hardware and software applications and the interaction between user and the computer
BranchCache
Stores frequently accessed content. Automatically turns on latency bits 80ms (seamless to end-user).
Linux equivalent of Windows paging file. Uses hard drive space for RAM.
Sweep partition